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Time Business News
25-04-2025
- Lifestyle
- Time Business News
Lapis Jewelry: a Bit of Paradise to Your Collection
Because historical instances, lapis lazuli has been a stone of fascination, precious for its deep blue hue and mystical electricity. From the palaces of Mesopotamia to the tombs of Egyptian pharaohs, this rich blue gemstone has symbolized royalty, know-how, and fact. Today, Lapis Jewelry continues to captivate with its heavenly splendor and religious attraction, making it a need to-have for any jewelry collection. In this article, we'll discover the records, beauty, and modern-day attraction of lapis jewelry and display you why Lapis Jewelry and other portions are ideal additions to elevate your style. Lapis lazuli is greater than only a quite stone—it's a piece of records. First mined over 6,000 years ago inside the mountains of Afghanistan, lapis lazuli used to be utilized by ancient civilizations like the Sumerians, Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans. Cleopatra famously used beaten lapis as eyeshadow, whilst Renaissance painters floor it to create the pricey ultramarine pigment in their art. Lapis jewelry used to be worn by means of royalty and religious leaders, believed to offer safety, beautify mind, and convey spiritual enlightenment. Its storied beyond adds a layer of importance to every piece made these days. What makes Lapis jewelry so captivating is its deep, celestial blue often accented with tiny flecks of golden pyrite. This beautiful contrast resembles a night time sky full of stars, evoking a experience of calm and surprise. Every stone is specific—no two lapis gemstones are exactly the identical, adding exclusivity to every item crafted. Whilst polished, lapis lazuli has a easy, wealthy end that makes it ideal for a wide variety of jewelry patterns—from ambitious statement pieces to minimalist designs. A few of the many forms of lapis jewelry, Lapis stand out as both elegant and symbolic. Whether or not set in gold, silver, or paired with diamonds, a lapis ring carries a timeless beauty and depth. These Jewelry are frequently selected no longer only for their aesthetic attraction however additionally for the spiritual importance they keep. Lapis lazuli is related to the 1/3 eye and throat chakras, believed to beautify readability, conversation, and self-recognition. Wearing a Lapis Ring can serve as a each day reminder to talk your reality and stay aligned along with your inner know-how. Statement Necklaces massive lapis pendants or bead necklaces are perfect for those who want their Jewelry to face out. The bold blue commands attention and pairs beautifully with neutral tones or contrasting shiny clothes. Dainty jewelry For a greater subtle yet enthralling look, lapis—whether or not studs or small drop styles—offer a pop of coloration and beauty. The stone's herbal sparkle makes even the smallest portions shine. Timeless Bracelets From beaded strands to cuff bracelets with inlaid stones, lapis makes a sturdy but sophisticated declaration at the wrist. It can be worn by myself or layered with different metals and gemstones for a present day appearance. Heirloom-high-quality Lapis Jewelry As previously cited, lapis are flexible and timeless. Whether or not worn as a ambitious cocktail ring or an regular accent, they mixture beautifully with vintage and contemporary fashion alike. Lapis Rings isn't always just some other quite addition—it consists of with it a mix of splendor, thriller, and purpose. With its royal blue hue and gold specks, it may supplement a huge variety of outfits and patterns. On the identical time, its metaphysical homes make it a meaningful preference for mindful individuals. Lapis is thought to encourage creativity, improve self-expression, and offer emotional recuperation. Sporting Lapis jewelry or different pieces can subtly support your private increase journey even as raising your appearance. Though lapis lazuli is relatively long lasting, it is a softer stone compared to diamonds or sapphires. Here's the way to care for your Lapis Jewelry: avoid harsh chemical substances: Perfumes, family cleaners, or even acidic skin can harm the floor. store well: hold lapis pieces separate from tougher stones to prevent scratches. smooth gently: Use a soft, damp cloth. keep away from ultrasonic or steam cleaners. dispose of before hard activities: start out your Lapis Jewelry whilst doing heavy chores or workout to prevent damage. The deep blue of lapis complements an inequality of skin tones. It seems especially placing towards honest and medium complexions and contrasts superbly with darker tones. Pair it with whites, lotions, and grays for a complicated appearance, or put on it with oranges and rusts for a ambitious fashion assertion. whether or not you're choosing a piece for daily put on or a special event, there is a piece of Lapis to be able to in shape perfectly into your dresser and life-style. in case you're searching for something one-of-a-kind, reflect onconsideration on having a custom Lapis Ring made. Jewelers can design Jewelry that mirror your persona, from minimalistic present day bands to elaborate antique settings. You can select your steel, the structure of the stone, or even contain different gems for a customized creation. custom portions also make heartfelt items—perfect for birthdays, anniversaries, or milestones. Lapis Jewelry makes an unforgettable gift. whether or not you are shopping for for a friend, partner, or yourself, it incorporates a message of love, loyalty, and awareness. It's a considerate present that goes past fabric value, reflecting the recipient's particular energy and spirit. Lapis Jewelry specially are intimate and effective, making them ideal for enormous events like birthdays or commitments. Lapis rings is in reality a piece of paradise—radiating beauty, history, and soulful electricity. whether you're just beginning to build your jewelry collection or looking to upload a completely unique gem to your trove, lapis lazuli offers timeless beauty with a deeper which means. From breathtaking Lapis to beautiful necklaces and jewelry, every piece crafted with this gemstone tells a tale and makes a statement. discover the magic of lapis for your self, and permit your fashion shine with a piece of the sky. TIME BUSINESS NEWS
