IISER Pune & IITB researchers find method to create metal nanoparticles to power disease detectors
Researchers from Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, and Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay have discovered this new method called confined dewetting which brings advanced nanotechnology closer to practical, everyday solutions.
Their breakthrough can be applied to build sensors using many metals and surfaces, opening doors for use in medicine, environment monitoring, and industrial quality control.
You Can Also Check:
Pune AQI
|
Weather in Pune
|
Bank Holidays in Pune
|
Public Holidays in Pune
Published in the journal Small Methods, the study shows how this simple, cost-effective process can create high-quality metal nanoparticles for use in highly sensitive sensors which can detect diseases early or find traces of chemicals in the environment.
One of the paper's principal investigators Atikur Rahman said the study provides a theoretical framework explaining how the elasticity and low surface tension of PDMS (a flexible, silicone-based material) reduce particle size and enhance uniformity, offering a blueprint for further advancements using similar materials.
by Taboola
by Taboola
Sponsored Links
Sponsored Links
Promoted Links
Promoted Links
You May Like
Why Your Current Make-Up Routine Might Be Aging You
thelifehackmag.com
Learn More
Undo
He added, "With applications ranging from medical diagnostics to chemical analysis and beyond, this breakthrough positions confined dewetting as a game-changer in nanotechnology."
The study, led by Ayesha Rahman, a research scientist at I-Hub Quantum Technology Foundation hosted by IISER Pune, Anirban Sain, a faculty member at the Department of Physics,
IIT Bombay
, and Atikur Rahman, a faculty in the department of physics, IISER Pune, introduced a simple approach to create uniform, high-density metal nanoparticles on various surfaces, including flat, curved, and microtextured substrates.
Rahman added, "The technique can be applied to a variety of substrates, from glass slides to optical fibres. The PDMS (a flexible, silicone-based material) layer shapes the nanoparticles and protects them from oxidation. This results in pure and stable nanoparticles. These properties are important when using the sensing technology in practice."
The study received funding from National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems in the department of science and technology (DST) through the I-HUB Quantum Technology Foundation, hosted by IISER Pune, and from a DST-SERB grant.
The high level of precision enables the detection of ultra-low concentrations of disease biomarkers such as cancer-related proteins in a patient's blood sample, or minute traces of harmful pollutants like lead in drinking water, paving the way for earlier diagnostics and more effective environmental monitoring.
What is Confined Dewetting?
Imagine a super-thin layer of metal, about 10,000 times thinner than a human hair, like a gold film spread on a piece of glass
When you heat it, the metal starts to bunch into tiny droplets, similar to how water beads up on a non-sticky pan
This happens because the metal tries to minimise its surface energy
If we squeeze the metal film between two surfaces, like making a sandwich, and apply heat, it breaks up into tiny, uniform droplets that are packed closely together
This process is called confined dewetting, and it can be used to make highly sensitive sensors for biomedical and chemical applications
How is it done
The researchers sandwiched a thin metal film between a substrate and a layer of PDMS (a flexible, silicone-based material) during heating
They achieved precise control over the size and spacing of nanoparticles, resulting in particles with minimal size variation and gaps as small as a few nanometres
This level of precision is critical for applications requiring consistent and enhanced performance, such as detecting trace amounts of biological or chemical substances
Traditional methods of nanoparticle production are based on expensive and complex processes and often do not produce uniform nanoparticles
In contrast, the 'confined dewetting' technique, applied on metal films is versatile and can be implemented on a large scale
Metals such as silver, gold, copper, and their alloys can be used in this technique, the study said
Hashtags
Try Our AI Features
Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:
Comments
No comments yet...
