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What To Know About Israel's Major Expansion of Settlements in Occupied West Bank

What To Know About Israel's Major Expansion of Settlements in Occupied West Bank

Israeli Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich has announced that "22 new settlements" will be established in the West Bank. Some already exist as outputs, but will be made legal under Israeli law, whilst others will be entirely new settlements.
The politician called it a 'historic decision,' adding: 'We have succeeded in creating a profound strategic change, returning the State of Israel to a path of construction, Zionism, and vision. Settlement in the land of our ancestors is the protective wall of the State of Israel.'
Defense Minister Israel Katz said that the move 'anchors our historical right in the Land of Israel, and constitutes a crushing response to Palestinian terrorism,' adding that it is 'a strategic move that prevents the establishment of a Palestinian state that would endanger Israel.'
It is believed that two of the settlements will be Homesh and Sa-Nur, villages in the West Bank that were evacuated in 2005 as part of Israel's disengagement plan from Gaza, in which all Israeli settlers withdrew from the Strip.
Thursday's announcement has gained criticism from international lawmakers. British politician Hamish Falconer, the Minister for the Middle East and North Africa, said that 'the U.K. condemns these actions.'
In a post on X, Falconer said that the approval of these settlements "is a deliberate obstacle to Palestinian statehood" and that "settlements are illegal under international law, further imperil the two state solution, and do not protect Israel."
The Jordanian Foreign Ministry said in a statement, originally posted in Arabic, on X: 'This is a flagrant violation of international law and international humanitarian law, and a clear violation of the inalienable right of the Palestinian people to establish their independent, sovereign state.'
Israeli activist group Peace Now has also heavily condemned the expansion. In a statement published on May 29, the organization said: "The Israeli government no longer pretends otherwise, the annexation of the occupied territories and expansion of settlements is its central goal.'
Peace Now maintains that this is the biggest expansion of settlements in the West Bank since the Oslo Accords were signed in 1993. These accords were seen as hope of a potential route towards peace and a two-state solution, which has since diminished.
According to Peace Now, nine of the settlements will be completely new, one is an already established community, and 12 are outposts and farms that will now be recognized as official settlements.
What is the legality of Israel expanding its West Bank settlements?
Israeli settlements in the West Bank are widely considered to be in violation of international law. The West Bank is defined by the United Nations as under Israeli military occupation, after it took control of the territory, as well as Gaza and East Jerusalem, in 1967 after the Six-Day War.
According to Article 49 of the Fourth Geneva Convention, 'the occupying power shall not deport or transfer parts of its own civilian population into the territory it occupies.'
However, Israel considers itself to be the administrative power, not an occupier. It administers the territory as Israel's 'Judea and Samaria Area.' Therefore, any Israeli settlements in the West Bank are not deemed illegal under Israeli law.
The growth of the West Bank settlements
As of December 2024, there were 529,455 Jewish settlers living in the West Bank, spread across 141 settlements. The West Bank is also home to roughly three million Palestinians who live in pockets administered by the Palestinian Authority. Under Israeli rule, Palestinian residents must pass through the Israeli checkpoints they have access to, in order to move throughout the West Bank.
Israeli settler movement to the West Bank and the expansion of communities has accelerated since the start of the Israel-Hamas war in October 2023. A U.N. Human Rights Office report found that between November 2023 and October 2024, construction plans were put in place for over 10,300 new housing units within existing Israeli settlements.
The report stated: 'Dozens of unauthorised roads have been paved by settlers and the army around settlements and outposts, helping to connect them while blocking Palestinians' movement and enabling further seizure of their land.'
This rise in the settler population in the West Bank has been coupled with an increase in violence towards Palestinians. Between Jan. 1, 2024, and April 30, 2025, at least 616 Palestinians, including 115 children, had been killed by settlers or the Israeli military according to the U.N. Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Aid (OCHA).
In the same period, OCHA recorded 1,936 incidents of violence towards Palestinians, with 41,272 being displaced in the West Bank. These trends have been on the rise since 2020.

