Latest news with #autoimmune
BBC News
a day ago
- Health
- BBC News
Ramsay returns after month out with mystery virus
Richie Ramsay is looking forward to "having that purpose again" after being "floored" by a mystery virus that ruled the Scot out of his last three 41-year-old, who suffers from an ongoing autoimmune issue, was away from all things golf for around four weeks after he took unwell following the Hainan Classic in missing tournaments in Turkey, Belgium and Austria, the Aberdonian will return to action at this week's KLM Open in Amsterdam."I picked up some viral issue and it has kind of knocked me for six," Ramsay told BBC Scotland. "My immune system is a little bit compromised and, whatever it was, floored me. "Pain, shivers, especially in your muscles, no energy, a lot of time in bed and it got to the point where I couldn't shift whatever it was, so I managed to get on something that made me feel better."Ramsay, who is a four-time winner on the DP World Tour, explained that he would normally be in the gym during breaks from the tour."That still feels like it fulfils your purpose and gives you that dopamine hit with the exercise," he said. "I'm looking forward to getting back, having that purpose again and that competitive edge."However, Ramsay is taking travelling as a professional golfer with an autoimmune issue all in his stride."It is not really a big deal, I have just got to manage it," he added. "I have got an underlying issue, which is more common than you would think."It just means that sometimes my immune system isn't as strong as other people's, so with regards to that, I just need to be even more wary of what I do and how I take care of myself."
Medscape
6 days ago
- General
- Medscape
Advocating for Consistent Health Plan Coverage for Vitiligo
Anxiety, depression, social isolation, and stigma are the daily struggles of people living with vitiligo. Yet coverage of prescribed medication is often denied under the rationale that the condition is 'cosmetic.' The problem persists for Medicaid and TRICARE recipients in particular and varies by state. Klint Peebles, MD Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease in which patients' immune systems destroy melanocytes, causing depigmented or white patches of lesions on the skin. While vitiligo is visible, it is hardly a cosmetic condition, because its negative effects are more than skin deep. Given its high visibility, many patients with vitiligo experience social stigma, low self-esteem, and discrimination. Across all age groups, vitiligo can cause significant insecurity and fear of social rejection, which can lead to social withdrawal and feelings of isolation. The impact of the disease can be even more profound in cultural contexts that idealize uniform, consistent pigmentation. Studies have found that vitiligo has significant negative psychosocial impacts, with patients experiencing higher rates of anxiety, depression and social isolation. The wide range of negative health effects warrants classification of vitiligo as a medical condition deserving of proper treatment. Vitiligo is associated with other medical conditions and physiologic effects. Studies have found that around 20% of patients with vitiligo have other autoimmune conditions, such as thyroid disorders, type 1 diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis, among others. And because patients' immune systems attack melanocytes in the retina, uvea, and cochlea, patients also can experience vision and hearing loss. Medicaid Challenges 'Part D drugs indicated for the treatment of…vitiligo are not considered cosmetic,' the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' (CMS) Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit Manual clearly states. But although vitiligo is correctly classified as a progressive autoimmune condition by CMS, many patients continue to be denied coverage for their treatment because of discrepancies at the state level. At least 11 states have Medicaid plans classifying vitiligo as a cosmetic condition, which prevents patients from accessing the medications they need. Seven states (Arizona, Hawaii, Iowa, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, and Virginia) have formal exclusion policies that deny coverage of the first US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved vitiligo treatment, whereas providers in Alabama, North Dakota, South Dakota, and