Shafaq News
24-04-2025
- Science
- Shafaq News
Archaeological Armageddon: Climate change threatens Iraq's unexcavated history
Shafaq News/ The ruins of ancient cities lie cracked and crumbling under the scorching sun. Dust storms sweep across ziggurats older than the pyramids. In Iraq — the cradle of civilization — history is not just being forgotten; it's being erased. From the marshes of Sumer to the walls of Babylon (Babil), climate change is now the greatest threat to a heritage that once shaped the modern world. As heat intensifies and water disappears, the birthplace of writing, law, and astronomy faces a quiet, devastating extinction. A Race Against Time Iraq ranks among the top five countries most affected by climate extremes, according to the United Nations. Soaring temperatures, intensified sandstorms, prolonged droughts, and rising soil salinity are accelerating the destruction of the country's archaeological wealth. Ahmed Al-Elyawi, spokesperson for Iraq's Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Antiquities, told Shafaq News that 'Extreme weather now poses direct and serious risks to antiquities,' a threat significant enough to prompt both national and international conferences focused on preservation. 'Without urgent and coordinated action, the physical legacy of Mesopotamia may be lost to time — before it is fully uncovered or understood.' A Vast but Vulnerable Legacy Iraq's 15,000 known archaeological sites reflect an unmatched timeline of human history, from the Sumerians to the Abbasids. Yet fewer than 10% have been excavated due to decades of conflict, underfunding, and a lack of infrastructure. These ruins — ziggurats, palaces, temples, canals — are not just cultural symbols; they are scientific archives essential to understanding the origins of urban life. 'What lies beneath is just as valuable as what we see on the surface,' said Amer Abdul-Razzaq, a leading Iraqi archaeologist. 'And both are threatened.' Climate's Toll on Ancient Structures The impact of environmental extremes is tangible. Exposed mudbrick structures like Ur and Babylon, built from sun-dried bricks, are crumbling under intense heat and UV radiation. The Ministry of Culture's Climate Change Committee has documented damage caused by fluctuating humidity and rising salinity. 'Subsurface sites are threatened by increasing soil salinity, especially in the alluvial plains of southern Iraq, where more than 15,000 unexcavated sites remain,' said Muntasir Sabah Al-Hasnawi, the committee's head. Dust storms, which now sweep across Iraq nearly 300 days a year in some regions, are burying sites that had already been excavated. 'Strong winds form dunes that have buried several excavated sites, especially in desert regions where most ancient cities are located,' Abdul-Razzaq warned. Marshlands on the Brink Nowhere is the crisis more visible than in the southern marshlands — a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2016. These wetlands, once tied to the Sumerians, are drying due to climate change, upstream damming, and drought. 'Marshland areas like Al-Chibayish, Hawizeh, and Al-Hammar are suffering from severe drought and water shortages,' Abdul-Razzaq added, noting that the shrinking wetlands also threaten tourism and local livelihoods. Preservation Plans Face Major Gaps According to Al-Elyawi, Iraq's Ministry of Culture has organized field assessments, workshops, and joint initiatives with the environment and water ministries. 'We have put forward many recommendations in partnership with neighboring countries to confront the severe challenges to Iraq's archaeological heritage,' he said. However, experts say implementation has been slow. Al-Hasnawi emphasized that 'we need scientific strategies and significant financial resources to mitigate damage,' including green belts, improved drainage, and climate-adaptive coatings. But field teams still lack modern tools, and preservation budgets remain limited. 'We have the plans, but not the tools,' Al-Hasnawi admitted. A Global Responsibility Despite rising awareness, Iraqi experts are calling for broader support. Abdul-Razzaq criticized current preservation efforts as inadequate and urged greater funding from the federal government. 'Desertification is not just turning farmland into sand — it is swallowing our past,' he said. 'The loss is silent, but it is happening every day.' Specialists recommend a multi-pronged strategy: accelerate excavation and digital documentation using drones and 3D scanning; build physical protections around vulnerable structures; and, most crucially, integrate cultural preservation into Iraq's broader climate policy. Al-Hasnawi and Abdul-Razzaq both agree that without international funding and technical expertise, even the best local efforts will fall short.