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Israel's plan to ‘conquer' Gaza is leaving Palestinians with little place to go: 5 maps show how

Even before Israel's war in Gaza started, the territory was one of the most densely populated places on the planet, described by United Nations officials as an 'open-air prison.' Now, Israeli forces are expanding their operations, cramming the population into an ever-shrinking patch of land. Israel's latest military offensive, named 'Gideon's Chariots,' aims to finally 'conquer' the territory, as one government minister put it. Almost 80% of the enclave has come under evacuation orders or been designated as a militarized zone since March 18 when Israel broke its ceasefire with Hamas, according to the UN. Since then, Israel has a declared policy – backed by the US – to encourage resettlement of Gaza's residents. As part of the 'intensified operation,' Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said the whole population of Gaza – around 2 million people – will be displaced to the south of the 140 square-mile territory. 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At least 31 evacuation orders have been issued by Israeli forces since March 18 this year covering large areas of the strip, sometimes at the rate of two a day. As a result, an estimated 600,000 people in Gaza have been displaced in that time (this figure includes people who may have been displaced multiple times), according to the United Nations-led Site Management Cluster. Evacuation orders aren't necessarily permanent, but Israel has not stated how long they are active. CNN has asked the Israeli military if the orders expire and how that information is shared with people in Gaza but has not received a reply. In northern Gaza, these orders have recently been accompanied by instructions to move south, despite ongoing attacks there too. This week, the Israeli military issued evacuation orders for most of southern Gaza with directives to head toward the Al-Mawasi area, ahead of what its spokesperson said would be an 'unprecedented attack.' Aid groups have criticized the use of these directives, branding them as confusing, often inaccurate and overly reliant on an internet connection which most people in Gaza only have intermittent access to. The delivery mechanism is varied, with some receiving text messages or phone calls ahead of an attack, while for others the first sign is incoming Israeli fire. On the ground, Gaza no longer looks familiar to residents, with most landmarks destroyed or damaged, including shops, trees and roads, making it much more difficult to navigate. In order to move around, people need to pass through heavily militarized checkpoints, usually on foot. 'There's no place for my children and me to sleep, and I don't know what to do,' Iman Al Agha, a mother of six who said she was forced out of the northern city of Beit Lahia when Israeli quadcopters started shooting at her and her family, told CNN last week. 'I've been on the street with my children for three days, and I can't find a place to settle,' she said. 'I wish for death at any moment. I don't know what to do with my children or where this life will take us. There is no solution.' Since Israel launched its war in Gaza following Hamas' deadly October 2023 attacks, Gazans have been displaced an average of six times – some up to 19 times – according to the Danish Refugee Council. For many, repeated displacement means reliving the trauma of generations uprooted by what Palestinians call al-Nakba, or 'the catastrophe,' when roughly 700,000 Palestinians fled or were expelled from their homes in historic Palestine, during the creation of Israel in 1948. Most of the remaining areas that are not under evacuation orders or militarized are heavily damaged. A assessment by the CUNY Graduate Center found 60% of buildings are destroyed while the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) said 92% of homes have either been damaged or destroyed. According to the UN Satellite Centre, 68% of roads are also damaged, which adds to the complications of transporting aid around the strip. Of the agricultural land, a report published in the Journal of Science of Remote Sensing found around 80% of tree crops — such as olives and fruit trees — are likely damaged, as well as 65% of greenhouses used to grow food such as tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and strawberries. The FAO has also reported that all cropland in Rafah, and nearly all cropland in the northern governorates are not accessible. Al-Mawasi, where many people have been instructed to go by the Israeli military, is a narrow coastal strip in southern Gaza. Once rural farmland, by February it was the most populated area in Gaza with an estimated 116,000 people, almost 6% of the enclave's population, displaced there, according to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. Sufficient shelter is now incredibly scarce in Gaza. Omar Alsaqqa, a Gaza resident who works for aid group Médecins Sans Frontières in Khan Younis, said in a statement provided to CNN that there are no tents left and no space for people to set up. 