Diet is both cause and cure for MASLD, a liver condition: experts at The Hindu-Naruvi event

The Hindu

7 hours ago

As against a 30% global incidence, 40% of the Indian population is affected by metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a liver condition that remains a silent pandemic. Gastroenterologists on Sunday (June 8, 2025) discussed this disease linked to lifestyle at The Hindu-Naruvi Hospitals webinar series under the 'Healthy India Happy India' initiative.
Experts emphasised that weight reduction is the key to treating this non-alcoholic fatty liver condition triggered by unhealthy lifestyle and metabolic risk factors such as obesity, Type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance.
Speaking at the webinar on MASLD, Ashok Chacko, senior consultant and head, Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases at the Naruvi Hospitals, said the liver condition largely remains undiagnosed in 53% of Indian population who are at higher risk due to co-morbidities, because there are hardly any symptoms till the liver fails.
'Fatigue or tiredness and a mild pain on the right side of the abdomen could be the only early symptoms and often ignored. MASLD is a lifestyle disease caused due to increased intake of food and decreased exercise, and co-morbidities impact the disease progression,' he said.
Though the disease is static or reversed in 80% to 85% cases, MASLD is not harmless and cannot be ignored. Prof. Chacko said 15% of all patients develop steatotic hepatitis (inflammation of the liver), which takes seven years to develop, and 5% develop liver cirrhosis, which takes another 25 years. 'A few also get liver cancer but due to the long timespan and lack of symptoms, people neglect it,' he said.
Screening must
Referring to common doubts and concerns about fatty liver and determining the risk of developing complications, R.S. Arun, Head of Medical Gastroenterology, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, said targeted screening of those with high risk factors, and surveillance of disease progression helped in dealing with complications.
He recommended blood tests and ultrasound every six months, and a non-invasive fibroscan every one to three years. He reiterated that every person living with diabetes or pre-diabetes, hypertension, high lipid profile, elevated liver enzymes, family history of heart disease and liver cirrhosis should undergo regular check-ups.
While the treatment of MASLD starts with managing the risk factors, maintaining ideal weight and healthy lifestyle with nutrient-dense diet, adequate sleep, hydration, and following an exercise prescription is the key to reversing fatty liver, said Rabindranath E., consultant in medical gastroenterology with Naruvi Hospitals, Vellore. Diet is both the cause and cure for MASLD, he said. The mantra is to reduce the portion size and calories, and stick to a protein-rich, low-carb diet.
'Consistency in physical activity such as walking, jogging, cycling and swimming for at least 12 weeks will start reaping benefits,' said Dr. Rabindranath. He also recommended quitting smoking and alcohol, and following customised and intermittent fasting to reduce liver fat. 'But do so after consulting a doctor if you have advanced liver disease or other co-morbidities to ensure safety,' he said.
This webinar can be viewed at https://bit.ly/45S0f8K.