Arab News
20-04-2025
- Arab News
National museums vital for celebrating Arab cultural heritage
National museums serve as repositories of our collective memories, preserving the fascinating stories and civilizational achievements of the Arab world across millennia. The Arab world was home to a constellation of ancient civilizations, from the Sumerians, Babylonians and the Egyptian pharaohs to the Phoenicians, Nabateans and Islamic empires. Their legacies in terms of language, trade, architecture, horticulture, music, sciences, medicine and the arts continue to influence the ways in which we live, think and create. There is growing excitement around cultural institutions today, not only as repositories of artifacts but as vibrant spaces where the arts shape cultural identities and inspire new forms of creativity. In July, the Grand Egyptian Museum, located a mile north of the Pyramids, will officially open. It will be the largest museum in the world dedicated to a single civilization. Containing more than 100,000 artifacts, many of them on public view for the first time, it will offer a sweeping narrative of Egypt's astounding ancient history, which spans 700,000 years. Beyond its main galleries, the museum unfolds into a tapestry of rooms containing a wealth of attractions, from the world of the children's museum to serene outdoor gardens and vibrant cafes, restaurants and specially curated shops. Visitors can marvel at many priceless artifacts, including the Hanging Obelisk, a colossal 3,200-year-old statue of the pharaoh Ramesses II, the Victory Stele of King Merneptah and the statues of a Ptolemaic king and queen. This year, we will also welcome the long-awaited opening of the Zayed National Museum in Abu Dhabi, a tribute to the life and legacy of the late Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al-Nahyan, founder of the UAE. Within its galleries, visitors will be able to trace the richness of Emirati history and culture, from the earliest human presence in the area, some 300,000 years ago, to the present day. In Riyadh, the National Museum of Saudi Arabia continues to evolve as a dynamic cultural landmark. Other cities, including Doha, Manama and Muscat, have also established national museums that reflect the vibrant heritage of their nations. More than simply cultural powerhouses and repositories of history, museums increasingly function as vibrant economic engines. The Smithsonian Institution in Washington, for example, contributes significantly to the local economy through tourism, research and education. Louvre Abu Dhabi, which opened in 2017, is a relatively young museum but has already become a cornerstone of the UAE's cultural-tourism strategy, attracting millions of visitors each year. The region's existing museums, many of which hold extraordinary collections, are ripe for global branding and exposure. Sara Al-Mulla The region's treasures continue to fascinate cultural institutions worldwide and, although these institutions are geographically distant from the origins of many of their exhibits, they attract global audiences eager to connect with the rich tapestries of civilizations from the Middle East and North Africa. For instance, the British Museum in London — renowned for its extensive collections of objects from the MENA region, including significant Islamic artifacts — attracted about 6.5 million visitors in 2024. Across the Channel, the Louvre in Paris attracted 8.7 million visitors in 2024, with entire wings dedicated to Islamic and Egyptian art. New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art, which displays masterpieces from Mesopotamia, Egyptian art and Islamic art, welcomed more than 5.5 million visitors during the fiscal year that ended on June 30, 2024. It is essential that we carry this storytelling journey forward, honoring the richness of our heritage and evolving our story. And yet, across the MENA region, cities steeped in millennia of history remain conspicuously absent from the global constellation of cultural institutions. Despite centuries of human civilization, many of their most significant artifacts remain scattered in museums around the world or, in some instances, undiscovered, neglected or limited in exposure. As such, it is vital that governments in the MENA region bolster their investments in national museums. Economically, they attract cultural tourism, support creative industries and enterprises, and create jobs. Culturally, they celebrate and help to reclaim our rich heritage, while also elevating civic pride. And historically, they function as essential custodians of collective memory, ensuring that the sheer beauty of MENA civilizations is not only preserved but presented in novel and engaging ways. Establishing and supporting national museums in cities across the region requires a multilayered approach that combines vision, investment and strategic partnerships. Governments can begin by financing the development of world-class infrastructure, while also leveraging public-private partnerships to bring in corporate sponsors, philanthropists and international cultural foundations. Governments can also establish national acquisition funds dedicated to the enrichment of museum collections through the addition of significant local and regional works. It is also advantageous to establish repatriation units that can help recover key artifacts