West Virginia have received letters of denial for Medicaid coverage of treatments. In fact, only 20 states have policies explicitly stating that they cover vitiligo treatments. The discrepancy in classification between CMS and state Medicaid services directly blocks patients from accessing treatment and further compounds disparities in the vitiligo community. TRICARE Challenges TRICARE, the government health program for active service members, retirees, and their families, also fails to correctly classify vitiligo as a medical condition. The approach does not align with CMS and other government health agencies' classification. In contrast, the Blue Cross Blue Shield Federal Employee Program and the Department of Veterans Affairs correctly classify the disease and provide their beneficiaries access to vitiligo treatments. The Department of Veterans Affairs even provides veterans with vitiligo a 10% disability rating, placing further emphasis on the severity of the impact of vitiligo on a patient's overall health and ability to function. Inconsistencies are all the more troubling because new treatment options could offer patients relief. The FDA recently approved topical ruxolitinib for treating nonsegmental vitiligo, the first and only drug approved for vitiligo. Repigmentation with treatment not only reduces the risk for skin cancer but also alleviates the psychological burden of having visible discolored skin patches. Yet, TRICARE's formulary lists this medication as a 'non-formulary drug' based on the incorrect perception that the drug serves only cosmetic use. The only way beneficiaries can access this medication is by submitting forms for prior authorization and proof of medical necessity. What Dermatologists, Other Healthcare Providers, and Patients Can Do There are many ways in which physicians and other healthcare providers can advocate for individuals impacted by vitiligo. First, it is essential to engage with the policymaking process, encouraging legislation and insurance coverage provisions that classify vitiligo appropriately as a medical condition (ie, as a chronic autoimmune disorder) rather than a cosmetic concern. In addition, physicians can work across organized medicine and with regulatory agencies to ensure that evidence-based standards are promoted and amplified. In all of these contexts, physicians can participate in public hearings, testifying about the psychosocial impact of vitiligo and the need for better treatment options and high-quality research. Moreover, inclusive research should be encouraged such that diverse patient populations are appropriately represented. It is also essential to advocate for the creation of standardized treatment protocols to help improve patient outcomes. Finally, physicians can participate in broader educational efforts, ensuring that others are aware of the impact of vitiligo and dispel misinformation about the condition. It is also crucial to partner with patients in advocacy groups, nonprofits, and awareness campaigns. By engaging with the regulatory and policy spaces, physicians can compel systemic changes that lead to higher-quality care, access, improved treatment options, and reduced stigma. The Derma Care Access Network (DCAN) recently sent letters to CMS and TRICARE urging them to correct these issues. Medical professionals and patients can also take action by contacting their state's Medicaid Director and the DHA's TRICARE Pharmacy Operations Division and urging them to address these problems. Until health policymakers and regulators standardize the definition of vitiligo as a medical condition, treatment barriers will continue to present a challenge for Medicaid patients and service members living with vitiligo. Dr Peebles is a board-certified dermatologist at Kaiser Permanente, Washington, DC, and suburban Maryland, a member of the editorial board of the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (JAAD), co-chair of JAAD's Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Work Group, vice chair of the American Medical Association Dermatology Section Council, and chair of the AAD Access to Dermatologic Care Committee and Basic Dermatology Curriculum Work Group. Dr Peebles is also on the board of directors and is the advocacy committee chair of the Medical Society of the District of Columbia, and a member of the Medical Advisory Board for Derma Care Access Network (DCAN).