Related Articles
Time of India
11 minutes ago
- Time of India
Lizard vs. Snake Venom: Australian lizard develops immunity to deadly snakebites
In a discovery that could influence future antivenom development, scientists have found that the Australian major skink (Bellatorias frerei) has evolved a natural immunity to potent snake neurotoxins. Despite sharing little in common with mammals like honey badgers and mongooses, these reptiles have developed a similar molecular resistance, targeting the same critical receptor that snake venom typically shuts down. The breakthrough offers new insights into how evolution arms certain species against their deadliest predators and opens doors for biotech researchers studying antivenom therapies and neurological protection mechanisms. Snake venom resistance rooted in muscle receptor mutation The major skink's secret lies in a mutation of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor—a critical site targeted by snake neurotoxins to paralyze prey. This genetic tweak prevents venom from binding and disrupting nerve-muscle communication. Researchers observed that this modification mirrors similar adaptations in other distant species like mongooses and honey badgers, despite their evolutionary differences. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like With temperatures hitting 95°F, this is the mini air conditioner everyone's buying in the U.S News of the Discovery Undo The phenomenon is being hailed as an example of "convergent evolution"—where different species arrive at the same biological solution to a shared threat. According to zoologist Bryan Fry, one of the study's co-authors, evolution seems to repeatedly 'hit the same molecular bullseye' when it comes to venom resistance. This adaptation has independently emerged in at least 25 different skink lineages. Some variations also involve sugar molecule barriers and altered protein building blocks that further block venom activity. These defenses suggest that over millions of years, natural selection has equipped these reptiles with a robust biochemical shield. Breakthrough insights into future antivenom development By simulating snakebites using synthetic peptides and receptor models, scientists confirmed that the skink's altered receptors didn't react to venom the way normal ones do. The implications are profound—not just for evolutionary biology, but also for medicine. With better understanding of how certain species naturally neutralize toxins, researchers believe they can engineer more effective and universal antivenoms. This could be especially critical in regions like Australia, home to some of the world's most venomous snakes. An ancient arms race with modern-day medical potential The discovery underscores the biological arms race that has been unfolding for tens of millions of years between predators and prey. While venomous snakes evolved deadlier toxins, some prey species countered with molecular adaptations. Scientists now hope that decoding these evolutionary defenses will yield biomedical tools not just for treating snakebites, but possibly for broader neurological applications, including treating paralysis and neurodegenerative diseases.
Time of India
20 minutes ago
- Time of India
Diet soda may raise Type 2 diabetes risk by 38%: Study warns
A new large-scale Australian study has raised serious concerns about the health effects of artificially sweetened beverages. According to researchers, consuming just one can of diet soda daily could increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 38%. Even more surprising is that this risk is higher than the 23% increase linked to traditional sugar-sweetened soft drinks. Type 2 diabetes currently affects 1.3 million Australians and over 500 million people globally, according to the World Health Organization. The vast majority of cases are linked to poor dietary choices and sedentary lifestyles. With diet sodas being widely marketed as 'safe' or 'diet-friendly,' the findings of this study may shift both public behaviour and industry regulations. This discovery challenges the long-standing belief that diet sodas are a healthier alternative for those trying to manage their weight, blood sugar, or diabetes risk. Artificial sweeteners like in diet sodas pose hidden diabetes risk; new study This study, published in the journal Diabetes & Metabolism, was a collaborative effort by Monash University, RMIT University, and the Cancer Council Victoria. Researchers observed the dietary habits of 36,608 Australians over nearly 14 years, tracking their intake of sugary and artificially sweetened beverages and their subsequent health outcomes. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like Paras Sector 59 Gurgaon | Luxury Awaits at Paras Floret Paras The Florett Book Now Undo The research team, led by Professor Barbora de Courten, Associate Professor Allison Hodge, and PhD student Robel Hussen Kabthymer, found that artificial sweeteners were independently associated with a significantly higher diabetes risk, even when factors like body weight, exercise levels, and overall diet were accounted for. Diet sodas may trigger Type 2 diabetes risk independently of body weight Many people at risk of type 2 diabetes are advised to switch to diet sodas, assuming they're a safer option. However, this study suggests otherwise. 'Artificial sweeteners are often recommended to people at risk of diabetes as a healthier alternative,' explained Professor de Courten. 'But our results suggest they may pose their own health risks.' Interestingly, while the risk from sugary drinks can largely be attributed to obesity, the link between artificially sweetened drinks and diabetes remained strong even after accounting for body mass index. This suggests a direct metabolic effect may be at play. How diet sodas may affect metabolism Though low in calories, artificial sweeteners may disrupt gut microbiota, alter glucose metabolism, or cause insulin resistance. These changes can contribute to blood sugar dysregulation — a key factor in the development of type 2 diabetes. The authors point out that more research is needed to fully understand the biological mechanisms, but the current findings are enough to urge caution. This study carries major implications for public health messaging. Professor de Courten advocates for broader strategies beyond just taxing sugary beverages: 'We support measures like sugary drink taxes, but our study shows we also need to pay attention to artificially sweetened options. These are often marketed as better for you, yet may carry their own risks.' She emphasises that non-nutritive beverages—whether sugar-loaded or artificially sweetened—should be consumed sparingly, and policies must reflect this growing body of evidence. Also Read | Eating 2 apples daily help you fight fatty liver, colon cancer and heart diseases: Gastroenterologist reveals
