UP leads in efforts to conserve water
Among various initiatives taken to conserve water are its Khet Talab Yojana, Amrit Sarovar, revival of rivers, multipurpose ponds along the Ganga and the Ken-Betwa Link project.
Rainwater harvesting has been made mandatory in new urban housing projects.
Around 70–80% of India's annual rainfall occurs between July and Sep, with regions like UP's Terai belt receiving even more. During this period, India gets about 870 mm of rain, but most of it is not conserved. Union minister Hardeep Singh Puri recently said the water crisis in the country is due to mismanagement not scarcity.
To address this problem, the Central and state govts emphasised projects like rainwater harvesting and water recharge through the Atal Bhujal Yojana and the 'Catch the Rain' campaign.
In UP, govt launched the Khet Talab Yojana. It has now set a target of constructing 8,500 ponds in rural areas, aiming to boost agricultural output, especially in paddy and maize, by over 12%.
Under the Amrit Sarovar Yojana, launched in 2023, govt targeted the creation of 75 ponds per district. UP currently leads the country in its implementation. However, global warming has led to erratic weather patterns, with short bursts of heavy rain followed by prolonged dry spells, resulting in floods and droughts and impacting agricultural productivity, said a govt spokesperson.
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India is among the eight nations facing the highest projected decline in crop yields due to water scarcity, with a potential drop of 28.8%. UP is particularly vulnerable. Rainfall trends are shifting, especially in Bundelkhand. Over 77 years, the region has witnessed a sharp decline in average annual rainfall, dropping by 320 mm, or about 4.2 mm per year. From a historical average of 1,068.4 mm, rainfall levels hover between 800 and 900 mm annually.
Now, govt has made Bundelkhand a focal point for water conservation efforts. The Khet Talab Yojana was launched here and the region is now home to numerous small and large-scale irrigation and conservation projects. Farmers are being encouraged to adopt modern, water-efficient irrigation techniques.
CM Yogi Adityanath has been personally involved in water conservation practices. "Hailing from Gorakhpur, located in the water-rich Terai region, he implemented innovative water recharge systems at the Gorakhnath Temple, where he serves as the Mahant of Gorakshapeeth," he said.
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