Latest news with #DepartmentofHigherEducationandTraining
IOL News
7 days ago
- Politics
- IOL News
'I accept the dismissal': Nkabane speaks out after being fired by Ramaphosa
Fired Higher Education Minister Dr Nobuhle Nkabane defended her record on the SETA board appointments, stating she was ready with documents to prove her case before being removed from office. Image: Supplied "All the signs were there." That's how former Higher Education Minister Dr. Nobuhle Nkabane described her reaction to being dismissed from the position by President Cyril Ramaphosa, adding that many people wanted her to be fired from the position. Nkabane said she received a call from Ramaphosa on Monday informing her of his decision while she was on her way to Cape Town for a portfolio committee meeting on higher education scheduled for Tuesday. 'All signs were there…that there are some forces on the ground that want me out of the system,' she told broadcaster eNCA on Tuesday. 'To be honest, I am not even shocked, and I have just accepted the dismissal because the President, in terms of the Constitutional prerogative, has powers and functions. When you look at Section 91.2, he has the right to appoint and dismiss the deputy president, the ministers, as well as deputy ministers.' 'So, I accept the dismissal by the President and I take it positively, and I feel I have been honoured to have been entrusted with such a huge responsibility to lead the Department of Higher Education and Training, and post-school education and the training system entirely.' 'I think I'm a better version of myself than when I came, and I've learned a lot of things.' Nkabane was under fire regarding the appointments of the controversial SETA board chairpersons. The cabinet reshuffle follows growing scrutiny of Nkabane's role in what MPs have described as a 'misleading' explanation to Parliament about the SETA board appointment process. Video Player is loading. Play Video Play Unmute Current Time 0:00 / Duration -:- Loaded : 0% Stream Type LIVE Seek to live, currently behind live LIVE Remaining Time - 0:00 This is a modal window. Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Advertisement Next Stay Close ✕ Ad Loading The appointments included individuals closely linked to the African National Congress (ANC), such as Buyambo Mantashe, son of Mineral Resources Minister Gwede Mantashe, and Dube-Ncube. On Tuesday, IOL News reported that the Portfolio Committee on Higher Education found no formal panel was involved in appointing SETA board chairpersons, contradicting Nkabane's earlier claims. Nkabane previously told Parliament that an 'independent panel' chaired by Advocate Terry Motau oversaw the appointments. Motau, along with others named as panel members, including Nkabane's chief of staff, Nelisiwe Semane, and adviser Asisipho Solani - denied any involvement. All testified that no formal meeting or discussion regarding the appointments had taken place. Ramaphosa has since appointed Buti Manamela, one of Nkabane's deputies, as the new minister of Higher Education and Training. Former KwaZulu-Natal Premier Dr. Nomusa Dube-Ncube was named deputy minister. Nkabane added, 'But what is very disturbing, that I think I must as well speak about, is that there is a perception that I lied in Parliament. I was looking forward to this day so that I could clear my name.' 'I prepared nicely, files, appointment letters, and everything to prove to myself that I did not lie in Parliament. I am a professional. I am an academic. There's no way I can risk my reputation by lying in Parliament. 'I wanted to go to Parliament and clear my name today, having all the evidence that I followed due processes to make sure that systems are in place. But when the dust has settled, I will get an opportunity to clear my name,' Nkabane added. Meanwhile, Members of Parliament (MPs) said they are considering calling Nkabane, in her capacity as a private member, to explain what led her to appoint ANC-linked members to the controversial SETA boards. IOL Politics
IOL News
10-07-2025
- General
- IOL News
Navigating the higher education crisis: The struggle for university access in South Africa
The aspirations of countless South African matriculants face a daunting reality as limited university placements leave many without options, highlighting the critical need for systemic reform in the higher education landscape. Image: IOL / Ron AI After 12 years of schooling, many bright-eyed matriculants dream of furthering their education, often aspiring to be the first in their family to attend a tertiary institution. However, despite overcoming challenging socio-economic conditions, many are left behind or forced to find alternative paths to economic freedom due to the scarcity of university placements, as there are fewer universities than the number of qualifying matric pupils each year in South Africa. According to a report in January, 19 universities received 4.2 million applications for just over 131,000 first-year places. It stated that after a record 337,158 matriculants achieved admission to Bachelor studies, there were only 202,000 first-year places across all 26 universities. Video Player is loading. Play Video Play Unmute Current Time 0:00 / Duration -:- Loaded : 0% Stream Type LIVE Seek to live, currently behind live LIVE Remaining Time - 0:00 This is a modal window. Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Advertisement Next Stay Close ✕ Ad loading According to the Department of Higher Education and Training's June release, the 2023 Post-School Education and Training (PSET) system in South Africa consisted of 365 institutions. These included 26 public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), 131 private HEIs, 50 TVET colleges, 149 registered private colleges, and 9 CET colleges. The target in the National Development Plan (NDP) is 1.6 million enrolments by 2030. To expand university access in Mpumalanga and the Northern Cape, the Department established the University of Mpumalanga and Sol Plaatje University, both enrolling students in 2014. Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University enrolled its first students in 2015. Prof Andre Keet of Nelson Mandela University, Deputy Vice-Chancellor of Engagement and Transformation and research chair for Critical Studies in Higher Education Transformation, stated that the need for more universities in South Africa isn't straightforward. 'The growth in private higher education (HE) is also very noticeable; and the country should rather work towards an integrated public/private HE system that serves the socio-economic aspirations of our entire country and responds to the major challenges we are facing, including constrained growth and youth unemployment,' he said. Currently, Keet said there are two universities in the pipeline, including the University of Policing and Crime Detection in Hammanskraal, and the University for Science and Innovation in Ekurhuleni. According to Keet, the solution is not simply a matter of building new universities, but fixing the entire post-school education and training sector with a particular focus on the TVET sector. 'We should invest time, energy, and resources in generating a sense of status, prestige, and quality for and within TVET institutions to attract top staff and academically worthy students ... This should be our main focus,' he said. South Africa should have a diverse, healthy, and functioning ecosystem of public and private post-school institutions that respond to both the vast needs of school leavers and applicants, and the socio-economic development imperatives of the country and its people, he said. Keet said that more students aspire to attend universities rather than TVET colleges, which is unsustainable and undesirable. 'The current throughput rate of TVETs is low (below 50%); and the unemployment rate of TVET graduates is high … this brings into question the quality,' he said. For many South Africans, getting a university education is an opportunity to break the cycle of poverty. Parents want their children to do better than they did. Asked if it is important to build more universities, Keet said: "Yes, education certainly is key … that is why the entire sector should and is expanding, but the TVET sector should expand the fastest to respond to skills shortages, contribute to economic growth, and address challenges such as youth unemployment.' He said building more universities during a time when the government is turning South Africa into 'a construction site' should be informed by what the data and evidence is telling us. 'Simply on this score, TVET and community colleges and other colleges and training entities should receive the same attention as universities; and not be regarded as lesser types of institutions. That is, the ideal would be to have a quality TVET sector that surpasses the university sector,' said Keet. Dr Linda Meyer, managing director of IIE Rosebank College in South Africa, and president of Rosebank International University College in Ghana, agreed that South Africa must adopt a blended and pragmatic approach to higher education expansion. Meyer said public universities alone cannot meet national demand under current fiscal constraints. She highlighted the well-regulated, expanding private sector's exclusion from state funding, infrastructure grants, and national bursaries, which hinders equity and growth, and stressed that policy reform, including the National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS) funding for students at accredited private institutions, is vital. Meyer said the 2023 NSC examination saw 572,983 full-time candidates, with 278,814 qualifying for Bachelor's degree study, 182,056 for Diplomas, and 111,612 for Higher Certificates. 