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The Herald
21-04-2025
- Politics
- The Herald
The steps to choose a successor to Pope Francis
With the death of Pope Francis, announced by the Vatican on Monday, the Roman Catholic Church will begin elaborate rituals steeped in tradition that mark the end of one papacy and lead to the start of the next. Most are governed by a constitution known as Universi Dominici Gregis (Of the Lord's Whole Flock) approved by Pope John Paul II in 1996 and revised by Pope Benedict XVI in 2007 and 2013. A cardinal known as the camerlengo (chamberlain), currently Irish-American Cardinal Kevin Farrell, will run the ordinary affairs of the nearly 1.4 billion-member Roman Catholic Church during the period known as the 'sede vacante' (empty chair). He officially confirms the pope's death, a simple matter these days involving a doctor and a death certificate. Until sometime in the 20th century, this was ritually done by tapping a silver hammer on the pope's forehead three times. The camerlengo and three assistants chosen from among cardinals under 80 years of age, known as cardinal electors, decide when the pope's body is to be taken into St Peter's Basilica for the public to pay their respects. They also make sure the pope's 'Fisherman's Ring' and his lead seal are broken so they cannot be used by anyone else. No autopsy is performed. The camerlengo locks and seals the pope's personal residence. In the past, this was in apartments in the Apostolic Palace but Francis lived in a small suite in the Vatican guest house known as Santa Marta. The camerlengo and the other cardinals cannot make major decisions affecting the Church or change its teachings. The heads of most Vatican departments resign until the new pope confirms or replaces them. Mourning rites last nine days, with the date of the funeral and burial to be decided by the cardinals. Universi Dominici Gregis says they should start between the fourth and sixth day after his death. PAPAL FUNERAL Pope Francis, who shunned much of the pomp and privilege of leading the global Catholic Church, modified and simplified the papal funeral rites in 2024. The funeral Mass is still expected to be held in St Peter's Square, but unlike many predecessors, Francis asked to be buried in Rome's St Mary Major Basilica to be near his favourite icon of the Madonna. Francis also asked to be buried in a simple wooden casket, unlike predecessors who were buried in three interlocking caskets made of cypress, lead and oak. He asked that his body not be put on display atop a raised platform, or catafalque, in St Peter's Basilica for visitors in Rome to view, as was the case with previous popes. THE CONCLAVE Cardinals from around the world descend on Rome after the death of a pontiff. They hold daily meetings known as general congregations to discuss Church matters, and lay out the characteristics each believes the new pope should have. Cardinals aged 80 or over can attend the general congregations but are not allowed to enter the conclave to choose the next pope, which is a gathering of cardinals under the age of 80. Much of the discussion takes place in personal interactions between the cardinals. Traditionally, a mourning period of 15 days is observed before a conclave can begin. Before he resigned in 2013, Pope Benedict modified the constitution to allow it to begin sooner if the cardinals choose to, or a maximum of 20 days after the death if some cardinals have difficulty getting to Rome. The conclave is held in the Sistine Chapel. Until the two conclaves in 1978 that elected John Paul I and John Paul II, the cardinals stayed in makeshift rooms around the Sistine Chapel. Since the 2005 conclave that elected Pope Benedict, they have voted in the Sistine Chapel but stayed in the Santa Marta guest house, with about 130 rooms. Santa Marta is sealed off and they are taken by bus to the Sistine Chapel. The word conclave comes from the Latin for 'with a key'. It stems from a tradition that started in the 13th century where cardinals were locked up to force them to decide as quickly as possible and limit outside interference. These days the participants are prohibited from any communication with the outside world. Phones, internet and newspapers are not allowed and Vatican police use electronic security apparatus to enforce the rules. Except for the first day of the conclave, when there is one vote, the cardinals vote twice a day. A majority of two-thirds plus one is needed for election. If no one is elected after 13 days, a run-off is held between the two leading candidates but a two-thirds plus one majority is still needed. This is to promote unity and discourage seeking compromise candidates. 'HABEMUS PAPAM' When the conclave has elected a pope, he is asked if he accepts and which name he wishes to take. If he declines, the procedure starts again. The new pope dons white vestments that have been prepared in three sizes and sits on a throne in the Sistine Chapel to receive the other cardinals, who pay homage and pledge obedience. The world will know that a pope has been elected when an official burns the paper ballots with special chemicals to make white smoke pour out of the chapel's chimney. Black smoke indicates an inconclusive vote. The senior elector among the cardinal deacons, currently French Cardinal Dominique Mamberti, steps on to the central balcony of St Peter's Basilica to announce to the crowds in the square 'Habemus Papam' (We have a Pope). The new pope then appears and gives the crowd his first blessing as pontiff. Reuters
