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The Journal
3 days ago
- Politics
- The Journal
German chancellor pledges to help Ukraine develop long-range missiles
GERMAN CHANCELLOR FRIEDRICH Merz has pledged to help Ukraine develop its own long-range missile systems that would be free of any Western-imposed limitations on their range and target options as the Kyiv government fights to repel Russia's invasion. Some of the advanced weapon systems that Kyiv's Western partners have supplied to Ukraine during the more than three-year war were subject to range and target restrictions. The limits have been a fraught political issue, stemming from fears that if the weapons struck Russia, the Kremlin might retaliate against the country that provided them and suck Nato into Europe's biggest conflict since the Second World War. Merz said in Berlin, alongside visiting Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, that under an intensified cooperation agreement Germany 'will strive to equip the Ukrainian army with all the capabilities that truly enable it to successfully defend the country', including upgraded domestic missile production. Germany has been the second-biggest supplier of military aid to Ukraine after the United States. 'Ukraine will be able to fully defend itself including against military targets outside its own territory' with its own missiles, Merz said at a joint news conference. The German leader's pledge came as the past few months of intense US-led peace efforts have brought no significant breakthrough, and with analysts saying Russia is poised to launch a major summer offensive. German foreign minister Johann Wadephul is set to meet in Washington with US secretary of state Marco Rubio later today. Advertisement Merz greeting Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in Berlin. Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo Merz declined to say whether Germany will supply its advanced Taurus long-range cruise missile to Ukraine – a longstanding request by Kyiv, and a step that Berlin has resisted. Asked about Germany's offer to fund long-range missile production in Ukraine, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov responded that the move was an obstacle to reaching a peace agreement. Both Merz and Zelenskyy criticised the Kremlin's effective rejection of an unconditional ceasefire proposed by the US, which Kyiv accepted, and its delay in responding to proposals for a settlement. Merz said last Monday that Germany and other major allies were no longer imposing range limits on weapons they send to Ukraine , though he indicated their use was limited to Russian military targets. The Kremlin called the move 'dangerous'. Then-US president Joe Biden late last year authorised Ukraine to use US-supplied missiles to strike deeper into Russia. The decision allowed Ukraine to use the Army Tactical Missile System, known as ATACMS, against Russia. In Berlin, Zelenskyy called for deeper defence cooperation across Europe and with the United States, stressing the need for long-range capabilities and sustained military funding to ensure Ukraine's resilience. 'We need sufficient long-range capabilities. That's why we must be certain of the financing of our army and the stability of Ukraine,' he said. He added that the cooperation projects already exist. 'We simply want (the missiles) to be produced in the quantity we need,' Zelenskyy told the news conference. The Kremlin has said that Russia is grateful to Trump for his mediation efforts. Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo On Tuesday, the Ukrainian President said he is ready to hold peace talks at the highest level, including a trilateral meeting with himself, Russian leader Vladimir Putin and US President Donald Trump. Related Reads Kremlin says Trump 'emotional' after US President called Putin 'absolutely crazy' over Ukraine strikes Russia says West's decision to lift range limits on weapons sent to Ukraine is 'dangerous' At least 12, including three children, killed in Russian drone-and-missile attack on Ukraine 'We are ready to meet at the level of leaders. Both the American side knows this, and the Russian side knows this,' he said. Zelenskyy said he would accept any configuration of talks, whether that includes one trilateral meeting or separate meetings with Trump. Peskov, the Kremlin spokesman, said that Russia is grateful to Trump for his mediation efforts. 'At the same time, there is a big number of nuances to be discussed that can't be neglected and which neither party is going to sacrifice, because of its national interests,' Peskov told reporters. 'Just like the United States, Russia has its national interests that are of primary importance to us.' He said that Moscow will 'soon' deliver its promised memorandum on a framework for a peace settlement. Meanwhile, fighting has continued along the roughly 620-mile front line, where Ukraine's army is shorthanded against its bigger adversary. Zelenskyy claimed Russia is mobilising up to 45,000 men every month, while Ukraine mobilises between 25,000-27,000. Both sides are continuing to conduct deep strikes. Russia launched its biggest drone attack of the war against Ukraine on Sunday. Russian air defences downed 296 Ukrainian drones over 13 Russian regions late on Tuesday and early today, Russia's defence ministry said, in what appeared to be one of the biggest Ukrainian drone assaults of the war.