housed abroad, starting with a series of curated and meaningful exhibitions. As such, the creation of a regional museum alliance could help pave the way for shared exhibitions, research and the development of resources to highlight the unique cultural voices of the Arab world and ensure that there are active platforms for education and engagement. At the same time, the region's existing museums, many of which hold expansive and extraordinary collections, are ripe for global branding and exposure. Equally vital is a creative workforce to spearhead all this work. Partnerships with global cultural institutions could help build the expertise of Arab museologists, curators and conservators. Additionally, sustained investment is needed to support scholarly research and high-quality publications, which deepen the understanding of museum collections and illuminate the discussions around the region's historical and cultural treasures. Moreover, institutions could benefit immensely from reinventing their visitor experiences, especially with the advent of emerging technologies in this realm. This could translate into curatorial innovation, multilingual storytelling, digitization, online platforms and immersive programming that engages both local audiences and international visitors. To broaden public access and pique global interest, national museums should digitize their collections to make key artifacts and exhibitions available through virtual platforms. Through such initiatives and collaborations, museums in the MENA region can position themselves as dynamic centers of heritage. By establishing or revitalizing national museums, we will be amplifying our voices as we promote the region's unique, rich and marvelous historical and cultural legacies. • Sara Al-Mulla is an Emirati civil servant with an interest in human development policy and children's literature. She can be contacted at
Shafaq News
18-02-2025
- Politics
- Shafaq News
Religion in Iraq: Heritage of civilization or a catalyst for conflict?
Shafaq News/ In Iraq, where civilization first took root, religion has long been a defining force, shaping its culture, politics, and identity. For millennia, the sacred and the secular have been deeply intertwined, leaving a legacy as rich as it is complex. From the towering ziggurats of Mesopotamia to Baghdad's intellectual and artistic zenith during the Islamic Golden Age, faith has both united communities and, in modern times, fueled divisions. Ancient Foundations: Birth of Religious Legacy Iraq's historical narrative is inseparable from its religious traditions. Long before the advent of Islam, the region—once known as Mesopotamia—witnessed the rise of some of the world's earliest civilizations. The Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians established city-states and empires that left an indelible mark on human culture. Their religious practices, characterized by polytheism and elaborate ritualistic worship, laid the foundations for law, literature, and governance. Temples were not only centers of devotion but also hubs of economic and administrative activity, demonstrating the early integration of religious authority with statecraft. Historian Ali Al-Nashmi noted that 'the emergence of these ancient cultures was deeply intertwined with their religious worldview. The dynamic evolution of Mesopotamian beliefs—as communities grew, interacted, and sometimes clashed—set a precedent for a rich tapestry of religious thought. ' When Islam emerged in the 7th century, it encountered a land steeped in a history of religious pluralism. The arrival of Islam did not erase this legacy; rather, it merged with existing traditions to create an environment ripe for cultural and intellectual innovation. The Islamic Golden Age in Baghdad, marked by unparalleled scholarly collaboration among Muslims, Christians, Jews, and other communities, further enriched this legacy. In that era, religious devotion and scientific inquiry coexisted and even reinforced one another, leaving a lasting imprint on global intellectual history. Modern Struggles: Sectarian Conflict in Post-2003 Despite its illustrious past, the role of religion in modern Iraq has grown increasingly ambivalent—especially following the US-led invasion in 2003. The dismantling of Saddam Hussein's Baathist regime created a power vacuum that exacerbated preexisting sectarian divisions between Sunni and Shia communities. What began as political and administrative disarray soon escalated into a brutal sectarian conflict. Armed factions, organized along religious lines, emerged as powerful forces and extremist groups like ISIS exploited these fractures to advance their own agendas. Political leaders on both sides began to mobilize their constituencies by invoking religious rhetoric, deepening divides that had long lain dormant. This period of intense sectarian strife resulted in widespread violence, massive loss of life, and the displacement of countless communities. The deep scars left by these conflicts continue to shape the social fabric of Iraq. Each sect, increasingly viewing the other as not only a political adversary but also a religious rival, struggles to reconcile the once pluralistic legacy of Iraqi society with the harsh realities of modern sectarian politics. Rights activist Sara Jassim, speaking to Shafaq News, underscored that 'religion in Iraq