Soak up the sun, wisely! How to balance Vitamin D with skin protection

Gulf News

18-03-2025

The benefits of Vitamin D extend far beyond bone health—it plays a crucial role in modulating the immune system, reducing inflammation, and even supporting heart function. Shutterstock
Sometimes, you need more than just a pocketful of sunshine.
The truth is, sunshine isn't just for brightening your day or inspiring cheery songs, it's a fundamental pillar of both physical and mental well-being. Fueling your body's production of Vitamin D? Check. Boosting your mood? Double check. Supporting vital biological functions? Absolutely. Yet, in an era of indoor lifestyles and SPF-heavy routines, where confusion lingers over exactly how much sunlight is enough—it's time to shed some light on why sunshine remains essential.
So, what makes it so vital?
The Vitamin D connection: Why sunlight is irreplaceable
Dubai-based physician Niyati Ahuja breaks it down: Vitamin D, often dubbed the sunshine vitamin, is synthesized in the skin when exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. 'You need it for calcium absorption, bone health, immune function, and cardiovascular health,' she explains.
Without adequate Vitamin D, the body struggles to absorb calcium efficiently, leading to weakened bones and a higher risk of osteoporosis. This is particularly concerning for those at risk of fractures, such as older adults and postmenopausal women, Ahuja notes. But the benefits of Vitamin D extend far beyond bone health—it plays a crucial role in modulating the immune system, reducing inflammation, and even supporting heart function.
Research confirms this: Studies have linked sufficient Vitamin D levels to a lower risk of cardiovascular disease, with research published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism suggesting that deficiencies may contribute to hypertension and other heart-related issues.
Even bone health relies heavily on sunlight exposure. Research in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition highlights that individuals with adequate sun exposure tend to have stronger bones and lower incidences of fractures compared to those with Vitamin D deficiencies.
In short, the consequences of Vitamin D deficiency are far-reaching—it's not just about osteoporosis. Low levels have been linked to weakened immune function, increased risk of chronic diseases, and even mood disorders like depression. Sunlight, quite literally, fuels well-being.
Mental health benefits: The sunlight-serotonin connection
There's something undeniably calming about basking in the sunlight, even for just a few seconds. The shift in mood is almost immediate—perhaps that's why language so often ties sunshine to joy, warmth, and cheer.
As Ahuja and Elisabeth Harlow, a holistic physician based in Abu Dhabi explain, beyond its physiological advantages, sunlight has a profound impact on our mood. 'When you're exposed to natural light, serotonin, a neurotransmitter that promotes feelings of well-being and happiness is triggered,' says Harlow.
A 2020 study in The Lancet Psychiatry found that individuals who spent more time in natural sunlight reported lower rates of anxiety and depression. This explains why Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), a form of depression that occurs during the darker months, is often treated with light therapy to mimic sunlight exposure.
Moreover, spending time in sunlight helps regulate melatonin production, the hormone responsible for sleep cycles, adds Harlow. A 2014 study published in Sleep Health that office workers with more access to natural light had better sleep quality and reduced daytime fatigue compared to those in artificially lit environments.
Sunlight and immune system support
Sun exposure doesn't just boost mood, it also strengthens the immune system. Ahuja adds, 'It helps in modulating immune responses, helping the body fend off infections and reduce inflammation. It's particularly relevant given the increasing prevalence of autoimmune diseases and frequent viral infections.
How much sunlight is enough?
As both Harlow and Ahuja explain, the amount of sun exposure needed varies based on factors like skin type, location, and time of year. Generally, it is recommended to have 10–30 minutes of midday sun exposure on bare skin, such as arms, legs, or face, several times a week to maintain healthy Vitamin D levels. However, darker skin tones require slightly longer exposure due to higher melanin levels, which reduce UVB absorption.
For those living in regions with limited sunlight, dietary sources like fatty fish, fortified dairy products, and supplements can help maintain adequate Vitamin D levels, but they may not fully replicate the benefits of direct sun exposure.
Balancing sun exposure and sun protection
This is where it gets tricky. While sunlight is essential, overexposure to UV rays increases the risk of skin cancer and premature aging. The key is moderation—brief sun exposure without sunscreen is beneficial, but prolonged exposure should be managed with SPF protection and shade. Ahuja adds, 'Studies suggest that wearing sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher still allows for some Vitamin D synthesis while reducing harmful UV damage.'
· Brief exposure without sunscreen is beneficial, but prolonged time outdoors should be managed with SPF 15+ to prevent skin damage.
· Morning or late afternoon sun exposure can be a safer alternative if UV rays are too harsh at midday.
· Wear sunglasses with UV protection to shield Wear lightweight, UV-protective clothing and a wide-brimmed hat if staying outside for an extended time.your eyes from excessive sun.
The final word: Embrace the sun, wisely
Soak up the sun—yes, just as Sheryl Crow sang—but do it wisely.
Indeed, sunlight is a natural and powerful ally in maintaining overall health as it helps our body produce Vitamin D, boost our mood, regulate sleep and supports the immune system. In a world where screen time and indoor living are more common than ever, making a conscious effort to soak up natural sunlight, even in small doses—can have lasting benefits for both the body and mind. So, step outside, take a deep breath, and let the sun work its magic, just don't forget your balance between exposure and protection.
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