The Journal
22-05-2025
- Entertainment
- The Journal
Rapper Kid Cudi says his car was set on fire weeks after Sean Combs broke into his home
RAPPER KID CUDI claimed that Sean 'Diddy' Combs broke into his Hollywood Hills home in 2011 after finding out he was dating Combs's ex-girlfriend, the R&B singer Cassie, and that someone set fire to his car weeks later. Cudi, whose real name is Scott Mescudi, took the witness box in Combs's sex trafficking trial in New York and said he and Cassie briefly dated in 2011. He said he took her to a West Hollywood hotel one day to get her away from the seething Combs. While there, he said, he got a call from Combs's assistant, Capricorn Clark, who told him Combs and an affiliate were in his house and that she had been forced to go with them. Cudi said he left the hotel to drive home, and that he called Combs en route and — using an expletive — asked him why he was in his house. He said Combs calmly replied: 'I want to talk to you.' But Combs wasn't there when he arrived, Cudi said. Instead, he found that someone had opened Christmas presents he'd bought for his family and locked his dog in a bathroom. Cudi said he wasn't sure what was going on, so he called the police. A few weeks later, Cudi said his Porsche was destroyed by fire while parked in his driveway. Cudi said he was at a friend's house when his dog sitter called and 'told me my car was on fire'. Photos shown to the jury showed a hole cut in the car's fabric roof and a Molotov cocktail was found in the passenger seat. Advertisement Cassie testified last week that Combs had threatened to blow up Cudi's car and hurt him after he learned she was dating the Grammy Award-winning rapper, who is known for his alternative hip-hop style. Kid Cudi testifies on the witness stand during Sean Diddy Combs' sex trafficking and racketeering trial in Manhattan federal court. Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo Combs, 55, has pleaded not guilty to sex trafficking and racketeering charges lodged against him after he was arrested in September at a Manhattan hotel. He denies allegations that he used threats and his powerful position in the hip-hop world to abuse women and others, and force Cassie to take part in drug-fuelled sexual performances, called 'freak-offs', with other men that she said left her too drained to pursue her singing career. The federal investigation of Combs began in November 2023, a day after Cassie sued him in Manhattan federal court, alleging years of sexual and physical abuse. The lawsuit was settled by Combs for 20 million dollars the next day. In four days of evidence last week, Cassie, whose legal name is Casandra Ventura, said Combs subjected her to abuse through most of the nearly 11 years she was with him from 2007 through 2018. She said she developed a relationship with Cudi in late 2011, which she ended within weeks after Combs learned about it when he looked at her phone during a freak-off — one of hundreds she said she endured over the years. George Kaplan, Combs's personal assistant from 2013 to 2015, gave evidence earlier on Thursday, saying that he saw Combs be violent with Cassie only once, on a 2015 trip to Las Vegas aboard Combs's private jet. He said he heard glass breaking behind him and looked over his shoulder to see Combs standing with a whiskey glass in his hand. 'There was tremendous commotion and a scuffle, and then after the glass crashed, Cassie screamed: 'Isn't anybody seeing this?'' Mr Kaplan said, adding that neither he nor any of the security workers or Bad Boy staff on the plane responded to her call for help. Mr Kaplan said he did not intervene because he did not want to lose his dream job. He said that a later incident, in which he saw Cassie sitting in a bedroom with a black eye before Combs sent him to pick up anti-inflammatory medicine to treat the injury, and the attack on the plane, led him to quit. Mr Kaplan also said he saw Combs become violent with another girlfriend, whom he referred to only as Gina, when the rapper threw green apples at her at his Florida home.
The Journal
14-05-2025
- Health
- The Journal
What is in Scotland's divisive assisted dying bill and is it likely to become law?