is not merely a spiritual practice but a fundamental component of our national identity, influencing social values, interpersonal relationships, and even political decisions.' However, she warned that the politicization of religion for narrow political gains threatens to erode the very foundation of Iraqi society. For many, the longing for the days of religious coexistence and intellectual collaboration stands in stark contrast to the current atmosphere of division and conflict. Political Framework: Sectarian Power-Sharing in Post-Saddam One of the most defining features of modern Iraqi politics is the system of sectarian power-sharing established in the aftermath of Saddam Hussein's fall. The 2005 constitution introduced a framework in which political power is distributed among Shia, Sunni, and Kurdish communities—reflecting Iraq's complex demographic mosaic. This arrangement was intended as a safeguard to ensure that no single group could monopolize national governance, thereby promoting a measure of stability in a deeply divided society. While the power-sharing model has succeeded in preventing large-scale violence by ensuring representation for all major communities, it has also inadvertently reinforced sectarian identities. Critics argue that the emphasis on sectarian quotas has entrenched divisions and made it difficult to forge a unified national identity. Political rivalries and disputes—particularly over resource allocation such as oil revenues and federal budget distributions—further exacerbate these fissures. Proponents of the current system contend that it is a necessary compromise in a country with deep historical divides, as it provides a platform for all groups to voice their concerns and participate in governance. Yet, the challenge remains: how to evolve beyond a strictly sectarian framework and foster a cohesive national identity that transcends religious labels. Voices for Balance: Reclaiming True Essence of Religion Amid these complex challenges, several voices within Iraqi society are advocating for a balanced approach that honors the country's rich religious heritage while rejecting its exploitation for political ends. Rights activist Ahlam Salman argued that 'the primary challenge facing Iraq today is not the diversity of religious beliefs, but rather the exploitation of that diversity for political gain.' Salman called for policies that respect religious pluralism and prioritize citizenship over sectarian affiliation, asserting that only by fostering a culture of dialogue and inclusiveness can Iraq hope to overcome its divisions. Islamic scholar Sheikh Haider Al-Tamimi offered a similarly nuanced perspective. While he acknowledged that Islam provides a comprehensive ethical framework centered on compassion, justice, and social responsibility, he contended that its core teachings are often distorted to serve divisive agendas. Al-Tamimi stressed that the true essence of Islam should promote 'unity and mutual respect, rather than exacerbate societal rifts,' urging both religious leaders and political figures to return to the foundational values of the faith—a call that resonates with many who believe that Iraq's historical legacy of tolerance and collaboration can still serve as a guiding light for the nation. Toward a Unified Future: Harnessing Iraq's Rich Heritage The future of religion in Iraq hinges on the nation's ability to transform its rich cultural and religious heritage into a force for national unity rather than division. This requires a multifaceted approach that involves political reform, educational initiatives, and robust civil society engagement. Political leaders must strive to depoliticize religious symbols and rhetoric, ensuring that religious identity enhances rather than undermines national cohesion. Educational curricula that incorporate Iraq's diverse religious and cultural history can help foster a sense of shared identity among all citizens, while platforms for interfaith dialogue are essential for building mutual understanding and respect. Economic reforms are also crucial. Addressing systemic challenges—such as corruption, resource mismanagement, and economic disparities—can help alleviate some of the grievances that often fuel sectarian conflict. By promoting transparency, accountability, and equitable resource distribution, Iraq can reduce the reliance on divisive political narratives and create a more stable environment in which its diverse communities can thrive. Furthermore, religious institutions and civil society organizations must play an active role in this transformation. Historically, religious institutions in Iraq have been custodians of cultural heritage and mediators in times of social conflict. Today, many religious leaders are calling for renewed interfaith dialogue and cooperative initiatives that transcend sectarian boundaries. Civil society organizations, through educational programs and community outreach, can support these efforts by promoting values of tolerance, inclusion, and mutual respect. In answering the question—Is religion in Iraq a pillar of civilization or a catalyst for conflict?—the answer lies in the collective will of its people and their leaders. By embracing its diverse heritage and channeling it into a unifying force, Iraq can transform its ancient legacy into a roadmap for a peaceful, inclusive, and prosperous future.
