
India's Shubhanshu Shukla's space launch postponed again due to Space Station leak
The highly anticipated launch of Axiom Mission 4, which includes Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla, has been postponed yet again — this time due to a leak detected aboard the International Space Station (ISS) and ongoing technical issues with the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. The mission, which would mark India's return to human spaceflight after 41 years, was originally scheduled for June 11, 2025, but now faces an indefinite delay as Nasa, Axiom Space, and Isro prioritise crew safety and technical validation.advertisementNasa and Axiom Space announced the postponement after a new pressure signature was detected in the aft segment of the ISS's Zvezda service module, following recent repairs.
Cosmonauts aboard the station conducted thorough inspections, sealed potential leak points, and measured the current leak rate. While the segment is now holding pressure, Nasa and Roscosmos are taking extra time to ensure the integrity of the module before clearing any new missions to dock. Simultaneously, SpaceX engineers discovered a liquid oxygen (LOx) leak in the propulsion bay of the Falcon 9 rocket during routine pre-launch testing. Liquid oxygen is a critical component of the rocket's fuel system, and even a minor leak can pose significant risks during launch. SpaceX and ISRO teams have decided to repair the leak and conduct additional validation tests before setting a new launch date.advertisementThe Axiom-4 crew — led by former Nasa astronaut Peggy Whitson, with Shukla as pilot, and mission specialists Sawosz Uznanski-Wisniewski of Poland and Tibor Kapu of Hungary — will eventually launch aboard a SpaceX Dragon spacecraft from Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Nasa officials have emphasised that there are multiple launch windows available through June and July, but a new date will only be announced once all safety concerns are resolved. This cautious approach highlights the complexities and high stakes of human spaceflight, especially as commercial and international partnerships expand the frontier of space exploration.Tune InMust Watch
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India Today
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- India Today
Elon Musk's SpaceX makes history by completing Falcon-9's 500th mission
SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket has reached a landmark achievement, successfully completing its 500th mission to space. The milestone cements SpaceX's place as a leader in the era of reusable 500th launch, which took place at Cape Canaveral, Florida, was celebrated by SpaceX CEO Elon Musk and the entire SpaceX team.'Congratulations to the entire SpaceX team for making the impossible possible on the road to rapidly reusable rockets!' Musk declared, highlighting the company's vision of making spaceflight more sustainable and completes its 500th overall mission! Congratulations to the entire SpaceX team for making the impossible possible on the road to rapidly reusable rockets! SpaceX (@SpaceX) June 13, 2025advertisement Since its inaugural flight in 2010, Falcon 9 has revolutionised the space industry with its reusable first-stage boosters, which return to Earth and land vertically for refurbishment and breakthrough has dramatically reduced the cost of access to space and enabled a rapid cadence of launches, supporting everything from commercial satellites to International Space Station resupply Falcon 9's 500th mission is not just a demonstration of the engineering prowess but also to operational reliability. The rocket's consistent performance has made it the workhorse of SpaceX's fleet, regularly launching Starlink satellites, government payloads, and crewed reusability has set new industry standards, with some boosters flying over 20 SpaceX's achievement comes on the heels of a major postponement of the launch of Axiom-4 mission to the International Space Station due to technical issues with the 9, though, remains central to current operations, delivering on SpaceX's promise of frequent and reliable access to 500 missions completed, SpaceX has not only made history but also paved the way for a future where space travel is routine, affordable, and Watch


Time of India
an hour ago
- Time of India
NASA discovers mysterious X-shaped structures in Earth's upper atmosphere
Source: NASA's GOLD mission has made a discovery that is changing how scientists understand Earth's upper atmosphere. For the first time ever, GOLD has seen X-shaped patterns in the ionosphere—a layer of charged particles that stretches from about 50 to 400 miles above Earth's surface. These X-shaped structures were found during calm space weather, which is surprising because such patterns were thought to happen only during strong solar storms . The discovery, published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, could affect how we manage satellite communications, GPS signals, and space weather predictions. The mystery behind the X-shaped structures discovered Normally, the ionosphere has two bands of dense plasma on either side of the magnetic equator. According to IDR, these bands, called the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA), usually run parallel to each other like lanes on a road. But GOLD's new observations show that these plasma bands don't always stay in straight lines. Sometimes, they twist and merge to form X-shaped patterns. Scientists used to think these X-shapes only appeared during geomagnetic storms caused by solar activity. However, GOLD's ultraviolet camera captured them even when space weather was calm. This unexpected finding raises new questions about what causes these shapes. As per the reports, scientist at the University of Colorado, Fazlul Laskar, who led the study, said it was surprising to see the X-shapes during quiet conditions. Understanding the Ionosphere's behavior The ionosphere is a very complex and changing part of Earth's atmosphere made up of charged