6 common cancer types and symptoms to watch out for
Cancer is characterized by abnormal cell growth that may invade tissues or metastasize to other organs. It still ranks among the leading causes of death worldwide. The most commonly diagnosed cancers globally, based on the World Health Organization (WHO), are breast, lung, colorectal, prostate, stomach (gastric), and liver cancers.
Signs only manifest after the condition has set in, a factor that makes early warning sign recognition, regular screening (mammogram, screening, colonoscopy, PSA testing), and medical assessment at the onset of persistent signs a necessity. Early detection can dramatically enhance survival.
Let us take a look at some of the deadliest cancers worldwide and their symptoms to watch out for
Breast cancer
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer globally, affecting both women and, rarely, men.
It originates in breast tissue—typically the milk ducts or lobules—and is highly treatable if detected early through screening and awareness.
Symptoms:
Look for a new lump in the breast or armpit, nipple discharge, skin dimpling, or redness. Persistent breast pain or changes in size and shape can also signal potential malignancy.
Lung cancer
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths globally. It forms in lung tissues, usually due to smoking or prolonged exposure to toxic pollutants, but is also seen in non-smokers.
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Symptoms:
One should seek immediate attention if there is a persistent cough, chest pain, hoarseness, coughing up blood, or shortness of breath. Fatigue, weight loss, or frequent respiratory infections may also signal potential lung cancer.
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer arises in the colon or rectum, usually from precancerous polyps. It is the third most prevalent cancer worldwide and can be prevented or cured if detected early by routine screening.
Symptoms:
Look for blood in the stool, alteration in bowel movements, continuing abdominal pain or cramps, weakness, or unexpected weight loss. Continuing constipation or diarrhea can also indicate early colorectal problems.
Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer occurs in the prostate gland in men, usually later in life. It may be slow-growing, but it will be aggressive in some instances. Screenings are important regularly, particularly after age 50.
Symptoms
: Trouble urinating, weak flow of urine, blood in the urine or semen, and pain in the pelvis are symptoms. More progressed stages can produce bone pain or erectile dysfunction.
Stomach (Gastric) cancer
Cancer of the stomach develops in the lining of the stomach, frequently associated with long-term Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking, or dietary factors. It is more prevalent in East Asia, Eastern Europe, and South America.
Symptoms
: Indigestion, bloating after meals, nausea, abdominal pain, and unexplained loss of weight are typical.
In advanced stages, vomiting blood or black stools can occur.
Liver cancer
Liver cancer most commonly begins as hepatocellular carcinoma and is frequently due to chronic infections with hepatitis B or C, alcoholism, or fatty liver disease. It occurs more commonly in Asia and Africa.
Common symptoms:
observe upper abdominal discomfort or bloating, jaundice (yellow eyes or skin), weight loss, weakness, and darkened urine. Loss of appetite and nausea can also be present.
The importance of vigilance
Many of these cancers develop silently, presenting symptoms only after the disease has progressed significantly, in the stages where there is no going back. This highlights the necessity of routine health checkups, timely screenings, and paying attention to persistent bodily changes. According to the WHO, early detection combined with effective treatment significantly increases the chances of survival.
Recognizing the signs and acting on them promptly can save lives. When it comes to cancer, awareness isn't just power—it's protection. Learn to prioritize your health; it is the only wealth that matters.
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