POLITICIANS IN SCOTLAND have given their initial backing to a bill that would legalise assisted dying in the country. The Assisted Dying for Terminally Ill Adults (Scotland) Bill would allow people who are terminally ill to request medical assistance by health professionals to end their own life. After a five-hour debate on Tuesday, members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs) voted in favour of progressing the bill by 70 votes to 56. One member abstained. It was a free vote – meaning MSPs were not told how to vote by their parties or the government. The bill will now face two more stages of scrutiny, and could potentially become law in Scotland later this year. What's in the bill? The bill seeks to allow 'terminally ill adults in Scotland, who are eligible, to lawfully request, and be provided with, assistance by health professionals to end their own life'. In order to be eligible to request an assisted death, a person must have a terminal illness, defined as 'an advanced and progressive disease, illness or condition which they cannot recover from, and which is expected to cause their premature death'. They must also have been living in Scotland for at least 12 months and be registered with a GP practice in Scotland. While the bill states that the minimum age a person must be to make this request is 16, McArthur recently confirmed that he would raise the minimum age in the proposed legislation to 18. Two doctors would both have to certify someone is both terminally ill and has the mental capacity to request an assisted death for it to proceed. Both doctors would have to be satisfied that the person is acting voluntarily, without being coerced or pressured. There would also be a 'period for reflection' of at least two weeks between a request being made and the necessary medication being provided. The person can change their mind at any point before going through with an assisted death. The bill was introduced by Liberal Democrat MSP Liam McArthur in March 2024. It is a member's bill, not a government bill. Is it likely that it will become law? While the initial vote is being hailed as a landmark moment in Scottish politics, there's still a long way to go before the proposed legislation has a chance to become law. Liam McArthur reacts after MSPs approved the general principles of legislation which could introduce assisted dying for terminally ill people in Scotland. Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo It is expected that there will be several amendments made to the bill, with Scotland's health committee having highlighted a range of areas that it felt needed further consideration . These include how to fairly assess the decision-making capacity of people with a mental disorder, the provision and quality of palliative care, residency rules and additional safeguards. It also suggested establishing an independent oversight mechanism such as an independent review panel or a potential monitoring role for Scotland's chief medical officer. Questions have also been raised about how assisted dying would be funded. The Scottish government has said that issues relating to lethal drugs were reserved to Westminster and in their view, the bill in its current form 'is outside the legislative competence of the Scottish Parliament'. But McArthur has said he is confident that Westminster would work with the Scottish government if the bill does become law. These issues will need to be addressed if the bill gets to a final vote, which is expected to take place later this year. Advertisement What do supporters of the bill say? Following the vote, McArthur said that the bill has been 'a long time coming, but, at long last, it can offer that compassionate choice for the small number of terminally ill Scots who need it.' The debate on the matter heard powerful, emotional testimony from some MSPs as to why they felt the bill was needed. At around 7 tonight, MSPs will cast their votes on Stage 1 of Liam McArthur's Bill to give terminally ill people choice and dignity at the end of their lives. I will be voting in favour. Here is why👇 — Elena Whitham MSP (@ElenaWhitham) May 13, 2025 One such contribution came from SNP backbencher Elena Whitham, who told MSPs that her mother had chosen to starve herself 'to hasten her inevitable death' after being diagnosed with stage four terminal lung cancer. She said it took two weeks for her die. 'My mum deserved to plan a compassionate death, surrounded by her family, not one she had to conduct in secret,' she said, adding that her mother had not told anyone what she was doing. Ally Thomson, director of Dignity in Dying Scotland, hailed the vote as a 'watershed moment for compassion'. 