Yahoo
6 days ago
- Business
- Yahoo
Immunic, Inc. Announces Pricing of Oversubscribed $65 Million Underwritten Public Offering
NEW YORK, May 29, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Immunic, Inc. ("Immunic" or the "Company") (Nasdaq: IMUX), a biotechnology company developing a clinical pipeline of orally administered, small molecule therapies for chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, today announced the pricing of an underwritten public offering of (i) pre-funded warrants to purchase shares of common stock (the "Pre-Funded Warrants"), (ii) series A warrants to purchase shares of common stock (or pre-funded warrants) (the "Series A Warrants"), and (iii) series B warrants to purchase shares of common stock (or pre-funded warrants) (the "Series B Warrants"). The combined public offering price of one Pre-Funded Warrant, one Series A Warrant, and one Series B Warrant, which are being sold together but are immediately seperable, is $0.7499. The Pre-Funded Warrants will be immediately exercisable, and may be exercised at any time after their original issuance. The Series A Warrants will be immediately exercisable any time before December 31, 2025. The Series B Warrants will be exercisable beginning on October 1, 2025, or earlier if certain thresholds are met, until five years from the date of issuance. The Series A and B Warrants will immediately expire in proportion to the extent that the corresponding pre-funded warrant offered hereby is exercised on or prior to September 30, 2025, subject to certain exceptions. All securities in the offering are being sold by Immunic. The initial gross proceeds from the offering are expected to be approximately $65 million before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. The Company may receive up to an aggregate of $130 million of additional gross proceeds if the Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants are exercised in full for cash. The offering is expected to close on or about June 3, 2025, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. The Company intends to use the net proceeds received from the proposed offering to fund its clinical trials and operations and for other general corporate purposes. Leerink Partners is acting as the sole bookrunner for the offering. B. Riley Securities and Brookline Capital Markets, a division of Arcadia Securities, LLC, are acting as co-managers and William Blair & Company, L.L.C. is acting as financial advisor to the Company. The offering is being made by Immunic pursuant to a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-275717) previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on November 22, 2023, which became effective on May 31, 2024. The offering is being made only by means of a prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus that form a part of the registration statement. A final prospectus supplement relating to the offering will be filed with the SEC and will be available on the SEC's website at Copies of the final prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus relating to the offering, when available, may be obtained by contacting Leerink Partners LLC, Syndicate Department, 53 State Street, 40th Floor, Boston, MA 02109, or by telephone at (800) 808-7525 ext. 6105, or by email at syndicate@ This press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of, these securities in any state or jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of such state or jurisdiction. About Immunic, Inc. Immunic, Inc. (Nasdaq: IMUX) is a biotechnology company developing a clinical pipeline of orally administered, small molecule therapies for chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The Company's lead development program, vidofludimus calcium (IMU-838), is currently in phase 3 clinical trials for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis, for which top-line data is expected to be available end of 2026. It has already shown therapeutic activity in phase 2 clinical trials in patients suffering from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and progressive multiple sclerosis. Vidofludimus calcium combines neuroprotective effects, through its mechanism as a first-in-class nuclear receptor related 1 (Nurr1) activator, with additional anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects, by selectively inhibiting the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). IMU-856, which targets the protein Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), is intended to restore intestinal barrier function and regenerate bowel epithelium, which could potentially be applicable in numerous gastrointestinal diseases, such as celiac disease as well as inflammatory bowel disease, Graft-versus-Host-Disease and weight management. IMU-381, which currently is in preclinical testing, is a next generation molecule being developed to specifically address the needs of gastrointestinal diseases. Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains "forward-looking statements" that involve substantial risks and uncertainties for purposes of the safe harbor provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this press release regarding strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected expenses, sufficiency of cash and cash runway, expected timing, development and results of clinical trials, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. Examples of such statements include, but are not limited to, statements relating to consummation of the proposed offering, Immunic's development programs and the targeted diseases; the potential for vidofludimus calcium to safely and effectively target diseases; preclinical and clinical data for vidofludimus calcium; the feasibility of advancing vidofludimus calcium to a confirmatory phase 3 clinical trial in progressive multiple sclerosis; the timing of current and future clinical trials and anticipated clinical milestones; the nature, strategy and focus of the Company and further updates with respect thereto; and the development and commercial potential of any product candidates of the Company. Immunic may not actually achieve the plans, carry out the intentions or meet the expectations or projections disclosed in the forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Such statements are based on management's current expectations and involve substantial risks and uncertainties. Actual results and performance could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including, without limitation, increasing inflation, tariffs and macroeconomics trends, impacts of the Ukraine – Russia conflict and the conflict in the Middle East on planned and ongoing clinical trials, risks and uncertainties associated with the ability to project future cash utilization and reserves needed for contingent future liabilities and business operations, the availability of sufficient financial and other resources to meet business objectives and operational requirements, the fact that the results of earlier preclinical studies and clinical trials may not be predictive of future clinical trial results, any changes to the size of the target markets for the Company's products or product candidates, the protection and market exclusivity provided by Immunic's intellectual property, risks related to the drug development and the regulatory approval process and the impact of competitive products and technological changes, the Company's ability to close the proposed public offering, and the risk that warrants issued in this offering will not be exercised for cash in the future. A further list and descriptions of these risks, uncertainties and other factors can be found in the section captioned "Risk Factors," in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2025, and in the Company's subsequent filings with the SEC. Copies of these filings are available online at or Any forward-looking statement made in this release speaks only as of the date of this release. Immunic disclaims any intent or obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that exist after the date on which they were made. Immunic expressly disclaims all liability in respect to actions taken or not taken based on any or all of the contents of this press release. Contact Information Immunic, BreuVice President Investor Relations and Communications+49 89 2080 477 US IR ContactRx Communications GroupPaula Schwartz+1 917 633 7790immunic@ US Media ContactKCSA Strategic CommunicationsCaitlin Kasunich+1 212 896 1241ckasunich@ View original content to download multimedia: SOURCE Immunic, Inc. Error in retrieving data Sign in to access your portfolio Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data
Medscape
7 days ago
- Health
- Medscape
Bone Metabolism in Celiac Disease
When most people think of celiac disease (CD), they understandably associate it with digestive system problems such as bloating, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. The chronic autoimmune disorder, characterized by an abnormal immune response to gluten — a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye— leads to damage of the small intestine when people with the disorder consume gluten. This intestinal damage causes uncomfortable digestive symptoms associated with the disease, but it also affects a very different system: the skeletal system. This is because CD impairs absorption of essential nutrients, including calcium and vitamin D — two nutrients crucial for maintaining bone health. As a result, individuals with CD are at an increased risk for developing metabolic bone diseases, such as osteomalacia, low bone density, and osteoporosis. Thus, prompt diagnosis of the condition, which affects approximately 1%-2% of the global population, is crucial in order to prevent these bone consequences. This also highlights the need for bone screening in those found to have the disease. Importantly, a significant number of patients with CD may present without the classic gastrointestinal symptoms, instead exhibiting extraintestinal manifestations, including bone loss. An impact on bone health has been reported in individuals with CD across a range of ages, including children. Postmenopausal women with the condition are at heightened risk due to associated estrogen deficiency, which further compromises bone density. Older adults with CD are also more vulnerable as bone mass naturally declines with age and is further exacerbated by malabsorption-related deficiencies. Regional studies indicate that the prevalence of CD-associated osteoporosis is particularly high in Europe and North America. A Danish study reported that the risk of major osteoporotic fractures is increased by 37% and of any fractures by 27% in patients with CD. The pathophysiology of bone disease in CD is multifactorial. The intestinal damage caused by the condition results in the malabsorption of vitamin D, which plays an essential role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis and in promoting optimal conditions for bone mineralization. Vitamin D deficiency is common in untreated CD and drives bone loss and can cause osteomalacia — a condition characterized by softening of bones. In children with CD, severe vitamin D deficiency with reduction in phosphate levels can cause rickets. Further, impaired calcium absorption and hypocalcemia triggers secondary hyperparathyroidism— a compensatory increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion aimed at restoring serum calcium levels. PTH stimulates osteoclast activity, leading to increased bone resorption and, ultimately, a deterioration in bone microarchitecture. Thus, bone impairment may occur even when serum calcium levels appear normal. Systemic inflammation also plays a critical role. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-1 and -6 are elevated in CD and are known to directly stimulate osteoclastogenesis. These cytokines promote bone resorption and interfere with bone formation, further skewing the balance toward bone loss. Hormonal disturbances may contribute to bone disease in CD. Women with CD may experience menstrual irregularities, such as amenorrhea or early menopause, resulting in decreased estrogen levels, a hormone critical for bone preservation. In men, a condition of reversible androgen resistance may occur, reducing the anabolic effects of testosterone on bone. Together, these hormonal imbalances can significantly impair bone density. In light of these risks, it is important to promptly screen patients for CD when they have symptoms suggestive of this condition, or in some patients with vitamin D deficiency who do not respond to usual vitamin D replacement doses, or in situations where a diagnosis of low bone density is made for unrelated reasons, to prevent to prevent long-term complications, including bone disease. The preferred initial screening test in patients suspected to have CD and consuming a gluten-containing diet is the tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies (tTG-IgA) test accompanied by total serum IgA (to rule out IgA deficiency). If IgA concentrations are low, an IgG based test is indicated. A positive serologic test should be followed by endoscopic duodenal biopsy, which can confirm the diagnosis through findings such as increased intraepithelial lymphocytes, crypt hyperplasia, and villous atrophy. However, the biopsy may not be necessary if the tTG-IgA antibody titer is 10 or more times the upper limit of normal. Human leukocyte antigen testing is sometimes necessary in patients with suspected CD. Importantly, diagnostic procedures must be conducted while the patient is still consuming gluten, as high antibody titers and endoscopic findings resolve on a gluten-free diet. The European Society for the Study of Celiac Disease recommends that, upon diagnosis, individuals aged 30-35 or older with CD undergo bone mass density (BMD) testing using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), particularly if there is evidence of malabsorption, if the diagnosis is delayed, or if there are other concerning risk factors for low bone density. DXA scans should be repeated every 5 years if the initial scan was normal, or every 2-3 years if the initial scan revealed low bone density or for ongoing risk factors for low bone density. The American College of Gastroenterology also recommends DXA screening for low bone density in CD. Children with CD, similarly, should be screened with a DXA scan when there are risk factors for low bone density. Calcium, vitamin D, alkaline phosphatase and PTH levels should be checked at diagnosis and monitored annually (or more frequently in the case of children) until they return to normal. The cornerstone of treatment for CD is strict, lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD). Eliminating gluten from the diet allows the intestinal mucosa to heal, leading to improved nutrient absorption and a reduction in systemic inflammation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that adherence to a GFD can significantly improve BMD, with notable changes observed within the first year of dietary compliance. The American Gastroenterological Association emphasizes the critical role of the GFD in both gastrointestinal recovery and the prevention of complications like osteoporosis. In addition to the GFD, patients with CD should receive calcium and vitamin D supplementation to address deficiencies and support bone health. The Canadian Family Physician guidelines recommend routine supplementation and monitoring to ensure optimal levels. Regular BMD assessments are advised as previously discussed to detect early signs of bone loss and monitor the effectiveness of interventions. Physical activity, particularly weight-bearing exercises, is encouraged as it helps to stimulate bone formation and enhance skeletal strength. Patients should be encouraged to participate in weight-bearing (bone loading) exercises, resistance training, limit alcohol intake, and avoid cigarette smoking. In severe cases of osteoporosis, antiresorptive medications such as bisphosphonates may be considered. However, evidence supporting their use specifically in CD patients is limited, and such treatments should be tailored to individual needs. Bone disease is a common and potentially serious complication of CD, often arising from a combination of malabsorption, inflammation, and hormonal imbalances. Early detection and comprehensive management — including implementation of a gluten-free diet, nutritional supplementation, and optimal physical activity, along with routine BMD screening — are vital to preserving bone health and preventing long-term complications in individuals with CD.