'I don't know what to answer when colleagues ask me where they can go with their children in the middle of the night. We are running out of options to stay alive,' he said. Nada Siyam, a displaced woman who gave birth in her tent in Gaza City last week, told CNN that there isn't even a bed for her newborn, Eid, to sleep on. 'My child is two days old and is suffering from the heat. There are many mosquitoes and rats all around us. We live in the streets amidst all this filth,' she said. Further south, aid workers say they are overstretched, burnt out and fearful that they won't be able to provide adequate care for a potential influx of more uprooted people. Beginning on March 2, an 11-week blockade stopped all humanitarian aid from entering the strip. In the past week, some aid has entered through the southern Kerem Shalom crossing, but humanitarian agencies say food has yet to reach the over half a million people currently facing starvation across Gaza. 'It remains far from enough to meet the soaring humanitarian needs,' UN spokesperson Stéphane Dujarric said. Medical facilities are already experiencing critical shortages of 'almost all essential materials, from basic consumables to infection prevention and control, to life-saving medications,' Summer Al Jamal, who works at Nasser Hospital on the outskirts of Khan Younis for UK-based charity Medical Aid for Palestinians, told CNN last week. 'If military operations continue, the existing health facilities will simply not be able to cope with the numbers of displaced people,' Al Jamal said. They are also facing an 'overwhelming number of cases that require urgent, specialized medical care. Care that we can no longer provide,' Al Jamal added, while recalling how a 10-year-old boy who recently suffered head trauma in an airstrike that killed his family could not be treated as the medication he needed is no longer available in Gaza. 'If the situation remains unchanged, we do not expect to receive any medical supplies in the near future,' she said. As well as medical aid, experts say Israel's displacement plans will necessitate the significant restructuring of Gaza's water supply system, much of which has already been destroyed or damaged since the war began. 'By forcing the population to move around… will further complicate access to water because new water points will have to be set up, new routes, new water trucking,' Wim Zwijnenburg, who analyses the environmental impact of conflicts for the Dutch peace organization PAX, told CNN. In southern Gaza, the 140,000 litres of fuel needed weekly to maintain water supply operations was not received last week, leading to warnings from local officials of an imminent full-scale shutdown, the UN reported on May 21. 'The situation is especially dire in Al-Mawasi, which is not connected to the water network,' the UN said, adding that the area depends entirely on water being delivered via trucks. There are hundreds of truckloads worth of water, sanitation and hygiene supplies stuck outside of the strip ready to cross the border 'at any moment once allowed in,' UNICEF told CNN on Thursday. Israel's displacement plans have received international backlash in recent weeks, with the leaders of the United Kingdom, France, and Canada threatening to take 'concrete actions,' including sanctions, if Israel does not stop its latest military operations and continues to block aid from entering Gaza. Netanyahu has vowed to push forward with the fresh offensive: 'At the end of the operation all areas of the strip will be under Israeli security control,' he said last Wednesday. Meanwhile, despite everything, some Gazans plan to resist Israel's latest directives. 'This is our land, and we will not leave it. We will resist, and we live on our land,' Abdul Naser Siyam, who shares a makeshift tent with 22 other people in northern Gaza, told CNN. 'Just imagine how it would be if we left and went to the land of others.'