'MSPs have today taken an historic step towards greater choice and protection for dying people,' she added. What do critics of the bill say? Some MSPs have voiced concerns that the bill could see disabled and vulnerable people being coerced into ending their lives prematurely. Labour's Pam Duncan-Glancy, who was the first permanent wheelchair user to be elected to Holyrood, described the bill as a 'slippery slope'. She told MSPs during the debate: 'Rather than legislating to assist to die, let us resolve to legislate to assist people to live.' View this post on Instagram A post shared by Nicola Sturgeon (@nicolasturgeon) A number of high profile MSPs also voted against the bill, including First Minister John Swinney, and former first ministers Nicola Sturgeon and Humza Yousaf. Before the vote, Sturgeon said she would not back the bill, calling it the 'most difficult decision' of her career and citing concerns around the definition of terminal illness being too wide, possible coercion and 'how it might profoundly change society's attitude to life and death'. Stuart Weir, head of the Christian charity Care for Scotland, has said assisted dying 'would undermine suicide prevention in Scotland and send a harmful message that some lives aren't worth living'. What happens next? Holyrood had previously rejected two attempts to legalise assisted dying at the first vote, with MSPs voting down similar proposals in both 2010 and 2015. Following this vote, the bill has now passed Stage One. This saw Scotland's health, social care and sport committee examine and report on the bill, followed by a debate and vote on the general principles of the bill – which took place on Tuesday. The proposed legislation now progresses to Stage Two, which will give MSPs the opportunity to propose amendments to the bill as it currently stands. Any MSP can suggest amendments, but only members of the Stage Two committee can decide on them. If the bill progresses to Stage Three, MSPs can propose further amendments, which are then debated and decided on in the parliament's debating chamber. At this stage, all MSPs can vote on the proposed amendments, not just those on a committee. There is then a debate on whether to pass the bill. If it passes, it becomes law. Readers like you are keeping these stories free for everyone... Our Explainer articles bring context and explanations in plain language to help make sense of complex issues. We're asking readers like you to support us so we can continue to provide helpful context to everyone, regardless of their ability to pay. Learn More Support The Journal
The Journal
11-05-2025
- Entertainment
- The Journal
Sitdown Sunday: The men who escaped Alcatraz
IT'S A DAY of rest, and you may be in the mood for a quiet corner and a comfy chair. We've hand-picked some of the week's best reads for you to savour. 1. Escape from Alcatraz Alcatraz prison Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo This feature article reflects on the truly fascinating story of how three men pulled off a seemingly impossible escape from the infamous Alcatraz penitentiary in San Francisco Bay, only to never be seen again. It comes in a week where US President Donald Trump suggested reopening the prison to serve as 'a symbol of law, order and justice'. ( BBC , approx 7 mins reading time) With Morris taking the lead, the four prisoners began to concoct an elaborate and audacious plan to escape. Over a period of several months, the men chiselled away at the salt-damaged concrete around the air vent under their sinks. Using metal spoons purloined from the dining hall, a drill made from a vacuum-cleaner motor and discarded saw blades, they dug through to an unguarded utility corridor. To mask the noise of the drill, Morris would play his accordion during the daily hour set aside when music was played to the prisoners. Once they had created a hole large enough to crawl through to the corridor, they climbed up to the empty top level of the cellblock and set up a secret workshop. To hide the cell-wall holes, they fashioned fake papier-mâché grills from prison library magazines. Once they were in their workshop, they set about constructing a 6x14ft makeshift rubber raft and life-vests made from more than 50 stolen raincoats. 2. 'A deeply profound moment of joy': world leaders react to Pope Leo XIV Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo Following the mournful farewell to the late Pope Francis two weeks ago, white smoke billowed from the Vatican chimney on Thursday to tell the world that his successor had been chosen within. Robert Prevost, to be known as Pope Leo XIV, was elected to lead the world's 1.4 billion Catholics. This piece summarises the reaction from world leaders to the news, in case you missed it. ( Time Magazine , approx 13 mins reading time) 'Ukraine deeply values the Holy See's consistent position in upholding international law, condemning the Russian Federation's military aggression against Ukraine, and protecting the rights of innocent civilians,' he said. 'At this decisive moment for our country, we hope for the continued moral and spiritual support of the Vatican in Ukraine's efforts to restore justice and achieve a lasting peace.' 3. 'It's not that they're dishonest; it's that they're paralysed.' Alamy Stock Vector Alamy Stock Vector This incredibly insightful piece analyses the tangible impact revolutionary AI chatbots are having, not just on the lives of the everyday person, but on the latest generation of university students. D Graham Burnett, who goes as far as describing the physical books in his office as 'so oddly inefficient', writes on behalf of those students here, lifting from them the cumbersome expectation of adherence to academic norms to permit to embrace AI. This way, he argues, universities can actually thrive, rather than die, alongside the technology. ( The New Yorker , approx 20 mins reading time) On the contrary, staggering transformations are in full swing. And yet, on campus, we're in a bizarre interlude: everyone seems intent on pretending that the most significant revolution in the world of thought in the past century isn't happening. The approach appears to be: 'We'll just tell the kids they can't use these tools and carry on as before.' This is, simply, madness. And it won't hold for long. It's time to talk about what all this means for university life, and for the humanities in particular. 