Should You Get A Measles Vaccine Booster? Here Are The Considerations

Forbes

04-05-2025

The return of measles to the U.S. may have many people wondering whether they should get a measles ... More vaccine booster. Pictured here is an information booth for measles vaccinations offered by Harris Public Health in Houston, Texas. (Raquel Natalicchio/Houston Chronicle via Getty Images)
Now that measles, which was declared eliminated from the U.S. in 2000, has been let back into this country, here's something you may be wondering about: whether you should get a measles vaccine booster. After all, drops in measles vaccination rates are what allowed the virus to sneak back into Texas, New Mexico and other parts of the country. And maybe you've heard about herd immunity, the fact that the amount of protection offered by vaccination does depend on the percentage of people around you who have been vaccinated or otherwise have immunity against the measles virus.
Well, it's natural to be concerned about the measles, since getting the measles isn't exactly a ho-hum thing, as I've written previously in Forbes. Sure, you may survive with just having a high fever, cough, runny nose, pink eye, rashes and feeling like bleep for a while. But don't be rash about catching the virus. It can essentially be playing measles roulette. You could end up with life-altering and life-threatening complications from this respiratory virus such as deafness, pneumonia, encephalitis and death. Yes, death is life-threatening. I've also detailed in Forbes bad stuff like subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and immune amnesia that can arise years after a measles infection.
This year has already seen over 930 confirmed cases of the measles across close to 30 different states in the U.S,, which far exceeds the 285 cases throughout all of 2024. So far, the vast majority (around 97%) of cases in 2025 have been in people who had no record of being vaccinated. But note that 97% isn't 100%. Neither is the protection offered by the measles vaccine, which is typically well over 90%. If you've got the highly contagious measles virus circulating around, there is still the risk of catching it even if you've been vaccinated.
That's why it's been routine since 1989 for children to get two shots of the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine, otherwise known as the MMR vaccine, because that's how acronyms work. The vaccine also offers protection against mumps and rubella, otherwise known as the German measles, two other things that you'd be better off not getting.
The first MMR shot usually occurs in 12 to 15 month age range. The second in 4 to 6 year age range. This is a live vaccine, containing small amounts of a weakened version of the measles virus. Even though the virus is still 'alive,' it's not strong enough to cause a real infection and problems. It's sort of like Darth Vader without the Force or his suit. But your immune system will likely recognize the weakened virus as a threat and in turn build up defense in case more such viruses show up. Studies have shown that two shots of the MMR tends to offer around 97% effective protection against the measles for life. But again that level depends on how many people around you have been vaccinated as well.
Many studies over the years have also shown the MMR vaccine to be quite safe. Think about how many people around the world over the years have gotten the MMR vaccine. Then think about how many people you personally know who have had verified problems after getting the vaccine. The CDC has long noted that most people have no side effects. If side effects do occur, the most common are soreness at the vaccination site, fever, and pain and stiffness in the joints. Some people may develop a mild rash in the three weeks after their vaccination, but this isn't a concern unless they have also had a known or suspected exposure to the measles, according to the CDC.
If you were born before the year 1957, chances are you got the measles at some point. That's because the measles was a pretty widespread problem before, guess what, routine measles vaccination occurred. Therefore, if you routinely used terms like 'hooey' , 'booksy', 'dullsville' and 'drop-dead gorgeous' when growing up, you probably have 'presumptive evidence' of immunity and don't need to get the measles vaccine even if you have no record of ever getting it. The exception are healthcare workers, who may need extra protection, especially these days. You can check your immunity against the measles by having your doctor check your blood for antibodies against the measles virus. If you don't have such antibodies and work in healthcare, it's a good idea to get the vaccine.
The first measles vaccine didn't get approved until 1963. So, there was a six-year period where you may have not gotten the measles and certainly didn't get the vaccine. Therefore, you could either check your blood for antibodies against the measles or just get the measles vaccine. Getting two doses is better than getting only one. But one is certainly better than none.
If you are at higher risk for exposure to the measles like working in healthcare or a school, traveling a bleep-load or planning to get pregnant someday, two doses is highly recommended. Wait at least 28 days after the first dose to get the second, though. This will give your immune system enough time to fully react to the first dose. It's sort of like how the Avengers needed some time to realize, 'Hey, this purple guy, Thanos, is kind of threat. And we need to pull together our counterattack.'
Even if you were born after the measles vaccine became available, there was a four year period when you could have gotten the inactivated measles vaccine instead of the live virus one. A vaccine with a measles virus that's been killed may not get the same reaction from your immune system and thus not provide as effective protection. Therefore, if you may have gotten the inactivated vaccine, it's a good idea to either check your antibody levels or get at least one dose of the live MMR vaccine now.
From 1968 through 1989, chances are you got only one dose of the MMR vaccine as a kid. That's because it wasn't until after 1989 when getting two doses of the MMR vaccine became the standard recommendation. Therefore, if you are later Gen X or earlier Millennial where you might remember having heard the song 'Pass the Dutchie' at some point as a kid, you may want to check your immunization records, check your antibody titers or just go ahead and get another dose of the vaccine.
If you qualify as later Millennials or younger in the U.S. probably, you have probably already gotten two doses of the live MMR vaccine and should be all set. States around the U.S. required that kids get the vaccine to get and stay enrolled in schools. That was done so that everyone could protect each other. Such routine vaccination requirements are what helped eliminate measles from the U.S. by 2000. Things were seemingly all kumbaya leading up to then, at least, protecting everyone from measles-wise.
Then came that infamous article published in the British medical journal The Lancet in 1999 and authored by British physician Andrew Wakefield and some others. That paper suggested a link between the MMR vaccine and autism. The paper has since been debunked and retracted. Those originally listed on the original study besides Wakefield withdrew their names from authorship. Since then no other legit scientific study has really supported the claims made by the paper. Yet, for some reason, it's unsubstantiated claims have persisted and spread.
Therefore, if you happened to have parents who bought into anti-vaxxer claims and potentially kept you from getting the MMR vaccine, you may want to check your vaccination records or your antibody titer. Not having gotten two doses of the MMR vaccine will leave you at much higher risk for getting the measles and all the bad stuff associated with it.
There are some legit reasons not to get the measles vaccine. One is if you are under six months of age. Your immune system may not be ready to fully react to the measles vaccine. So, enjoy your cooing and pooping in your diapers for now until you are old enough. By the way, if you are that young and can somehow read this, congratulations.
Another reason is if you've had a severe allergic reaction to the MMR vaccine previously. This is uncommon. But if you've had such a reaction before, no real doctor should say, 'Oh, just tough it out a second time.' Having a bleeding condition is a reason to be careful about any needle in any part of your body.
A third reason is if your immune system is weakened for whatever reason. This may because you have an immunological disease or are receiving immune system suppressing medications like chemotherapy. If you have a family history of immune system problems, it's a good idea to check with your doctor to see if you have such an issue too.
There are temporary reasons as well to hold off on getting the measles vaccine for now. One is if you are pregnant. Another is if you are sick with an infection. A third is if you've had a blood transfusion within three months. If you have any of the aforementioned conditions or any doubts, it's a good idea to check with your doctor about what to do.