particles. Before, scientists mainly studied how solar storms affected it, but now they see local factors might also be important. Jeffrey Klenzing, a NASA physicist, said the X-shapes show there are smaller, local forces at work. NASA's computer models suggest that winds high in the atmosphere, just before sunset, push the plasma bands closer together. When these bands collide, they form the X-shape. Also, waves from lower in the atmosphere help disrupt the plasma. This means weather near Earth's surface can affect the ionosphere far above, impacting communication and GPS systems worldwide. Why better space weather forecasting matters We already know that solar storms cause the ionosphere to change unpredictably, disrupting signals. But GOLD's discovery shows it's more complicated. The X-shaped patterns happen even when the sun is quiet, meaning models that predict space weather need to consider more than just solar flares and storms. Since the X-shapes happen at night when the sun's influence is low, it points to winds and atmospheric tides as important drivers. How X-shapes affect communication and navigation Although these X-shaped patterns last only a few hours, they can cause big problems for communication systems like GPS. These disturbances can bend radio waves and cause errors in location data, which can affect things like farming equipment or military tools that rely on precise GPS. Jeffrey Klenzing said the different shapes of plasma bubbles close together show that the ionosphere's behavior is more complicated than scientists thought. The X-shaped events usually happen after sunset and disappear by midnight but can cause major disruptions while they last. Karan, another researcher, warned that if strong winds or vortices form in the plasma, signals can be completely lost. Also read | 100-million-year-old dinosaur eggs recovered in Jurassic America
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Business Standard
an hour ago
- Business Standard
Feeling low in midlife may be linked to dementia risk, new studies find
When we think of dementia, we often associate it with memory loss and old age. But what if your emotional health in your 40s and 50s could actually be an early sign of it? Two recent studies have come to a strikingly similar conclusion: mood disorders like depression in mid and later life could be early indicators—or even risk factors—for dementia and other diseases. Let's break it down. Study 1: Depression increases dementia risk at any life stage In a recent study published in eClinicalMedicine, experts reveal that depression at any stage can significantly increase the risk of developing dementia later in life. The study was led by Jacob Brain and Maha Alshahrani from the Institute of Mental Health and School of Medicine at the University of Nottingham, the University of Adelaide, and the Dementia Centre of Excellence at Curtin University in Australia. Lead author Jacob Brain said that the study shows depression is linked to an increased risk of dementia in both midlife and late life. 'Our findings raise the possibility that depression late in life may not just be a risk factor, but it could also be an early warning sign of dementia beginning to develop. By clarifying this timing, our work helps guide future research, treatment, and prevention strategies,' he said. Brain added: 'We specifically focused on the timing of when depression was measured—whether it was measured in midlife or in later life—and calculated how much it increased the risk of developing dementia. This essentially allowed us to provide a more accurate and up-to-date picture of how depression at different life stages is linked to dementia risk.' Study 2: Mood disorders after 40 may signal early dementia According to a separate but equally telling study by Japan's National Institute of Quantum Science and Technology, individuals who experience mood disorders after the age of 40—including depression and bipolar disorder—may be twice as likely to develop neurodegenerative diseases later in life. Researchers observed that these mood disturbances aren't just emotional hiccups or the result of life stressors. They might actually reflect underlying neurodegenerative changes already taking place in the brain. The study, published in Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, touched upon the presence of abnormal tau protein, which is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases. In patients with symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations, tau protein accumulation was larger in specific regions, such as the striatum and the frontal lobe. Why this matters: Depression is a public health priority Dementia affects over 57 million people globally. Since there is currently no cure for dementia, identifying and treating risk factors such as depression is an important public health priority. This finding is especially important for India, where both dementia and depression are growing public health challenges. Around 7.4 per cent of Indian adults aged 60 and above are living with dementia, which translates to about 8.8 million people today. At the same time, depression is widespread in India. According to the National Mental Health Survey (2015–16), nearly 15 per cent of Indian adults need mental health support, with depression being one of the most common issues. The situation worsened post-pandemic. Depression not only affects mood and daily functioning but, as the study shows, may also raise the risk of dementia later in life. What you can do: Early action matters for brain health If you or a loved one has been experiencing persistent sadness, irritability, or mood swings after age 40, it might be time to take it seriously—not just for your emotional well-being, but for your cognitive future too. Here's what experts recommend: Mental and neurological health is often considered separate. But these new studies make it clear: your mood might be one of the earliest indicators your brain gives you. Listening to it could be your first step toward prevention.