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Lower rampart wall of Thanjavur Little Fort cries for renovation

Lower rampart wall of Thanjavur Little Fort cries for renovation

THANJAVUR: The lower rampart wall of Little Fort, which encloses the Big Temple, has been in dilapidated condition on all sides except the eastern side. The wall is badly damaged on the northern side of the Big Temple and due to this, there has been soil erosion in some places in the 'Kailaya Valam' path, posing danger to those participating in the walk during full moon days.
Though the Thanjavur Peruvudayar (big) temple was built during the 11th century by Raja Raja Chola with its own cloister mandapam acting as a compound wall, it was the Nayaks who built the Little Fort enclosing the Big Temple, during the 16th century. This Little Fort has two levels of rampart walls. Of these two, the lower rampart wall has been in dilapidated conditions for many decades. However, a few years back, the portion of the lower rampart wall on the eastern side was renovated by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) which maintains the Little Fort along with the temple. The walls on the remaining three sides-the northern, western and southern sides-are also in bad condition.
The wall made of laterite stones on the bottom portion and bricks on the top has almost fallen down to the northern side of the temple. On the other two sides, there have been wall collapses in stretches. There has also been vegetation growth on these walls, which would further damage the already damaged walls, history and art enthusiasts say.

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ASI urged to complete Puri Jagannath temple Ratna Bhandar repair work during Rath Yatra
ASI urged to complete Puri Jagannath temple Ratna Bhandar repair work during Rath Yatra

Hindustan Times

timean hour ago

  • Hindustan Times

ASI urged to complete Puri Jagannath temple Ratna Bhandar repair work during Rath Yatra

Bhubaneswar, The authorities of the Jagannath temple in Puri have urged the ASI to complete repair work in the Ratna Bhandar of the shrine in Puri during the coming Rath Yatra festival when the deities will be in another temple for nine days. The Archeological Survey of India , the custodian of the 12th-century temple, began repairing the Ratna Bhandar in July 2024 when it was reopened after 46 years. In a letter, Shree Jagannath Temple Administration Chief Administrator Arabinda Padhee requested ASI Director General Yadubir Singh Rawat to expedite the ongoing conservation and repair work of the Ratna Bhandar. Padhee said in the letter that the remaining work should be completed between June 28 and July 6 during the upcoming Rath Yatra. The chariot festival will be held on June 27. During the annual Rath Yatra, Lord Jagannath, along with his siblings Balabhadra and Subhadra, embarks on a journey from the shrine to the Gundicha Temple, considered their aunt's house, and stay there for a few days before returning. The deities travel in decorated chariots, pulled by thousands of devotees. The Ratna Bhandar was also opened at the time of the Rath Yatra festival last year during the absence of the deities. Padhee, an IAS officer, also informed the ASI that the agency's scheduled supervision of the Jagannath temple's 'Garbhagriha' should be carried out by an officer in the rank of deputy director or director during the festival. He expressed gratitude to ASI for the work done in replacing the Khondalite stone near the 'Aruna Stambha' and preserving the precious treasures till date. 'Aruna Stambha', a monolithic rock representing 'Aruna', the charioteer of the Sun God, is placed in front of the Jagannath temple in Puri. Padhee said that the ramp construction at the northern gate of the temple was completed following Supreme Court orders, under ASI supervision. While the SJTA has submitted a revised design for air-conditioning of the 'Natamandap' , he said the ASI's approval in this regard is awaited. Padhee said that discussions are being held with ASI consultants on the illumination of the temple. The letter also emphasised the importance of completing all pending tasks within deadlines to ensure the long-term conservation and safety of the Shree Jagannath Temple. Meanwhile, Padhee held a meeting with four 'Badagrahi' servitors during the day. "There was a long discussion on how to conduct smooth Pahandi of deities. The administration has prohibited use of mobile phones on chariots. The servitors have been urged to ensure a smooth rath yatra," he said.