Yahoo
10-02-2025
- Health
- Yahoo
Healing touch: 7 plants that could hold the key to the future of medicine
Humans have utilized plants in medicine for thousands of years. As a matter of fact, the Sumerians were the first to record their use of medicinal plants on a clay slab about 5,000 years ago. This ancient artifact even includes 12 recipes for drug preparation involving over 250 different plants. But they were not the only ones. The Egyptians also explored the benefits of medicinal plants, using them extensively in their treatments and rituals. They carefully wrote down nearly 850 of these remedies in what is today considered one of the oldest surviving medical texts—the Ebers Papyrus. The document, which dates back to 1550 BC, even offered treatments for everyday ailments like aches and pains by using willow bark, the precursor to aspirin. As medicine evolved over centuries, scientists experimented with active compounds of various plants, leading to their incorporation into many widely used drugs today. For instance, quinine—an alkaloid derived from the bark of the cinchona tree—became a crucial treatment for malaria. The opium poppy, in turn, provided morphine, a powerful narcotic analgesic. Even metformin, a widely used type 2 diabetes medication, traces its origins to the French lilac plant. Yet, with nearly 400,000 plant species on Earth, and around 31,000 of them known to have at least one recorded use, it's impossible to predict which species will aid the next major medical breakthrough. Could it lie hidden in the Amazonian rainforest? Or is it perhaps growing in someone's backyard? From the Madagascar periwinkle to South America's dragon's blood, here are seven plants that could revolutionize the future of medicine. The Madagascar periwinkle, also known as the rosy periwinkle, is a small flowering plant that grows as a herb or compact shrub. Native to the island of Madagascar, this plant has long been valued for its medicinal properties. Historically, local fishermen and sailors chewed its leaves to suppress hunger and combat fatigue during long journeys. It was also used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes and infections. However, its true pharmaceutical potential was revealed in the 1950s when researchers discovered its powerful cancer combating properties. They then developed two key drugs from the periwinkle extract, vinblastine and vincristine, which are now used in chemotherapy for leukemia and in the treatment of Hodgkin'ss disease. As research progresses, scientists remain hopeful that more of the Madagascar periwinkle's active compounds could unlock future, more potent medical advancements. A study identified new indole alkaloids from this plant including catharoseumine, 14′,15′-didehydrocyclovinblastine, 17-deacetoxycyclovinblastine, and 17-deacetoxyvinamidine, which have successfully stopped the growth of human cancer cells in vitro. Hailing from the Amazonian rainforest and spread all across Brazil, Bolivia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, And Peru, Croton lechleri is an evergreen tree that grows up to 39 feet tall. Commonly referred to as 'dragon's blood' this tree is best known for its distinctive deep red latex, which seeps out when the bark is cut. The blood-like sap, which is rich in bioactive compounds such as taspine and proanthocyanidins, has been valued for centuries in traditional medicine. Indigenous peoples of South America traditionally used it to treat various forms of diarrhea, including cholera, as well as insect bites, viral infections, inflammation, and wounds. A study from the American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology shows that Croton lechleri possesses significant therapeutic potential for gastrointestinal disorders, by promoting the healing of gastric ulcers and diarrhea. According to a different research, its leaves, bark, and sap are also of pharmaceutical interest for their potential antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor traits. Ginkgo, also known as the maidenhair tree, is a unique gymnosperm species endemic to China. It is regarded as a 'living fossil' because it has remained nearly unchanged for over 290 million years, dating back to the Permian period. Its nuts and leaves have been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly to treat heart and lung conditions, but also for depression and low sexual function. In recent years, Ginkgo has widely been studied for its potential cognitive benefits, as its leaves contain powerful compounds such as terpene lactones—ginkgolides and diterpenes—and ginkgo flavone glycosides ginkgetin, bilobetin, and sciadopitysin. These are believed to prevent memory loss, improve circulation by dilating blood vessels and reducing blood viscosity, and alleviate symptoms of asthma and other