BrahMos-NG on Rafale: Can India's Sky-Hammer change the Indo-Pacific Game?

India.com

04-05-2025

India's decision to equip its Rafale fighter jets with the BrahMos Next Generation (NG) supersonic cruise missile brings a major boost to the country's air and naval strike capabilities. Even though India already has powerful missiles like the SCALP, Rudram, and Astra, the addition of BrahMos-NG brings new strengths—especially its speed, range, and versatility—that make it a valuable asset in today's evolving threat environment. Strategic and Tactical Strengths
1. Faster, Deadlier Strikes
BrahMos-NG can fly at Mach 3.5 (3.5 times the speed of sound) and reach up to 290 km, with a future range expected around 450 km. Compared to the subsonic SCALP missile (Mach 0.8), BrahMos-NG is far harder to intercept due to its speed. It can hit targets like enemy ships, command bunkers, and air bases with high precision. The missile's kinetic force is over 30 times greater than slower missiles, making it effective even against strongly fortified targets.
2. Safer Stand-Off Attacks
With its extended range, BrahMos-NG allows Rafale jets to hit targets without entering enemy airspace. This is a big improvement over shorter-range missiles like Exocet (70 km). For Rafale-M jets on aircraft carriers like INS Vikramaditya or INS Vikrant, this means stronger sea control in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and more freedom of movement during conflict.
3. Platform Versatility
BrahMos-NG is built to launch from air, land, sea, and submarine platforms. This multi-use design makes it easier for India to use it across aircraft like Su-30MKI, Tejas Mk1A, and now Rafale. In contrast, the SCALP missile is air-launched and mainly focused on land targets. BrahMos-NG can strike both ships and land-based targets—giving Rafale true multi-role ability.
4. Advanced Stealth and Accuracy
BrahMos-NG has reduced radar visibility and a smart AESA radar-based seeker, helping it stay hidden and strike with better accuracy. This makes it useful in tight combat areas like urban zones or near sensitive enemy infrastructure. Compared to missiles like Rudram (anti-radiation) or Astra (air-to-air), BrahMos-NG adds precision land and sea strike options to Rafale's mission load.
5. Complements Other Missiles
While SCALP offers longer range, its slower speed makes it easier to track. BrahMos-NG fills this gap by delivering quick, hard hits. Rudram and Astra are specialised systems, while BrahMos-NG adds a high-speed, multi-role option for dynamic battlefield conditions. Strategic Edge and Diplomatic Gains
1. Stronger Deterrence in the Region
With BrahMos-NG onboard, India's Rafale and Rafale-M jets become potent tools against both Pakistan and China. In future conflicts, these jets can hit targets deep inside enemy territory or hostile ships in areas like the South China Sea. BrahMos-armed Rafales enhance India's ability to carry out surgical strikes without crossing borders, just like the Su-30MKI did in earlier operations.
2. Push for Defence Exports
BrahMos has already attracted buyers like the Philippines, with more countries such as Vietnam and Indonesia showing interest. Integrating BrahMos-NG with Rafale shows India's capability to deliver cutting-edge tech—making it more competitive in the global arms market. It also reduces dependency on imported missiles like the French SCALP or Exocet, supporting the 'Make in India' initiative.
3. Boost to Indigenous Production
BrahMos-NG is a product of the Indo-Russian joint venture BrahMos Aerospace, with a high share of Indian components. Unlike SCALP, which is fully French, BrahMos-NG supports local industry. A new factory in Lucknow is expected to make up to 100 missiles a year by 2026, creating jobs and strengthening India's military manufacturing. Rafale's Firepower Grows Sharper
1. Smart Integration with Rafale Systems
India has full software access to Rafale's systems, making it easier to integrate Indian missiles. This allows Rafale to operate with a mix of weapons—Meteor for air combat, SCALP for stealth attacks, and now BrahMos-NG for supersonic strikes. Plans to equip Rafale with two BrahMos-NG missiles per sortie could double its firepower, giving it an edge in multi-target missions.
2. Naval Aviation Upgraded
For the Navy's 26 Rafale-M jets, BrahMos-NG is a game changer. These jets will replace older MiG-29Ks, which often face maintenance issues. Compared to the Indian-made NASM-MR missile (300 km, subsonic), BrahMos-NG offers faster, more lethal performance—giving India better control over key maritime zones and chokepoints in the IOR. Integration Challenges and Planning
1. Complex Integration Process
Adding BrahMos-NG to Rafale isn't simple. It requires changes to software, electronics, and aircraft structure—similar to the Su-30MKI process. Since BrahMos-NG is Indo-Russian and Rafale is French, extra components may be needed to connect systems. Tests are expected by 2026, after Su-30MKI trials.
2. High Costs, but Big Payoff
The project, including integration and missile production, will cost around ₹8,000 crore for 400 units. India must balance this with funding for other missile systems like Rudram, Astra, and the maintenance of SCALP. Still, the long-term value in self-reliance and export potential outweighs the cost.
3. Need for Operational Readiness
Integrating the missile is only the first step. Full combat readiness needs pilot training, testing under real conditions, and updates based on field feedback to ensure BrahMos-NG performs smoothly on Rafale platforms. Where BrahMos-NG Stands Among Others SCALP : Longer reach (560 km) and stealthy, but slower and less effective in fast-strike needs. BrahMos-NG provides speed and dual-use value.
: Longer reach (560 km) and stealthy, but slower and less effective in fast-strike needs. BrahMos-NG provides speed and dual-use value. Rudram : Specialised to destroy enemy radars; useful, but not a general-purpose strike missile.
: Specialised to destroy enemy radars; useful, but not a general-purpose strike missile. Astra : Air-to-air missile; not suited for land or sea targets like BrahMos-NG.
: Air-to-air missile; not suited for land or sea targets like BrahMos-NG. NASM-MR: Indian naval missile with decent range, but BrahMos-NG is faster, heavier, and more capable for major naval threats. Final Word
Equipping Rafale with BrahMos-NG adds unmatched firepower to India's armed forces. With supersonic speed, pinpoint accuracy, and multi-role use, this missile fits perfectly with India's evolving air and naval strategy. It complements existing systems, boosts India's defence exports, and strengthens the drive for Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India).
Challenges like integration and costs exist—but the payoff is clear. Once operational, BrahMos-NG on Rafale could give India a decisive edge in the Indo-Pacific, reshaping how regional powers engage with a rising India.
—— E.O.M ( The author Girish Linganna of this article is an award-winning Science Writer and a Defence, Aerospace & Political Analyst based in Bengaluru. He is also Director of ADD Engineering Components, India, Pvt. Ltd, a subsidiary of ADD Engineering GmbH, Germany. You can reach him at: [e-mail] )