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Kennedy's New Advisers Rescind Recommendations for Some Flu Vaccines

Kennedy's New Advisers Rescind Recommendations for Some Flu Vaccines

New York Times5 hours ago

Vaccine advisers recently appointed by Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. voted on Thursday to stop recommending flu vaccines containing thimerosal, a mercury-based preservative used to prevent bacterial contamination, to children and pregnant women.
Dozens of studies have shown thimerosal to be harmless, and it has not been a component of most childhood shots since 2001. Yet Mr. Kennedy and other critics have long insisted that the preservative might be linked to rising rates of autism.
'The risk from influenza is so greater than the nonexistent risk as far as we know from thimerosal,' said the lone dissenter, Dr. Cody Meissner, a pediatrician at Tufts Children's Hospital and widely considered to be the most qualified member of the new committee.
'I find it very hard to justify' the panel's decision, he added.
In a separate vote, the new advisers recommended seasonal flu vaccines to all Americans 6 months and older.
On the second day of their meeting, the advisers seemed to be warming to their roles as disrupters of the decades-old processes that have guided vaccines to Americans.
In addition to certain flu vaccines, some panelists questioned the safety of other products already approved by the Food and Drug Administration and thoroughly vetted by independent experts.
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ACIP's New Class Endorses RSV, Talks COVID
ACIP's New Class Endorses RSV, Talks COVID

Medscape

time15 minutes ago

  • Medscape

ACIP's New Class Endorses RSV, Talks COVID

A second monoclonal antibody to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infants has been recommended by the CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Five voting members said no to recommending clesrovimab, a recently approved monoclonal antibody, for prevention of RSV in newborns and infants, based on safety concerns. Clesrovimab joins nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody approved in 2023, in the arsenal to help protect infants and children against RSV. RSV remains a substantial burden among children younger than 5 years of age in the United States, and in the absence of prevention products, approximately 97% of infants develop RSV infections before age 2 years, said Adam MacNeil, PhD, of the CDC's National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, in his presentation. The current strategies for prevention of RSV in children and pregnant women are safe and effective, and the addition of a second option for children should increase access and address issues of supply, said MacNeil. Clesrovimab was recently approved by the FDA for prevention of RSV in infants younger than 8 months of age who were born during or entering their first RSV season. The ACIP previously recommended nirsevimab for prevention of RSV in this population and in children aged 8-19 months at increased risk of severe RSV disease and entering their second RSV season. For pregnant women, the CDC and ACIP continue to recommend a single dose of RSV vaccine (ABRYSVO) between 32 and 36 weeks' gestation. The development of monoclonal antibody products to prevent RSV in infants is 'a spectacular accomplishment,' said ACIP Panelist Cody Meissner, MD, a professor of pediatrics at Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, in a comment during the meeting. Providing data from clinical trials to inform recommendations 'is something the CDC does very well,' he said. The majority the public commentators during the first day of the meeting were clinicians who expressed support for the safety and effectiveness of vaccines. 'I have seen what vaccine preventable diseases can do to children,' said Caroline Brown, MD, a pediatrician in private practice in North Carolina, during the public comment. Thanks to vaccines, most children today are spared devastating outcomes, she said. However, Brown noted that she has been fielding calls from panicked parents with the appearance of measles in her area and emphasized that approved vaccines for children, including the measles vaccine, have been extremely well-researched and found to be safe and effective. Keeping the RSV Prevention Momentum Going Continued recommendation of the RSV vaccine is important, as the availability of both maternal vaccines and infant monoclonal antibodies for the past two seasons have resulted in reductions in hospitalizations and outpatient RSV visits, said Lori Handy, MD, MSCE, associate director of the Vaccine Education Center at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and assistant professor of clinical pediatrics at the Perelman School of Medicine, in an interview. 'As all infants are at risk of RSV infection, multiple prevention products ensure that all families can access prevention and make informed choices about which prevention is best for their own circumstances,' said Handy. 'Continuing to offer safe and effective preventive options in the forms of maternal vaccines and infant monoclonal antibodies will ensure the success of the past two seasons will be enjoyed for newborns to come,' she emphasized. When it comes to vaccine information, clinicians continue to be the most trusted messengers, Handy told Medscape. Clinicians are in the best positions to have conversations with families and provide a strong recommendation to choose either maternal vaccine or monoclonal antibody for RSV prevention, she said. 'Direct patients and families to trusted resources developed by organizations with long-standing commitments to protecting the health of mothers and infants, such as ACOG, the Vaccine Education Center, and the American Academy of Pediatrics,' Handy added. The AMA Weighs In In advance of the ACIP meeting, the American Medical Association (AMA) posted an open letter to the American people with its position on respiratory vaccines. The letter acknowledged concerns in the medical and public health communities about the recent upheaval in ACIP membership and called on physicians to continue to provide 'clear, evidence-based guidance' to patients. 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Oligodendroglioma
Oligodendroglioma