Hauz-i-Shamsi: Delhi's Sultanate-era reservoir turns climate buffer, haven for migratory birds
Hauz-i-Shamsi: Delhi's Sultanate-era reservoir turns climate buffer, haven for migratory birds

Scroll.in

time2 hours ago

  • Scroll.in

Hauz-i-Shamsi: Delhi's Sultanate-era reservoir turns climate buffer, haven for migratory birds

Located in the historic neighbourhood of Mehrauli, is the Hauz-i-Shamsi, a reservoir dating back to 1230, common era. It was built by the third sultan of the Delhi Sultanate, Shamsuddin Iltutmish of what is referred to as the Slave Dynasty. Every year, this ancient water body stands as a silent witness to the Phool Walon Ki Sair festival at the adjoining Jahaz Mahal, which is decorated with fresh flowers to celebrate the Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb, or syncretic Hindu-Muslim culture. For the rest of the year, it brings joy to many people who live around it in homes that stand cheek-by-jowl in the narrow, serpentine lanes of Mehrauli in South Delhi. 'Every morning when I wake up and step out on the balcony of our house, I see the jhilmil [sparkling] water of our Shamsi talab. Sunrays dance on it, which is a beautiful sight,' Zaida Zehra told Mongabay India. Zaida's home, where she lives with her husband and two school-going daughters, is in Ward 8, overlooking the lake. She is from Moradabad in Uttar Pradesh and moved to Mehrauli 18 years ago after marriage. But the waterbody was not always a sight for sore eyes, said Zaida. Hauz-i-Shamsi, or a sunny water tank, is a protected site under the Archaeological Survey of India. It was constructed to collect rainwater and provide drinking water and respite from the blazing summer heat to the medieval inhabitants of Mehrauli. But over time, it became a dirty, smelly drain filled with garbage and wastewater. 'Until about two years ago, our talab was a breeding ground for mosquitoes, and it was overgrown with weeds. People from our locality used to empty dirty water into it. People bathed their cattle here. We were pained to see its dilapidated condition but didn't know how to clean up the talab and restore it to its past glory,' said Zaida. However, Zaida and the other residents of wards 8 and 6 in Mehrauli did not give up on the dream of reviving the Hauz-i-Shamsi and soon joined a multi-stakeholder project to restore the water body. This happened in early 2023, when the ASI signed a Memorandum of Understanding with SEEDS, or the Sustainable Environment and Ecological Development Society, India, a New Delhi-based non-profit, to restore the water tank and the urban ecosystem around it. As part of the initiative, SEEDS reached out to residents, leading to the birth of Pride of Shamsi, a group of active community members who have since been involved in the restoration and upkeep of the water body. Zaida is an active member of this group. The five-acre talab now boasts of clean water with six solar-operated aerators that circulate and oxygenate its water. There are floating bio-islands with reeds, the roots of which keep the water clean. The boundary of Hauz-i-Shamsi has been demarcated and fenced. The water body today is a haven for both native and migratory birds. The participation of the citizenry in such a revival project can be crucial. 'In a changing climate, the citizens are the key stakeholders and can help maintain and protect these urban commons in the long term,' Manu Gupta, Co-founder of SEEDS India, told Mongabay India. Reviving Shamsi talab Mohammad Arif remembers the good old days when he visited his grandmother, who lived near the talab. 'As a child, I spent many summer afternoons at Shamsi talab enjoying the cool breeze and watching fishes swim in its waters. Till about 2010, the talab was in a reasonably okay condition. It was also much bigger,' reminisced Arif. Like Zaida, Arif too now lives in ward number eight of Mehrauli, near Hauz-i-Shamsi. According to him, the lake began to shrink when construction picked up around it. 'Lots of houses came up in its vicinity, and concretisation affected the flow of rainwater into the tank. 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'As part of SURGE, we did a baseline survey of the area and held a series of discussions with community members to identify the challenges around the restoration of Shamsi talab,' said Mitali Vavre, a conservation architect with SEEDS India. 'Thereafter, we carried out a hydro-geophysical assessment of the water body and mapped its catchment. Water quality tests were done to find levels of dissolved oxygen and other key parameters. We found a lot of invasive plant species in the water body. Over a period of a year, untreated effluents flowing into the lake were tapped and diverted,' informed Vavre. According to Ruchi Bhatt, Project Manager, SEEDS India, 'Since Hauz-i-Shamsi is a heritage site, there are regulations around the activities that can be undertaken. Machine excavation of waste and invasive plants from the lake is not allowed and had to be done manually by roping in skilled cleaners. Lake area was demarcated and fenced,' she said. This was followed by the introduction of bioremediation measures to clean the lake. 