4. Nature or nurture?: the real impact siblings have on our lives Advertisement Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo Susan Dominus delves into the deep psychology of the nature versus nurture debate, analysing the malleability of our brains when exposed to our siblings from a young age. She argues that it is they, our brothers and sisters, who have a larger and more definitive impact on the formation of our adult selves than even authoritative parents. ( The New York Times Magazine , approx 26 mins reading time) And yet researchers, after analyzing thousands of twin studies, have come to the conclusion that the shared environment — the environment that siblings have in common, which includes parents — seems to do precious little to make fraternal twins particularly alike in many ways. They can be exposed to the same rules of oboe practice, dinnertime rituals, punishments, family values and parental harmony or discord, and none of it really matters in many key regards — siblings' personalities may very well end up as different as those of any two strangers on the street. 5. A peek into one of Russia's 'patriotic education centres' Shutterstock Shutterstock Here is a sobering documentary piece about how Russia is rearing a new kind of precocious and fervent patriotism amongst its youth in the face of what it portrays as a siege by Western states. Read about 14-year-old Yegor, A Russian child who is enrolled in a 'patriotic education centre as part of an order by Vladimir Putin to breed 'a new generation of patriots who love their homeland'. ( The Washington Post , approx 9 mins reading time) At schools, libraries and youth clubs across Russia, the militarisation of education is now on full display. Funding has been increased for youth movements and patriotic education, and the budget was doubled last month for Russia's Youth Army. History and literature textbooks have been rewritten, and compulsory weekly patriotism classes have been introduced. Much of what has been revived harks back to the Soviet Union. The Youth Army and Putin's new youth movement, 'Movement of the First,' is a reincarnation of the Komsomol. The new war camps, meanwhile, remind grandparents of their days in DOSAAF, a paramilitary sports organization in the Soviet Union. 6. An ode to your father Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo Mariana Serapicos pens this timeless reflection on the heartbreak of losing one's parent, describing the loss of her dad when she was 10. It was a loss compounded by the fact his once vivacious soul began to slowly fade owing to a debilitating ALS diagnosis. Read about Mariana's final family holiday before his passing, and the graceful acceptance with which she dealt with his loss, all while retaining her childhood innocence. ( Electric Literature , approx 17 mins reading time) They were told he didn't have much time, that it moves fast; he wanted to find a stop sign—he wasn't ready for our life together to end. He started making plans. The lessons he wanted to teach us, the things we should do, the places he wanted us to see with him before it was too late, before he couldn't follow us where we needed to be. The hourglass had been turned and I could see time trickling down; the grains were falling too fast. …AND A CLASSIC FROM THE ARCHIVES… Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo Kevin Wheatcroft, a wealthy 55-year-old British collector, has spent much of his life amassing memorabilia associated with Nazi Germany and its military. Beginning with the acquisition of an SS helmet gifted to him by his father for his fifth birthday, Kevin's obsession led him to hold a collection worth over £100 million that includes 88 tanks. This piece from 2015 details the lengths he has gone to in order to memorialise the Third Reich. What is behind this dark obsession, reporter Alex Preston asks. ( The Guardian , approx 23 mins reading time) I knew Hitler had lived there and so finally persuaded him to open it and it was exactly as it had been when Hitler slept in the room. On the desk there was a blotter covered in Hitler's signatures in reverse, the drawers were full of signed copies of Mein Kampf. I bought it all. I sleep in the bed, although I've changed the mattress.' Note: The Journal generally selects stories that are not paywalled, but some might not be accessible if you have exceeded your free article limit on the site in question. Readers like you are keeping these stories free for everyone... A mix of advertising and supporting contributions helps keep paywalls away from valuable information like this article. Over 5,000 readers like you have already stepped up and support us with a monthly payment or a once-off donation. Learn More Support The Journal
The Journal
07-05-2025
- General
- The Journal
'Would put Fort Knox to shame': Here's the measures being taken to ensure the conclave's secrecy