Israel's plan to ‘conquer' Gaza is leaving Palestinians with little place to go: 5 maps show how
Israel's plan to ‘conquer' Gaza is leaving Palestinians with little place to go: 5 maps show how

CNN

time4 hours ago

  • CNN

Israel's plan to ‘conquer' Gaza is leaving Palestinians with little place to go: 5 maps show how

Even before Israel's war in Gaza started, the territory was one of the most densely populated places on the planet, described by United Nations officials as an 'open-air prison.' Now, Israeli forces are expanding their operations, cramming the population into an ever-shrinking patch of land. Israel's latest military offensive, named 'Gideon's Chariots,' aims to finally 'conquer' the territory, as one government minister put it. Almost 80% of the enclave has come under evacuation orders or been designated as a militarized zone since March 18 when Israel broke its ceasefire with Hamas, according to the UN. Since then, Israel has a declared policy – backed by the US – to encourage resettlement of Gaza's residents. As part of the 'intensified operation,' Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said the whole population of Gaza – around 2 million people – will be displaced to the south of the 140 square-mile territory. The Israeli military claims the operation is aimed at destroying Hamas and freeing hostages. Meanwhile, Israel's far-right Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich said the operation could lead to a complete takeover of the territory. 'We are finally going to conquer the Gaza Strip,' he said after Israel's security cabinet approved the expanded campaign. See what Israel's expanding operation means on the ground, in five maps. Some Gazans in the north say they have fled to the nearby coastline in a last-ditch effort to escape the renewed bombardment, exhausted by Israel's 19-month assault. Others are sleeping in tents surrounded by the rubble of their former homes, fearful to leave in case they are forced out of Gaza. Since Israel broke the ceasefire in mid-March, at least 2-3 kilometers (1.2-1.9 miles) into Gaza's land border is a no-go zone, which includes a 1 kilometer-wide (around 0.6 miles) buffer area next to Israeli territory where homes, factories and farmland have been systematically levelled. Access to the Mediterranean Sea to fish is all but banned. According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), most fishing boats have been destroyed and Palestinians fishing meters from the shore have been targeted. Another militarized corridor was established in early April — the Israeli-demarcated 'Morag Corridor' in Rafah — with the stated intention of 'dividing the strip.' This is one of at least four routes established to control Gaza by the Israeli military who demolish and clear all buildings and cropland to make way for them. At least 31 evacuation orders have been issued by Israeli forces since March 18 this year covering large areas of the strip, sometimes at the rate of two a day. As a result, an estimated 600,000 people in Gaza have been displaced in that time (this figure includes people who may have been displaced multiple times), according to the United Nations-led Site Management Cluster. Evacuation orders aren't necessarily permanent, but Israel has not stated how long they are active. CNN has asked the Israeli military if the orders expire and how that information is shared with people in Gaza but has not received a reply. In northern Gaza, these orders have recently been accompanied by instructions to move south, despite ongoing attacks there too. This week, the Israeli military issued evacuation orders for most of southern Gaza with directives to head toward the Al-Mawasi area, ahead of what its spokesperson said would be an 'unprecedented attack.' Aid groups have criticized the use of these directives, branding them as confusing, often inaccurate and overly reliant on an internet connection which most people in Gaza only have intermittent access to. The delivery mechanism is varied, with some receiving text messages or phone calls ahead of an attack, while for others the first sign is incoming Israeli fire. On the ground, Gaza no longer looks familiar to residents, with most landmarks destroyed or damaged, including shops, trees and roads, making it much more difficult to navigate. In order to move around, people need to pass through heavily militarized checkpoints, usually on foot. 'There's no place for my children and me to sleep, and I don't know what to do,' Iman Al Agha, a mother of six who said she was forced out of the northern city of Beit Lahia when Israeli quadcopters started shooting at her and her family, told CNN last week. 'I've been on the street with my children for three days, and I can't find a place to settle,' she said. 