'This means over half a million learners were eligible for entry into the post-school education system. However, the public university sector could accommodate only approximately 208,299 first-time entering students in 2023, leaving well over 360,000 qualified learners without placement,' said Meyer. Compounding this issue, Meyer said the PSET report confirmed that available spaces at public universities have declined due to ongoing budget constraints, despite a growing school-leaving population. She said enrolment growth has plateaued, and the report explicitly notes that funding shortfalls have limited the ability of public universities to expand infrastructure or academic staff capacity. In comparison, South Africa's Gross Tertiary Enrolment Ratio (GTER) stands at just 24.3%, significantly below the global average of 40%, and well behind the upper-middle-income average of 52.2%, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2023. 'If South Africa is to meet the National Development Plan (NDP) target of 1.62 million higher education enrolments by 2030, systemic expansion is not optional—it is essential,' said Meyer. Meyer further stated that socio-economic inequality remains the most pressing contextual factor. Public universities are concentrated in urban centres, leading to under-provision and affordability issues in rural provinces like Limpopo, the Northern Cape, and parts of the Eastern Cape, impacting access, she said. Meyer emphasised that too few universities result in lost opportunities for excluded matrics, leading to significant long-term social and economic consequences. She said SA's youth unemployment rate remains among the highest globally, standing at over 60% for those aged 15–24. The 2023 PSET report also indicates that enrolments in TVET colleges have declined slightly over the last reporting cycle, further narrowing available options for school leavers, she said. In South Africa, where 55.5% of the population lives below the upper-bound poverty line, access to higher education remains a critical enabler of social mobility and economic empowerment, she noted. 'University education has consistently been linked to higher levels of employment, greater income security, and increased civic participation,' said Meyer. The International Labour Organisation (ILO) reported in 2023 that individuals with tertiary education in emerging economies can expect to earn 70% to 100% more over their lifetimes compared to those with less education. According to the Quarterly Labour Force Survey for Q1 2025, the unemployment rate among graduates is 11.7%, significantly lower than the general youth unemployment rate of 62.1% for those aged 15–24. Meyer said this stark contrast underscores the protective effect of tertiary education against long-term labour market exclusion. 'It is also essential to recognise that higher education is not limited to Bachelor's degrees. For many students, particularly those from under-resourced schools and historically marginalised communities, Higher Certificates and Diplomas offer accessible and credible entry points into post-school learning and employment,' she said. Meyer said if South Africa is to break the cycle of intergenerational poverty, we must invest in institutions, both public and private, that offer a diverse range of qualification pathways. Meyer said this is the optimal moment to foreground higher education infrastructure within the broader context of national investment. The government's National Infrastructure Plan 2050 prioritises investment in energy, transport, and digital infrastructure, but education must be recognised as an equally strategic domain. As hubs of innovation, research, and regional economic development, universities are long-term infrastructure investments with compounding societal returns, she stated. 'A coordinated and well-regulated public–private investment framework could unlock new campuses, decentralised learning hubs, and digital infrastructure capable of reaching rural and marginalised populations,' she said. Deputy Minister of Higher Education and Training, Buti Manamela, recently declared Community Education and Training (CET) the "soul of inclusive" education in South Africa during his budget vote speech. Manamela said CET is the bridge between learning and livelihood, between survival and opportunity, especially for those left behind by the formal education system. 'We will roll out e-learning platforms across all CET Centres to bridge the digital divide, and we will pilot blended learning models in partnership with universities and TVET colleges. We are finalising plans with provincial governments to repurpose over 200 unused schools and community buildings into vibrant, modern CET learning spaces—because education cannot be the preserve of urban centres alone,' said Manamela. Manamela said the 2025/26 budget commits R1 billion to CET infrastructure upgrades, with a focus on digital labs, accessible classrooms, and community-linked centres of learning. 'We will roll out skills programmes in 100 rural and township communities, placing women and youth at the centre of our skills revolution.' The Department of Higher Education was approached for comment but did not respond.
