GCC Railway in progress: How cross-border networks can overcome legal, social hurdles

Khaleej Times

17 hours ago

The ambitious 2,117km GCC Railway, poised to interlink the key cities of the six Gulf Cooperation Council member states, is steadily progressing.
However, as the project moves forward, it might face a complex array of challenges inherent in cross-border high-speed rail (HSR) initiatives, according to SYSTRA, a global leader in public transport and mobility solutions with a significant role in the Etihad Rail project.
Cross-border HSR networks are lauded for their transformative potential, promising reduced travel times, bolstered economic growth, enhanced regional integration, and a sustainable transportation alternative.
Yet, their nature introduces significant complexities, particularly concerning national disparities in standards, operations, financial frameworks, regulations, and geopolitical considerations.
Technical hurdles
One of the primary challenges lies in harmonising diverse technical standards. SYSTRA highlights the need to align varying safety, environmental, and accessibility regulations across the participating nations.
In addition, implementing efficient customs and immigration processes for both passengers and freight is crucial to avoid excessive delays at borders. Legal harmonisation encompassing contracts, procurement, insurance, and dispute resolution, also presents a significant hurdle.
Distinct national regulations in these areas necessitate bilateral and multilateral agreements, which can extend project timelines and escalate costs. Other considerations include effective risk sharing and robust governance structures.
Environmental and social considerations
The environmental and social dimensions are integral to the success of cross-border HSR projects. It is necessary to coordinate comprehensive Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA) and mitigation actions, while respecting differing national laws.
Public engagement strategies must also be carefully coordinated. Issues such as land expropriation, potential ecological impacts, and community resistance can significantly delay or even derail projects.
Therefore, early and ongoing assessment, effective stakeholder engagement, robust mitigation measures, and strong international cooperation are vital to ensure sustainable and equitable outcomes.
Stakeholder cooperation
The success of the GCC Railway hinges on seamless coordination among a multitude of stakeholders. This includes strong governmental collaboration for high-level decisions and funding approvals.
Integrating recommendations and regulations from supranational bodies, akin to the EU or international railway agencies like UIC, is also crucial.
Another hurdle may be aligning the differing procedures and operational standards of railway operators and infrastructure managers.
The identification and early engagement of all concerned stakeholders are critical to navigate the differing interests, regulations, funding mechanisms, institutional setups, and cultural contexts.
Robust governance structures, clear communication channels, joint decision-making bodies, and a strong commitment to transparency and collaboration are essential to overcome these challenges.
Political will: The ultimate driver
Ultimately, the long-term success of the GCC Railway, like any major international infrastructure project, is deeply intertwined with political considerations.
The need for strong political will to forge bilateral or multilateral agreements and align national priorities cannot be overstated. Cross-border regulatory harmonisation, enabling seamless operations and interoperability standards, is a direct outcome of this political commitment.
Without sustained political resolve and collaboration at all levels, such complex international endeavors risk significant delays or failure to achieve their intended benefits.
Notable examples of political and environmental concerns delaying projects include the Lyon-Turin HSR and the setbacks faced by the Kuala Lumpur-Singapore HSR due to political renegotiations.
As the GCC nations press ahead with their ambitious rail vision, addressing these multifaceted challenges through coordinated efforts and unwavering political commitment will be key to unlocking the full potential of this transformative regional connector.