Health Line

time25 minutes ago

  • Health Line

Oligodendroglioma

Oligodendroglioma is a rare tumor that develops in the brain with no known cause. It tends to have a higher survival rate compared to most other brain tumors, but early diagnosis and treatment are key. Oligodendroglioma belongs to a group of brain tumors called gliomas. Gliomas are primary tumors. This means they originated in the brain rather than spreading from elsewhere in the body. The National Brain Tumor Society reports that around 1.2% of all brain tumors are classified as an oligodendroglioma. They are typically divided into two types: grade 2 (slow growing) grade 3 (fast growing) Oligodendroglioma is more commonly diagnosed in adults, though young children can also be affected. Life expectancy and survival rate According to the American Cancer Society, the 5-year relative survival rate for people with an oligodendroglioma is as follows: 90% for those ages 22 to 44 years 82% for those ages 45 to 54 years 69% for those ages 55 to 64 years The relative survival rate suggests how long someone with a condition may live after receiving their diagnosis compared to someone without the condition of the same race, sex, and age over a specific time. This is different from overall survival rate, which is a percentage of people still alive for a specific time after receiving a diagnosis. It's most important to remember that these figures are estimates, and everyone is different. You can talk with your doctor about your specific condition. Several factors can affect your survival rate, including the grade of the tumor and how early it was diagnosed, as well as your overall health. Symptoms Oligodendroglioma can lead to a wide variety of symptoms. Seizure is the most common symptom — about 60% of people experience a seizure before receiving an oligodendroglioma diagnosis, according to the National Cancer Institute. Other symptoms include: headache cognitive changes weakness or numbness in the limbs issues with balance or movement However, the symptoms you experience can vary based on the size of the tumor and which part of your brain the tumor is growing in. What are the causes? There are no known causes of oligodendroglioma. Genetic changes are thought to play a role in the development of oligodendroglioma. Factors such as radiation exposure may also increase the risk of developing this type of tumor. Treatment options There are a number of treatment options available. You and your doctors will work together to decide what's the best course of action is in your case. Your medical team will base their decisions upon a number of factors, including: your overall health the grade and location of your tumor the final diagnosis given by a neurosurgeon Surgery Surgery is typically the first-line treatment for oligodendroglioma. The goal is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. Other treatment If the tumor cannot be completely removed with surgery, additional treatment may be used to avoid recurrence, such as: Radiation therapy: This involves the use of high energy rays. It's typically used after surgery to help kill any tiny fragments of the tumor that may remain. Chemotherapy: This treatment uses cytotoxic drugs to help kill cancer cells and can be used before and after radiotherapy. It's also useful for shrinking brain tumors, particularly those that cannot be surgically removed. Targeted therapy: This treatment can be used to slow tumor regrowth. Clinical trials: Your doctor may recommend enrolling in a clinical trial to test potential new treatment options. Antiseizure medication: If you experience seizures, these medications will likely be a part of your treatment plan. Outlook and recurrence The outlook for oligodendroglioma tumors depends on factors such as the tumor grade, the overall health of the person with the diagnosis, and how early the tumor was diagnosed. People who receive a diagnosis and begin treatment early have a higher chance of survival. Overall, those who have an oligodendroglioma tend to have a higher survival rate than most other brain tumors. Many treatment options are available, and oligodendroglioma appears to respond well to treatment. It's unusual to be able to completely remove the tumor, but it's possible to prolong the life of someone with an oligodendroglioma. Successful treatment plans often employ several methods. This reduces the chance that the tumor will recur. Like all other gliomas, oligodendroglioma has a very high rate of recurrence and often gradually increases in grade over time. Recurrent tumors are often treated with more aggressive forms of chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