Time of India
4 hours ago
- Time of India
Blood Moon over Bahrain: Here's how to watch and photograph the celestial show
Bahrain will experience a total lunar eclipse on September 7, 2025/Image: File TL;DR: Bahrain will experience a total lunar eclipse on the evening of Sunday, September 7, 2025, with the eclipse visible from 7:28pm to 10:56pm; peak totality (the "blood moon" phase) will last for about 1 hour and 22 minutes. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth's shadow falls on the Moon, blocking direct sunlight and causing the Moon to turn a deep red as seen from Earth. The event can be viewed safely with the naked eye or photographed using a camera or phone with some basic techniques, no special equipment required, but a tripod and planning help capture the spectacle clearly. Bahrain is set to witness a rare and awe-inspiring celestial event on the evening of September 7, 2025, a total lunar eclipse visible across the Kingdom for over five hours. Marking the nation's first full "blood moon" event since 2018, the eclipse will cast the Moon in a deep red hue during its peak, captivating both skywatchers and astrophotographers alike. With full visibility, ideal conditions, and cultural significance tied to Islamic traditions, the eclipse promises a night of science, serenity, and spectacle. What is a Lunar Eclipse? A lunar eclipse is an astronomical event that happens when the Earth moves directly between the Sun and the Moon, causing the Earth's shadow to fall across the surface of the Moon. This only occurs during a full moon, when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned in a straight line (a configuration known as 'syzygy'). When the Earth's central shadow (the umbra) completely covers the Moon, it's called a total lunar eclipse. During totality, sunlight refracted through Earth's atmosphere bathes the Moon in a coppery-red light, leading to the popular term 'blood moon'. Unlike a solar eclipse (which requires eye protection and is visible only from certain locations), a lunar eclipse can be observed with the naked eye from anywhere it's night and is completely safe to watch. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like Online & Flexible degrees BITS Pilani Digital Apply Now Undo Details of the 2025 total Lunar Eclipse in Bahrain Date: Sunday, September 7, 2025 Duration: The eclipse lasts about 5 hours and 27 minutes from start to finish, with the total phase (complete coverage) lasting about 1 hour and 22 minutes. Visibility: The entire eclipse will be visible from Bahrain, with the moon turning deep red at its peak—a rare sight not seen in Bahrain since July 2018 and not expected again until 2028. Key Timings for Bahrain (local time): Eclipse begins: 7:28pm. Totality (blood moon): approx. 7:49pm to 9:11pm. Maximum eclipse: 9:11pm. Eclipse ends: 10:56pm. The event also aligns with Salat Al-Khusuf (the eclipse prayer), making it significant for both scientific and cultural reasons. How to observe and photograph the eclipse Watching the Eclipse No special equipment is needed to enjoy a lunar eclipse, view it safely with the naked eye. For a closer look or enhanced detail, binoculars or a small telescope are helpful. If skies are clear, find a spot with minimal light pollution for the best view. How to capture the Lunar Eclipse (Photography tips) 1. For Smartphone Users: Stabilize: Use a tripod or steady surface; lunar eclipse photos are challenging in low light and any shake will blur the image. Turn off the flash and consider including landmarks or silhouettes in your frame for context. Zoom carefully: Use optical zoom if available, digital zoom can reduce image quality. Night mode: Activate your phone's night or astrophotography mode if available. 2. For DSLR or Mirrorless Cameras: Lens: A telephoto lens (300mm or longer) will capture close-up details; a wide-angle lens can show the Moon in the landscape. Tripod: Essential for keeping the camera still during long exposures. Camera Settings: Start with ISO 400 and a wide aperture (f/5.6 or wider). As the Moon darkens during totality, you may need to increase ISO or extend exposure time. Manual focus set to infinity is recommended. Use a cable release or self-timer to avoid camera shake. Bracket your shots: Take multiple exposures at different shutter speeds to capture both the bright and dim phases of the eclipse. Continuous Shots: You can take a series of images at regular intervals to document the different eclipse stages and create a composite later. General tips: Plan your compositions before the eclipse using moonrise and direction forecasts. Practice your setup a night or two ahead to get comfortable with camera settings in low light. Charge your batteries and clear your memory card in advance. The total lunar eclipse of September 7, 2025, offers Bahrain residents and visitors a rare chance to witness one of nature's most spectacular celestial events, right from their own backyards. Whether you simply gaze at the Moon or aim to photograph its changing phases, the experience promises to be both inspiring and memorable. Remember to prepare ahead for the best view, check the timing, and enjoy a safe, awe-inspiring night under the 'blood moon. ' FAQ 1. What is a Blood Moon? A Blood Moon is a total lunar eclipse during which the Moon turns a reddish colour as it passes through Earth's shadow. 2. Why does the Moon turn red during a Blood Moon? Earth's atmosphere filters and bends sunlight, scattering blue light and letting red light reach the Moon, giving it a coppery-red glow. 3. Is a Blood Moon safe to watch? Yes, unlike a solar eclipse, a Blood Moon can be viewed safely with the naked eye without any special eye protection. 4. How often do Blood Moons occur? Blood Moons happen irregularly, with 2 to 4 total lunar eclipses visible from Earth per year on average. 5. Do I need special equipment to see or photograph a Blood Moon? No special gear is needed to watch it, but using binoculars, telescopes, or cameras with tripods can enhance viewing and photography quality.