Daily Maverick
06-07-2025
- Politics
- Daily Maverick
Principled protest or performative politics? The DA's budget vote and the real risks to higher education
On 3 July 2025, Parliament debated and voted on the budget allocation for the Department of Higher Education and Training. At face value, it was a routine step in the national fiscal calendar. In reality, it became a stage for a high-stakes political performance — one in which the Democratic Alliance (DA), a key player in the newly formed Government of National Unity (GNU), chose to oppose the Higher Education budget vote, citing Minister Nobuhle Nkabane's alleged misconduct in Sector Education and Training Authority (Seta) appointments and misrepresentation to Parliament. The DA's decision may appear principled. After all, allegations of dishonesty in the appointment of public officials are serious and should be investigated with the gravity they deserve. But when weighed against its broader actions — supporting the Appropriation Bill, backing the Divisions of Revenue Bill, and remaining firmly embedded in the GNU — its opposition begins to look more like a carefully choreographed act than a genuine stand for accountability. A convenient dissonance This dissonance is at the heart of the matter. The DA claims it cannot, in good conscience, support a budget administered by a minister it deems untrustworthy. Yet it supports the very bills that enable that same budget to exist. It lays criminal charges, stages high-profile appearances at police stations, and calls for dismissals — all while continuing to co-govern with the very figures it accuses. It denounces cadre deployment but offers little clarity on how it would democratise governance without retreating into technocracy. In a rare and probably never to be seen moment of striking clarity, EFF MP Sihle Lonzi captured the contradiction during the parliamentary debate succinctly: the DA was not voting against the budget for moral reasons — it was engaging in political theatre. It wanted to protest against the firing of its own deputy minister more than it wanted to reform the education system. This is not to diminish the need for transparency or integrity in higher education governance. If our minister misled Parliament or failed to act within ethical and procedural norms, she must account. The principle of accountability must apply equally and without political convenience. But it is precisely because of the gravity of these principles that they should not be deployed as tactical weapons in what has become a rapidly unravelling unity experiment. The real stakes: students, workers and institutions What gets lost in this posturing are the very real consequences for students, workers, and institutions. The 2025/26 budget vote allocated: R96-billion to universities. R14-billion to Technical and Vocational Education and Training colleges. 7-billion to the National Student Financial Aid Scheme — supporting millions of poor and working-class students. It included resources to refurbish Giyani College, build new campuses in mining towns, and expand Centres of Specialisation in TVETs. It committed funds for student housing, campus safety, and infrastructure upgrades in a sector strained by overcrowding, underfunding, and social unrest. Opposing this budget, not for its content but to symbolically target the minister, is not just disingenuous — it is dangerous. It delays service delivery, unsettles institutions already grappling with instability, and undermines the very transformation the DA claims to support. And it does so without offering a credible alternative. Is the DA suggesting that the budget be collapsed and re-tabled under another minister? That students be denied allowances until the political clean-up is complete? That Technical and Vocational Education and Training expansions wait until internal GNU tensions are resolved? This is the risk of performative opposition: it prioritises narrative over necessity. Judicial luxuries and democratic realities There's also a class dimension to this moment. Helen Zille's symbolic march to the police station, dragging her party MP to lay charges, was intended to show resolve. But it also unintentionally revealed a deep inequality in access to justice. How many of the students who rely on this budget have the same legal recourse? How many workers on underfunded campuses can march their grievances into the same institutions with the same certainty of being heard? The DA's self-image as a party of clean governance must confront this paradox: the performance of moral superiority can, at times, obscure the impact of its own decisions. Opposing a budget that funds student meals, campus safety, housing, and worker wages cannot be the righteous act it is presented to be. From symbolism to substance If the DA wishes to be taken seriously as a party of national leadership, it must learn to distinguish between principled dissent and symbolic sabotage. South Africa needs opposition that strengthens governance, not that undermines service delivery for spectacle. It must not fall into the trap of simple-minded populism: governing with one hand while campaigning with the other. At the same time, the GNU cannot become a fragile house of mirrors — one where parties selectively engage depending on which faction is being challenged. Unity must not mean uniformity, but nor can it survive hypocrisy. If this coalition is to endure and serve the nation meaningfully, its members must honour both accountability and responsibility. There is space for critique, investigation, and reform — but there is no space for empty performance when the stakes are this high. There is no theatre more dangerous than that which mistakes its script for reality. South Africa's higher education system is not a stage — it is a lifeline. It deserves more than posturing. It deserves principled, pragmatic governance. That is what students, workers, and our national development agenda demand. Anything less is a betrayal. DM
IOL News
26-06-2025
- General
- IOL News
Frustrated students rally against NSFAS funding delays
