US Ally Intercepts Chinese Fleet Breaching Pacific Island Chain
Based on facts, either observed and verified firsthand by the reporter, or reported and verified from knowledgeable sources.
Newsweek AI is in beta. Translations may contain inaccuracies—please refer to the original content.
A fleet of Chinese naval vessels, led by an amphibious assault ship, has been operating in the contested waters off southwestern Japan, beyond a strategic Western Pacific island chain meant to keep China's forces in check.
Newsweek has reached out to the Chinese Defense Ministry for comment by email.
Why It Matters
Japan, along with U.S.-friendly Taiwan and the U.S. treaty ally Philippines, forms part of the so-called first island chain, an American maritime containment strategy that aims to restrict China's military to its coastal waters with the help of U.S.-aligned territories in the region.
China has the world's largest navy by hull count, with more than 370 ships and submarines, including three Type 075 amphibious assault ships currently in active service. These vessels can project both ground and air power during island-landing operations in contested waters.
Beijing is expanding its military reach and presence within and beyond the Western Pacific island chain, a challenge to Washington's historical naval dominance. Chinese warships have often been seen operating east of the first island chain and approaching the second island chain.
Aerial view of the Chinese Type 075 amphibious assault ship CNS Hainan moored at Macun Port in Hainan Province of China on April 22, 2025.
Aerial view of the Chinese Type 075 amphibious assault ship CNS Hainan moored at Macun Port in Hainan Province of China on April 22, 2025.
Luo Yunfei/China News Service/VCG via AP
What To Know
A group of five Chinese navy ships was detected traveling south through the Miyako Strait—a waterway in Japan's southwestern islands—from the East China Sea toward the Philippine Sea, according to the report issued by the Joint Staff Office of Japan's Defense Ministry.
The Chinese flotilla comprised the Type 075 amphibious assault ship Anhui; the Type 052D destroyer Suzhou; a pair of Type 054A frigates, the Zhoushan and the Xuzhou; and the Type 071 amphibious transport dock Longhushan—all identified by their hull numbers.
Meanwhile, satellite imagery captured Sunday appeared to show three Chinese naval vessels—including a Type 075 amphibious assault ship, a Type 071 amphibious transport dock and a Type 054A frigate—operating 229 miles east from Taiwan's southernmost point.
However, it was not immediately clear whether the Chinese ships were the same ones that had transited the Miyako Strait earlier. If confirmed, this would mark the second time the Anhui has operated both near Japan's southwestern islands and Taiwan since February.
The Chinese navy's regular presence in the area will have implications for any U.S. defense strategy to prevent the forcibly seizure of self-ruled Taiwan, the island Beijing has long claims is part of Chinese territory. A Taiwan Strait crisis would likely impact the Philippines as well.
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea defines a coastal state's territorial waters as extending up to 12 nautical miles (13.8 miles) from its coastline, while its exclusive economic zone extends a further 200 nautical miles (230 miles) beyond that.
Japan did not report any breach of territorial waters.
Great work by @TaiwanMonitor & @songs349 (if you are interested in the PLAN/Taiwan, give them both a follow)
In addition to the Type 075 and Type 071, there appears to be a Type 54A frigate with the group as well
Also, could be rotary wing ops in progress near the Type 075 LHD https://t.co/E2cEWfnk9l pic.twitter.com/xY3UyB1loo — MT Anderson (@MT_Anderson) May 18, 2025
What People Are Saying
Japan's 2024 Defense White Paper read: "China has been rapidly building up military capabilities while intensifying its activities in the East China Sea…as well as in the Pacific."
Senior Colonel Wu Qian, China's Defense Ministry spokesperson, said: "Japan has been closely tracking, monitoring, and interfering with Chinese vessels and aircraft for a long time, jeopardizing the safety of Chinese vessels and aircraft and easily causing maritime and air security problems."
The Pentagon's China military power report said: "The [People's Liberation Army Navy]'s ability to perform missions beyond the [first island chain] is modest but growing as it gains more experience operating in distant waters and acquires larger and more advanced platforms."
What Happens Next
It remains to be seen whether the Anhui-led naval task group will be part of a Chinese military exercise around Taiwan.
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