Who is Shubhanshu Shukla? IAF pilot set to make history as India's first astronaut on the ISS
Group Captain
is all set to make history as the
first Indian astronaut
to travel to the
International Space Station
(ISS). A decorated test pilot from the Indian Air Force and one of ISRO's four astronauts selected for India's
, Shukla will serve as the pilot on the
Axiom Mission 4
(Ax-4).
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This milestone mission marks India's return to human spaceflight after more than four decades and underscores its growing presence in international space exploration.
Shubhanshu Shukla's early life and education
Born on October 10, 1985, in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Shubhanshu Shukla completed his schooling at City Montessori School, Lucknow. Inspired by the 1999 Kargil War, he was determined to serve the nation and cleared the UPSC National Defence Academy (NDA) examination.
He earned his Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Science in 2005. Later, during his astronaut training, he pursued a Master of Technology degree in Aerospace Engineering from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, showcasing his strong academic foundation in both military and scientific disciplines.
Indian Air Force career
Shukla was commissioned into the Indian Air Force (IAF) in June 2006 as a Flying Officer in the fighter stream.
Over the years, he has become a highly experienced and respected test pilot with over 2,000 hours of flying time across a wide range of aircraft, including the Su-30 MKI, MiG-21, MiG-29, Jaguar, Hawk, Dornier 228, and An-32. As a combat leader and experimental test pilot, Shukla's expertise in aviation made him an ideal candidate for India's emerging human spaceflight program.
Shubhanshu Shukla's selection and training for the Axiom Mission 4
In 2019, Shukla was shortlisted by the Institute of Aerospace Medicine (IAM) for ISRO's first astronaut training group.
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After rigorous evaluation, he was selected among the final four astronauts. In 2020, he traveled to the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Russia for basic spaceflight training, which he completed in 2021. He then returned to India for further mission-specific preparation at ISRO's Astronaut Training Facility in Bangalore. His selection was officially announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on February 27, 2024, during a visit to the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre.
Axiom Mission 4
Group Captain Shukla will pilot the Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4), an international collaboration between NASA, SpaceX, Axiom Space, and ISRO. Axiom Mission 4 is a planned private spaceflight to the International Space Station operated by Axiom Space in partnership with SpaceX and NASA. The flight is scheduled to lift off from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center no earlier than June 9, 2025, at 12:46 UTC, and will last about two to three weeks.
The crew includes commander Peggy Whitson (USA), mission specialists Sławosz Uznanski-Wisniewski (Poland), and Tibor Kapu (Hungary). Fellow vyomanaut Prasanth Nair is designated as the backup astronaut. Shukla's participation marks a historic first for India at the ISS and is a crucial step toward the Gaganyaan human spaceflight mission.
What are the experiments he will do at the ISS?
The Ax-4 mission will conduct around 60 scientific experiments from 31 countries, with seven selected by ISRO from Indian researchers.
These include studies on:
Growth of microalgae and cyanobacteria
Muscle regeneration in microgravity
Sprouting of green gram (moong) and fenugreek — aimed at future Indian space food systems
Resilience of tardigrades (microscopic life forms)
Seed germination in space
Human-computer interaction in microgravity environments
These experiments reflect India's growing interest in space biosciences and long-duration human spaceflight research.
Personal life of Shubhanshu Shukla
Shubhanshu Shukla is married to Dr. Kamna, a dentist, and the couple has a four-year-old son. He comes from a humble family background — his father, Shambhu Dayal Shukla, is a retired government officer, and his mother, Asha Shukla, is a homemaker. He is the youngest of three siblings.
In his free time, Shukla enjoys physical exercise, reading science and space literature.
As Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla prepares to embark on the historic Axiom Mission 4, he not only carries the aspirations of a nation but also represents a new era in India's space journey. From the skies as a fighter pilot to the vast expanse of space, his remarkable journey reflects the power of dedication, discipline, and scientific ambition.
With his mission to the ISS, Shukla is set to inspire a new generation of Indians to dream beyond the boundaries of Earth and aim for the stars.
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