A group of students from universities and TVET colleges marched to the Department of Higher Education and Training to protest delayed NSFAS funding and to express their grievances. Image: Oupa Mokoena / Independent Newspapers A group of students from universities and TVET colleges took to the streets yesterday to express their frustrations over delayed funding from the National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS), despite previous promises from the Department of Higher Education and Training and NSFAS to address the issues. Accompanied by activists and concerned citizens, students marched to the department's offices in Pretoria, expressing ongoing frustration over delayed funding. The march follows a similar protest last month by students at Tshwane University of Technology, who demanded that the department and NSFAS take immediate action to address delayed funding. Kemogelo Masike, national president of the South African Students Federation, said students staged the march due to their anger and frustration with the NSFAS and the department. Video Player is loading. Play Video Play Unmute Current Time 0:00 / Duration -:- Loaded : 0% Stream Type LIVE Seek to live, currently behind live LIVE Remaining Time - 0:00 This is a modal window. Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Advertisement Video Player is loading. Play Video Play Unmute Current Time 0:00 / Duration -:- Loaded : 0% Stream Type LIVE Seek to live, currently behind live LIVE Remaining Time - 0:00 This is a modal window. Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Next Stay Close ✕ 'We have written countless emails, memorandums of concerns to the Department of Higher Education and Training. We have also met personally with the executives at NSFAS. We have relayed our concerns but until today those issues are not resolved. Burning concerns pertain to defunding our students. Our students are defunded and many have been wrongfully discharged of their allowances. Many are evicted from their residences,' he said. He added that students are particularly infuriated by the prospect of incurring historic debt starting from the 2026 academic year. 'We propose that the Minister (Dr Nobuhle Nkabane) must at least allocate 50% of her budget to the tuition funds of these students so that, come the 2026 academic year, they are not affected,' he said. Vincent Makamu, former SRC president of the University of Limpopo, questioned the NSFAS's decision not to pay service providers, saying that the entity itself introduced the system. 'We have been demonstrating about these things for years now and they are just not ready to go and deliver what they want to deliver. Or maybe they are just not willing to deliver. We can't come today and do the fight that we did three years back. It means they are not competent themselves,' he said. Thivhudziwi Vele, chief director for programmes and qualifications for TVET, received the memorandum of demands and promised to respond, stating that a public acknowledgement would be issued confirming receipt of the document.
IOL News
25-06-2025
- General
- IOL News
Students rally against NSFAS funding delays, highlighting financial hardships
A group of students from universities and TVET colleges marched to the Department of Higher Education and Training to protest delayed NSFAS funding and to express their grievances. Image: Oupa Mokoena / Independent Newspapers A group of students from universities and TVET colleges took to the streets on Wednesday to express their frustrations over delayed funding from the National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS), despite previous promises from the Department of Higher Education and Training and NSFAS to address the issues. Accompanied by activists and concerned citizens, students marched to the department's offices in Pretoria, expressing ongoing frustration over delayed funding. The march follows a similar protest last month by students at Tshwane University of Technology, who demanded that the department and NSFAS take immediate action to address delayed funding. Kemogelo Masike, national president of the South African Students Federation, said students staged the march due to their anger and frustration with the NSFAS and the department. Video Player is loading. Play Video Play Unmute Current Time 0:00 / Duration -:- Loaded : 0% Stream Type LIVE Seek to live, currently behind live LIVE Remaining Time - 0:00 This is a modal window. Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Advertisement Video Player is loading. Play Video Play Unmute Current Time 0:00 / Duration -:- Loaded : 0% Stream Type LIVE Seek to live, currently behind live LIVE Remaining Time - 0:00 This is a modal window. Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Next Stay Close ✕ He said students at universities and TVET colleges across the country are currently writing exams without receiving financial support from the government through NSFAS. 'We have written countless emails, memorandums of concerns to the Department of Higher Education and Training. We have also met personally with the executives at NSFAS. We have relayed our concerns but till today those issues are not resolved. Burning concerns pertain to defunding our students. Our students are defunded and many have been wrongfully discharged of their allowances. Many are evicted from their residences,' he said. He added that students are particularly infuriated by the prospect of incurring historic debt starting from the 2026 academic year. 'We propose that the Minister (Dr Nobuhle Nkabane) must at least allocate 50% of her budget to the tuition funds of these students so that, come the 2026 academic year, they are not affected,' he said. Vincent Makamu, former SRC president of the University of Limpopo, questioned the NSFAS's decision not to pay service providers, saying that the entity itself introduced the system. He emphasised that universities have been around for a long time, implying that this issue should have been resolved earlier. 'We have been demonstrating about these things for years now and they are just not ready to go and deliver what they want to deliver. Or maybe they are just not willing to deliver. We can't come today and do the fight that we did three years back. It means they are not competent themselves,' he said. Thivhudziwi Vele, chief director for programmes and qualifications for TVET, received the memorandum of demands and promised to respond, stating that a public acknowledgement would be issued confirming receipt of the document.