You've Probably Hit Your Protein Goal: Here's What Experts Think You Need Instead
You've Probably Hit Your Protein Goal: Here's What Experts Think You Need Instead

CNET

time29 minutes ago

  • CNET

You've Probably Hit Your Protein Goal: Here's What Experts Think You Need Instead

There's plenty of healthy eating and workout trends that come and go over the years, but one topic seems to come up again and again: Protein. Contrary to what you may be hearing on social media, you're probably already getting all the protein you need. Similar to counting calories, the protein goals trend has gotten out of hand, causing people to buy expensive protein bars, shakes and slabs of meat. According to Dr. Andrew Freeman, a cardiologist at National Jewish Health in Denver, it's actually "extremely uncommon" if not "nearly impossible" to be deficient in protein, at least in the US, where there's an abundance of food. So what's the deal with this protein push by almost every wellness influencer you follow? You're likely getting enough protein without even trying As long as you're not heavily restricting yourself and getting enough calories to fuel your body, you're probably hitting your protein goals just by eating a typical American diet. While some people may need more to feel satisfied and strong or to maximize their muscle gains in the gym, the reality for many Americans might be that they meet their protein requirements through their daily diet. For some, that requirement may be well below 100 grams, which is one elusive protein goal often touted, including by the wellness team here at CNET. "People are absolutely obsessed with protein," Freeman said, pointing to the fact it's also likely you'll hit your "protein goals" even if you're eating a plant-based diet, so long as it's varied and full. One potentially influencing factor toward the protein goal trend is the rise in interest in the carnivore diet, which prioritizes meat consumption. "What most people forget is some of earth's biggest and strongest mammals, they're all plant-based," Freeman said. "When was the last time you saw a protein-deficient gorilla or elephant?" Americans, in particular, have a complicated and sometimes disordered relationship with food – when we're not obsessing over getting enough of something (#proteingoals), we're restricting something else (think the villainization of fats and carbs). Examples of some diets that oscillate between these extremes include the ketogenic diet, the carnivore diet, calorie-counting apps and taking extra time to make complicated drinks in the name of weight loss. This would be more defensible if we were reaping the health benefits of sticking to these diets, but instead, Americans are leaders in chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes (preventable and often reversible through diet). Many people also suffer a reduced quality of life from restricting themselves or following diets that may or may not meaningfully improve their health down the line, and may also inspire shame or eating disorders. Not to mention, most of us are actually deficient in fiber, and a good chunk of us are low in other very important nutrients, such as iron, vitamin D and more. In fact, all the focus on protein ends up causing people to overlook other nutrients their body needs that they can't get from protein. Fiber, for example, is a key carbohydrate that is found mainly in plants and should also be prioritized, especially with the rising rates in colorectal cancer among people younger than 50 years old. Of course, this is absolutely not to say that protein isn't important, or that some people need more than others based on their activity level or the muscle build they're going for. Here, we merely take a minute to plead the case that, when it comes to protein, you may be able to cool it a bit. Instagram How much protein should you actually be eating? Look, the intro to this topic came on a little strong, so it is important to take a moment and stress how protein is an absolutely vital nutrient: protein contains amino acids, which build our bodies and help them function. If we didn't eat protein, we'd be dead. To get a baseline of how much we need to support our needs, there's fortunately a recommended daily amount, or RDA, of protein. This is 0.8-gram of protein per kilogram of body weight. (There are about 2.2 pounds in one kg.) This means a person who weighs 200 pounds needs about 73 grams of protein to meet their needs and not be deficient. Where it gets tricky is deciphering exactly how much protein you need not only to stay alive, but to thrive. Like