Health Line
28-05-2025
- General
- Health Line
9 Multiple Sclerosis Facts You Should Know
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic condition that currently does not have a cure. Over 1.8 million people worldwide live with MS. Symptoms vary from person to person but can include numbness, tingling, slurred speech, and vision problems. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease, which means it affects your nerves. It's also an autoimmune disease. This means your body's defenses against disease malfunction and start attacking your own cells. With MS, your immune system attacks your body's myelin, which is a protective substance that covers your nerves. The unprotected nerves are damaged and can't function as they would with healthy myelin. The damage to the nerves produces a wide range of symptoms that vary in severity. Read on for some key facts you should know about MS. 1. MS is a chronic condition Multiple sclerosis is a chronic condition, which means it's long lasting, and there's no cure for it. That said, it's important to know that for most people who have MS, the disease is not fatal. The World Health Organization reports that more than 1.8 million people worldwide live with MS. Research indicates that people with MS will typically have an average life expectancy similar to people who do not have MS. Research also suggests that a rare few may develop complications so severe that their life expectancy may be negatively affected. Although MS is a long-term condition, medications and lifestyle adjustments are helpful in managing most of its symptoms. 2. MS affects younger adults, and often women The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) reports that though healthcare professionals diagnose MS in children and older adults, those affected typically receive a diagnosis between ages 20 and 40 years. When a person over age 50 receives a diagnosis, it's usually called late-onset MS. Older adults sometimes have a more difficult time finding a diagnosis due to other, age-related conditions with similar symptoms. The National MS Society reports that women are three times more likely than men to be diagnosed with MS. 3. MS can be difficult to diagnose MS can be challenging to diagnose. Symptoms and single tests may not be enough to definitively diagnose MS. MS shares symptoms with a number of other conditions, making pinpointing the source harder. Multiple tests to rule out other possible causes of the symptoms are usually required, including: blood tests neurological exams magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visual evoked potential (VEP) test spinal fluid analysis optical coherence tomography (OCT) 4. MS symptoms vary The list of possible MS symptoms is long. It includes numbness and tingling, vision problems, balance and mobility issues, and slurred speech. There's no such thing as a 'typical' symptom of MS because each person experiences the disease differently. The same symptoms may come and go frequently, or you may regain a lost function, such as bladder control. The unpredictable pattern of symptoms has to do with which nerves your immune system attacks at any given time. 5. MS involves relapse and remission Most people who seek treatment for MS go through relapses and remissions. Remission is a period in which your relapsing symptoms improve. A remission can last for weeks, months, or, in some cases, years. But remission does not mean you no longer have MS. MS medications can help reduce the chances of developing new symptoms, but they do not cure MS. Symptoms will likely return at some point. 6. There's a cognitive side to MS The damage MS does to your nerves can also affect your critical thinking and other cognitive (mental) skills. It's not uncommon for people with MS to have problems with memory and finding the right words to express themselves. Other cognitive effects can include: inability to concentrate or pay attention impaired problem-solving skills trouble with spatial relations (knowing where your body is in space) Cognitive problems can sometimes lead to frustration, depression, and anger. These are typical reactions that your doctor can monitor and help you manage. 7. MS is a silent disease MS is labeled as a 'silent disease' or an ' invisible illness.' Many people with MS look no different from someone without it because some of the symptoms, such as blurred vision, sensory problems, and chronic pain, aren't visible. However, someone with MS may need special accommodations even if they don't have mobility issues and seem fine. MS is also called a silent disease because even during remission, the disease still progresses. This is sometimes referred to as the 'silent progression' of MS. 8. It helps to stay cool Doctors recommend that people with MS stay cool whenever possible. Heat intolerance is a common problem and often causes an exacerbation of symptoms. Unlike people who don't have MS, heat intolerance doesn't just mean experiencing discomfort because of high heat — it's a temporary worsening of MS symptoms. You might experience a spike of symptoms from: hot weather or sun exposure fever or illness hot baths or showers overheating from exercise Use fans and air conditioning, cool drinks, and icy compresses to keep cool. Wear layers of lightweight clothing that are easy to remove. A cooling vest can also help. It's important to note that although you may have a relapse that's heat-related, hot temperatures do not cause MS to progress more quickly. 9. Vitamin D plays a role Research indicates a link between vitamin D and MS. The nutrient may protect against MS, and it may lead to fewer relapses in people who already have the disease. Researchers note that more research is needed to better understand the relationship between vitamin D and MS. Sunlight triggers the production of vitamin D in your body, but sun exposure can also lead to heat-induced symptoms. Other sources of vitamin D can include fortified milk, orange juice, and certain breakfast cereals. Cod liver oil, swordfish, salmon, tuna, and eggs are also natural food sources of vitamin D.