'I wish for death at any moment. I don't know what to do with my children or where this life will take us. There is no solution.' Since Israel launched its war in Gaza following Hamas' deadly October 2023 attacks, Gazans have been displaced an average of six times – some up to 19 times – according to the Danish Refugee Council. For many, repeated displacement means reliving the trauma of generations uprooted by what Palestinians call al-Nakba, or 'the catastrophe,' when roughly 700,000 Palestinians fled or were expelled from their homes in historic Palestine, during the creation of Israel in 1948. Most of the remaining areas that are not under evacuation orders or militarized are heavily damaged. A assessment by the CUNY Graduate Center found 60% of buildings are destroyed while the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) said 92% of homes have either been damaged or destroyed. According to the UN Satellite Centre, 68% of roads are also damaged, which adds to the complications of transporting aid around the strip. Of the agricultural land, a report published in the Journal of Science of Remote Sensing found around 80% of tree crops — such as olives and fruit trees — are likely damaged, as well as 65% of greenhouses used to grow food such as tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and strawberries. The FAO has also reported that all cropland in Rafah, and nearly all cropland in the northern governorates are not accessible. Al-Mawasi, where many people have been instructed to go by the Israeli military, is a narrow coastal strip in southern Gaza. Once rural farmland, by February it was the most populated area in Gaza with an estimated 116,000 people, almost 6% of the enclave's population, displaced there, according to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. Sufficient shelter is now incredibly scarce in Gaza. Omar Alsaqqa, a Gaza resident who works for aid group Médecins Sans Frontières in Khan Younis, said in a statement provided to CNN that there are no tents left and no space for people to set up. 'I don't know what to answer when colleagues ask me where they can go with their children in the middle of the night. We are running out of options to stay alive,' he said. Nada Siyam, a displaced woman who gave birth in her tent in Gaza City last week, told CNN that there isn't even a bed for her newborn, Eid, to sleep on. 'My child is two days old and is suffering from the heat. There are many mosquitoes and rats all around us. We live in the streets amidst all this filth,' she said. Further south, aid workers say they are overstretched, burnt out and fearful that they won't be able to provide adequate care for a potential influx of more uprooted people. Beginning on March 2, an 11-week blockade stopped all humanitarian aid from entering the strip. In the past week, some aid has entered through the southern Kerem Shalom crossing, but humanitarian agencies say food has yet to reach the over half a million people currently facing starvation across Gaza. 'It remains far from enough to meet the soaring humanitarian needs,' UN spokesperson Stéphane Dujarric said. Medical facilities are already experiencing critical shortages of 'almost all essential materials, from basic consumables to infection prevention and control, to life-saving medications,' Summer Al Jamal, who works at Nasser Hospital on the outskirts of Khan Younis for UK-based charity Medical Aid for Palestinians, told CNN last week. 'If military operations continue, the existing health facilities will simply not be able to cope with the numbers of displaced people,' Al Jamal said. They are also facing an 'overwhelming number of cases that require urgent, specialized medical care. Care that we can no longer provide,' Al Jamal added, while recalling how a 10-year-old boy who recently suffered head trauma in an airstrike that killed his family could not be treated as the medication he needed is no longer available in Gaza. 'If the situation remains unchanged, we do not expect to receive any medical supplies in the near future,' she said. As well as medical aid, experts say Israel's displacement plans will necessitate the significant restructuring of Gaza's water supply system, much of which has already been destroyed or damaged since the war began. 'By forcing the population to move around… will further complicate access to water because new water points will have to be set up, new routes, new water trucking,' Wim Zwijnenburg, who analyses the environmental impact of conflicts for the Dutch peace organization PAX, told CNN. In southern Gaza, the 140,000 litres of fuel needed weekly to maintain water supply operations was not received last week, leading to warnings from local officials of an imminent full-scale shutdown, the UN reported on May 21. 'The situation is especially dire in Al-Mawasi, which is not connected to the water network,' the UN said, adding that the area depends entirely on water being delivered via trucks. There are hundreds of truckloads worth of water, sanitation and hygiene supplies stuck outside of the strip ready to cross the border 'at any moment once allowed in,' UNICEF told CNN on Thursday. Israel's displacement plans have received international backlash in recent weeks, with the leaders of the United Kingdom, France, and Canada threatening to take 'concrete actions,' including sanctions, if Israel does not stop its latest military operations and continues to block aid from entering Gaza. Netanyahu has vowed to push forward with the fresh offensive: 'At the end of the operation all areas of the strip will be under Israeli security control,' he said last Wednesday. Meanwhile, despite everything, some Gazans plan to resist Israel's latest directives. 'This is our land, and we will not leave it. We will resist, and we live on our land,' Abdul Naser Siyam, who shares a makeshift tent with 22 other people in northern Gaza, told CNN. 'Just imagine how it would be if we left and went to the land of others.'

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