every health "thing," what's best for you will depend on your body and your activity level, for example. But even taking this into account, you may not have to work as hard as you think to get adequate protein, even if you're hitting the gym regularly. In a 2023 podcast hosted by Zoe, a nutrition science company and maker of at-home gut microbiome test kits, Stanford University professor and nutrition researcher Christopher Gardner explained why fears of falling short in the protein department are often overblown. "When the US comes up with recommended daily allowances for protein, vitamins and minerals, the standard approach is to take two standard deviations above the average," Gardner explained in the podcast. For the 0.8-gram of protein per kilogram of weight, he said, "You've picked a number that should be adequate for 97.5% of the population." But what if you're above average? Chances are, you're not. "To me, it's the American idea of 'that's what the RDA is, but I know I'm above average, so let me make sure I get some extra here,'" Gardner explained. "It was built in to recognize that some people need more [protein]," he continued, going on to explain that when you're working out heavily, you're naturally going to feel hungrier, which will prompt you to eat more -- which means (for most people), naturally eating more protein. But what if you want to really gain muscle? To its credit, and in a refreshing turn of American-diet events, the protein goal trend is focused on adding rather than restricting. And if you're into intense weightlifting, or if you want to gain muscle, you will need more. But chances are that "more" is not as much more as you might think -- at least if you're considering consciously adding protein through shakes and other supplements. If you really want to build muscle or are seriously into weight lifting, estimates on how much "extra" protein you need varies, and the best (and safest) advice is always to talk to your doctor or nutritionist to take your whole health and lifestyle into account. But some estimates land around 1.2 to 1.7 grams per kilogram of weight. Others are even higher, at up to 2 grams per kilogram. This discussion assumes you enjoy counting your macros, though. If you eat when you're hungry, fuel up after a hard workout and choose foods that are rich in protein and also part of a well-balanced diet, you should be good to go. In addition to weightlifting, Freeman said that people with medical concerns, such as undergoing surgery or recovering from burns, need more protein. Pregnancy and older adulthood are other instances when people's protein requirement goes up a bit in relation to their calorie intake. Yaorusheng/Moment via Getty Images Can you get too much protein? What about protein's benefits? High protein consumption makes the kidneys work harder, which may be a concern for some and is one reason parents should be wary of giving kids extra protein supplements, according to the Cleveland Clinic. However, hitting your high protein goals or even exceeding them shouldn't be harmful for most people, though keep in mind that after they're broken down into those vital amino acids and the energy is expended, excess protein is stored as fat if not used for energy. Now for a benefit: In addition to overall body function and muscle building, protein is very filling and satiating. This means a protein-rich meal may aid in weight loss (if that's your goal) because it keeps you full for longer when compared, for example, to a meal that's more carb-heavy and lacking in protein. Craving protein? You could be low in iron About 95% of Americans aren't eating enough fiber, according to research from 2016. Fiber is found in plant-based foods such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, seeds and more. Nearly one in three of us are also low in iron, which is where things get interesting in the protein discussion, because excellent sources of protein are often excellent sources of iron. (Steak and other red meat, for example.) However, there are plant-based foods like dark greens that are high in iron and also in fiber. Vitamin D, a nutrient we can get from the sun as well as from our food, is also one Americans tend to be lower in. This is especially notable during the cooler months. Unfortunately, the advice for how to best meet your nutritional needs isn't flashy and mimics previous guidance: Eat a full diet full of variety and color, prioritizing foods like vegetables, healthy fats and, yes, protein. You just don't need to obsess about it.

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