inflammatory respiratory conditions like COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease). A study published in Frontiers in Microbiology shows that Ginkgo seed extracts also have antibacterial properties, helping fight pathogens that cause skin conditions like acne, psoriasis, dermatitis, and eczema. "To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the antibacterial activity of ginkgo seeds on skin pathogens," Cassandra Quave, PhD, a dermatology expert and senior author of the study, revealed in a statement. Native to Central Asia, Cannabis has been utilized for medicinal, recreational, and industrial purposes for thousands of years. Some of its historical uses include treating rheumatism, epilepsy and even managing sexually transmitted diseases. The reason for its diverse application is that it contains cannabinoids—tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD)—a group of active compounds that interact with the system and regulate pain, inflammation, and mood. Ongoing research suggests CBD may help lower blood pressure, treat anxiety and gastrointestinal disorders, prevent seizures, and fight cancer. A recent study published in Pain, has revealed that Cannabis sativa terpenes—small hydrocarbon compounds that give plants their aroma and taste—proved as effective as morphine in alleviating chronic neuropathic pain. When combined, the two analgesics provided even greater pain relief without any adverse effects. "What we found is that terpenes are really good at relieving a specific type of chronic pain with side effects that are low and manageable," said John Streicher, PhD, a professor of pharmacology at the College of Medicine-Tucson and lead researcher in a statement. Originating from the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, turmeric was valued as a bitter digestive and a carminative, aiding digestion and reducing bloating, in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine. Known for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective properties, turmeric contains the active compound curcumin, which has been studied for its potential to manage chronic conditions like arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and even several types of cancer. A 2023 study has shown that a natural compound in turmeric may be just as effective as omeprazole, a common acid-reducing drug, in relieving indigestion symptoms. In addition, using photodynamic therapy alongside curcumin has proven effective in reducing parasite load and even eliminating Leishmania parasites, which are spread by the bite of infected sandflies. Commonly known as green chiretta or creat, Andrographis is a bitter-tasting annual plant native to South Asian countries, predominantly India and Sri Lanka. A significant medicinal plant in the Indian Ayurvedic system, it is utilized to treat many health conditions, including common colds, osteoarthritis, and ulcerative colitis. Its main components are flavonoids, polyphenols, and diterpenoids, with andrographolide being the most abundant and bioactive compound. In addition to its primary uses, it is also valued in the treatment of various ailments, including liver disorders, fever, jaundice, and digestive issues. Experts suggest it may have the potential to be used as a supplementary therapy for cardiovascular diseases. Research published in the journal Carcinogenesis shows that when used alongside chemotherapy, Andrographis—also referred to as the 'King of Bitters'—has the potential to transform the treatment of chemotherapy-resistant colorectal cancer. Boswellia is a resin-producing tree known for providing Indian frankincense. It's native to India, Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula. Aside from being commonly used in aromatherapy and religious ceremonies, it's also an integral part of Ayurvedic medicine. Due to their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immune-boosting properties, gum-resin extracts from Boswellia have been used to treat various chronic inflammatory conditions. Its extracts have been shown to effectively alleviate symptoms of asthma and irritable bowel syndrome, while also proving highly beneficial in treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, and other inflammatory diseases. This is due to the presence of boswellic acids in the tree's resin, which are known to block inflammatory pathways, making it a promising natural remedy. "The resin from the trunk of Boswellia trees contains anti-inflammatory substances," Oliver Werz, PhD, a professor at the Friedrich Schiller University Jena in Germany explains in a statement. Research also suggests that Boswellia can enhance clinical cognitive scores, reduce systemic inflammation, and significantly improve learning and memory deficits in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.
