Zero: There Aren't Enough Cables to Meet Power Demand
High-voltage electricity cables are in huge demand around the world, so much so that a lack of cabling has become a bottleneck throttling the clean energy transition. So why are cable manufacturers so hesitant to expand? Also, how are these giant cables made? And is China about to eat everyone's lunch? Claes Westerlind, chief executive officer of cable manufacturing company NKT, joins Zero to discuss. This is the third episode in Bottlenecks, a series exploring the lesser known obstacles standing in the way of our electrified future.
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Perplexity: The name of an AI-powered chatbot and search engine owned by Perplexity AI. It uses a large language model, like those found in other AI chatbots, to answer questions with novel answers. Its connection to the open internet also allows it to give up-to-date information and pull in results from around the web. Perplexity Pro, a paid tier of the service, is also available and uses other models, including GPT-4o, Claude 3 Opus, Mistral Large, the open-source LlaMa 3 and its own Sonar 32k. Pro users can additionally upload documents for analysis, generate images, and interpret code. prompt: The suggestion or question you enter into an AI chatbot to get a response. prompt chaining: The ability of AI to use information from previous interactions to color future responses. quantization: The process by which an AI large learning model is made smaller and more efficient (albeit, slightly less accurate) by lowering its precision from a higher format to a lower format. A good way to think about this is to compare a 16-megapixel image to an 8-megapixel image. Both are still clear and visible, but the higher resolution image will have more detail when you're zoomed in. stochastic parrot: An analogy of LLMs that illustrates that the software doesn't have a larger understanding of meaning behind language or the world around it, regardless of how convincing the output sounds. The phrase refers to how a parrot can mimic human words without understanding the meaning behind them. style transfer: The ability to adapt the style of one image to the content of another, allowing an AI to interpret the visual attributes of one image and use it on another. For example, taking the self-portrait of Rembrandt and re-creating it in the style of Picasso. temperature: Parameters set to control how random a language model's output is. 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