AT THE HOLY Mass this morning in St Peter's Basilica to prepare cardinals for the conclave, the Dean of the College of Cardinals urged the electors to set aside 'personal considerations' and only keep in mind the 'good of the Church'. But not only do cardinals have to set aside their personal considerations, but also their personal belongings. Yesterday, cardinals had to give up their phones, tablets, laptops, and radios. These devices were confiscated and placed into sealed bags labelled with each cardinal's name – the devices will be returned once conclave concludes. Meanwhile, it's deemed that closed doors are not enough to maintain secrecy, nor is the oath of secrecy that cardinals must take. The floor of the Sistine Chapel where the conclave takes place has been altered to prevent trip hazards, but there are also reports that signal jammers are placed under the temporary floor to prevent electronic surveillance. The Sistine Chapel the night before the conclave Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo Italian media also reported that phone signal in the Vatican will be cut off at 3pm Rome time, an hour and a half before the cardinals are scheduled to proceed to the Sistine Chapel to begin the conclave. While cardinals won't have access to their phones, they are not the only people involved in the conclave. Around 70 to 80 people will help to ensure the conclave runs smoothly, from doctors and nurses to servers and cooks. They are in full-time service during the conclave and stay overnight in the Vatican, without contact to their family and the outside world. Advertisement But while these 80 or so people will lack phone signal, a Vatican spokesperson said the signal deactivation will not affect St. Peter's Square, where the public will gather during the conclave. And while the Sistine Chapel is out of bounds to the public during the conclave, the rest of St Peter's Basilica remains open as usual. The 80 or so people who help run the conclave must swear an oath of secrecy, which they undertook yesterday. Officials and staff involved in the upcoming Conclave have taken an oath of secrecy. The oath, administered by Cardinal Kevin Joseph Farrell, Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, was taken by all individuals—both clergy and laity— who will be present for the conclave. This… — Vatican News (@VaticanNews) May 6, 2025 Everyone, both clergy and laypeople, are subject to excommunication if they violate the conclave's secrecy. Such secrecy and security measures have a long history within the Church. Indeed, the term conclave comes from the Latin 'cum clave', which literally means 'with key' – it's meant to evoke the image of cardinals being locked away 'with key' until there is a new pope. Meanwhile, Vatican journalists have quipped that the security operation around the conclave would put Fort Knox to shame. 'Even the windows will be sealed, including the shutters, so no one can so much as glance outside,' one Vatican source told the Jesuit magazine America . The Santa Martha where cardinals will be staying is a hotel-like guest house built during Pope John Paul II's reign – it's primary purpose is to house cardinals during conclaves, though Pope Francis decided to live there rather than the apostolic palace. According to Vatican sources, each room had to be inspected, secured and sealed before cardinals could move in for the conclave. These seals are broken once the cardinal-elector arrives, under the watchful eye of the Swiss Guard. Read Next Related Reads Cardinal faces criticism for singing 'Imagine' while his supporters urged to stop making memes The Swiss Guard during the funeral of Pope Francis in St. Peter's Square. Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo Meanwhile, this conclave will be the largest in history with 133 cardinal electors – only cardinals aged 80 or under when a pope dies or resigns has a vote. This means there isn't room at the inn for five cardinals and Irish-born Camerlengo Kevin Farrell had to draw lots to see who would reside at the old guesthouse. Cardinals can travel from Santa Marta to the Sistine Chapel ' as they wish, even on foot', according to a Vatican spokesperson, but it must follow a 'protected route '. Cardinal Gregorio Rosa Chavez walking to St Peter's Square this morning. Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo A small team of two Italian cooks and a female chef from Africa will keep the cardinals fed, and while some of them may be accustomed to the finer things, the Vatican source said the food will be high quality but not 'luxurious'. This promises to be better than the food served during the conclave in 1268 which lasted close to three years. This conclave was held in the small town of Viterbo, north of Rome, after a temporary relocation of the papal see and the townspeople had to pay for the cardinals' room and board expenses. Taxes had to be raised to finance the conclave and as impatience grew, drastic action ramped up to bring the conclave to a conclusion. The roof was removed from the election hall and the diet for cardinals was reduced to bread and water. It took 1,006 days to elect Pope Gregory X and along the way, three of the 20 cardinals involved died. Readers like you are keeping these stories free for everyone... A mix of advertising and supporting contributions helps keep paywalls away from valuable information like this article. Over 5,000 readers like you have already stepped up and support us with a monthly payment or a once-off donation. Learn More Support The Journal