'These include floating bio-islands, which are constructed wetlands with layers of special aquatic plants to clean the water naturally. Six solar-powered aerators have been installed to enhance water circulation and improve dissolved oxygen levels, contributing to a healthier aquatic ecosystem,' explained Vavre. To promote community stewardship and build collective ownership of the waterbody, children from the community were involved in raising awareness, and Zaida's daughters led the campaign. 'While our parents formed the Pride of Shamsi group, we children got together and every weekend held activities, such as drawing, mehandi, and rangoli competitions, centred around our talab,' Rojis, the 15-year-old daughter of Zaida, told Mongabay India. 'We also enacted street plays and took out a children's march through our busy market of Mehrauli, raising slogans to protect our water body,' she added. 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The role of urban water bodies in climate change mitigation and adaptation has also been recorded in a training manual titled Rejuvenation and Conservation of Water Bodies and Open Areas, published by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India. It notes that urban water bodies help combat the urban heat island effect and bring down city temperatures. 'Urban lakes create their own microclimate and can help cool our cities. They need to be an integral part of our city's climate action and heat action plans,' said Gupta, who is a trained urban planner. Delhi has several water bodies that can be integrated into the city's heat action plan. According to the Ministry of Jal Shakti's First Census of Water Bodies conducted in 2021, Delhi has 893 water bodies. There are 525 ponds, 14 lakes, four tanks, and 350 water bodies that are enumerated as 'others'. The Census also found that nearly one-fourth of these water bodies (24.19%) were encroached upon, which is the highest among all the states. The Delhi Heat Action Plan 2024-'25 mentions 'increasing blue cover' and 'restoration of water bodies in Delhi'. But there is a need for a detailed plan for the same because growing scientific evidence globally shows the gains of the same. A 2024 paper, The Role of Water Bodies in Climate Regulation: Insights from Recent Studies on Urban Heat Island Mitigation, highlights that water features and green spaces can significantly cool urban environments. 'By integrating water features with other urban cooling strategies, such as tree planting and expanded greenery, cities can effectively counter UHI effects, leading to more sustainable and resilient urban environments,' the report said. Another study published in Sustainable Cities and Society in April 2023 also points out how the implementation of urban blue and green infrastructures can help regulate urban temperatures. The authors note that water bodies in urbanised areas, such as lakes and wetlands, reduce temperature due to their strong evaporation and high heat capacities during the daytime. Water has a high specific heat capacity – it absorbs a lot of heat before it begins to warm up. Researchers at the Universities of Bath in the United Kingdom and Bologna in Italy have shown that more than a single large water body, it is a network of small water bodies that can more effectively cool areas and mitigate daytime extreme temperatures in spring and early summer across larger distances. According to Vavre, SEEDS India is already working on solutions to ensure Hauz-i-Shamsi has enough water to provide ecological services. 'We had to stop untreated wastewater from flowing into the water body as it was killing the tank. But lakes need water to stay alive. We are in discussion with authorities so that treated sewage can be fed into the lake,' she said. Vishwanath supports the idea of using treated urban wastewater to revive lakes. 'If we treat sewage and use constructed wetlands to further clean the water, it can be emptied into lakes. It will not only help manage cities' wastewater but also create cool microclimates in urban centres,' he said, adding that in Bengaluru, 27 lakes are already receiving treated wastewater, and the aim is to cover 40 such lakes in the city.

Alipiri Padala Mandapam to be taken up for conservation
Alipiri Padala Mandapam to be taken up for conservation

The Hindu

timea day ago

  • The Hindu

Alipiri Padala Mandapam to be taken up for conservation

The Alipiri Padala Mandapam, a heritage structure at the foot of Tirumala hills and the first spot to be visited by trekkers, will be taken up for conservation and restoration. The structure, managed by the Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams (TTD), pertains to the Vijayanagara period and had suffered damage with passage of time. In tune with the request by Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) Director (Epigraphs) K. Muniratnam Reddy, a team of engineers specialising in the field of conservation and preservation of ancient temples inspected the structure in Tirupati. Pune-based Lord Venkateswara Charitable and Religious Trust, which has agreed to meet the cost of restoration, also deputed its representatives along with the engineers. 'Our team studied the methods to be adopted to strengthen the existing Mandapam in order to keep it stable for the next 300 years, without the need for any further intervention,' Mr. Muniratnam Reddy said.

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