TimesLIVE
21-04-2025
- Politics
- TimesLIVE
The steps to choose a successor to Pope Francis
With the death of Pope Francis, announced by the Vatican on Monday, the Roman Catholic Church will begin elaborate rituals steeped in tradition that mark the end of one papacy and lead to the start of the next. Most are governed by a constitution known as Universi Dominici Gregis (Of the Lord's Whole Flock) approved by Pope John Paul II in 1996 and revised by Pope Benedict XVI in 2007 and 2013. A cardinal known as the camerlengo (chamberlain), currently Irish-American Cardinal Kevin Farrell, will run the ordinary affairs of the nearly 1.4 billion-member Roman Catholic Church during the period known as the 'sede vacante' (empty chair). He officially confirms the pope's death, a simple matter these days involving a doctor and a death certificate. Until sometime in the 20th century, this was ritually done by tapping a silver hammer on the pope's forehead three times. The camerlengo and three assistants chosen from among cardinals under 80 years of age, known as cardinal electors, decide when the pope's body is to be taken into St Peter's Basilica for the public to pay their respects. They also make sure the pope's 'Fisherman's Ring' and his lead seal are broken so they cannot be used by anyone else. No autopsy is performed. The camerlengo locks and seals the pope's personal residence. In the past, this was in apartments in the Apostolic Palace but Francis lived in a small suite in the Vatican guest house known as Santa Marta. The camerlengo and the other cardinals cannot make major decisions affecting the Church or change its teachings. The heads of most Vatican departments resign until the new pope confirms or replaces them. Mourning rites last nine days, with the date of the funeral and burial to be decided by the cardinals. Universi Dominici Gregis says they should start between the fourth and sixth day after his death. PAPAL FUNERAL Pope Francis, who shunned much of the pomp and privilege of leading the global Catholic Church, modified and simplified the papal funeral rites in 2024. The funeral Mass is still expected to be held in St Peter's Square, but unlike many predecessors, Francis asked to be buried in Rome's St Mary Major Basilica to be near his favourite icon of the Madonna. Francis also asked to be buried in a simple wooden casket, unlike predecessors who were buried in three interlocking caskets made of cypress, lead and oak. He asked that his body not be put on display atop a raised platform, or catafalque, in St Peter's Basilica for visitors in Rome to view, as was the case with previous popes. THE CONCLAVE Cardinals from around the world descend on Rome after the death of a pontiff. They hold daily meetings known as general congregations to discuss Church matters, and lay out the characteristics each believes the new pope should have. Cardinals aged 80 or over can attend the general congregations but are not allowed to enter the conclave to choose the next pope, which is a gathering of cardinals under the age of 80. Much of the discussion takes place in personal interactions between the cardinals. Traditionally, a mourning period of 15 days is observed before a conclave can begin. Before he resigned in 2013, Pope Benedict modified the constitution to allow it to begin sooner if the cardinals choose to, or a maximum of 20 days after the death if some cardinals have difficulty getting to Rome. The conclave is held in the Sistine Chapel. Until the two conclaves in 1978 that elected John Paul I and John Paul II, the cardinals stayed in makeshift rooms around the Sistine Chapel. Since the 2005 conclave that elected Pope Benedict, they have voted in the Sistine Chapel but stayed in the Santa Marta guest house, with about 130 rooms. Santa Marta is sealed off and they are taken by bus to the Sistine Chapel. The word conclave comes from the Latin for 'with a key'. It stems from a tradition that started in the 13th century where cardinals were locked up to force them to decide as quickly as possible and limit outside interference. These days the participants are prohibited from any communication with the outside world. Phones, internet and newspapers are not allowed and Vatican police use electronic security apparatus to enforce the rules. Except for the first day of the conclave, when there is one vote, the cardinals vote twice a day. A majority of two-thirds plus one is needed for election. If no one is elected after 13 days, a run-off is held between the two leading candidates but a two-thirds plus one majority is still needed. This is to promote unity and discourage seeking compromise candidates. 'HABEMUS PAPAM' When the conclave has elected a pope, he is asked if he accepts and which name he wishes to take. If he declines, the procedure starts again. The new pope dons white vestments that have been prepared in three sizes and sits on a throne in the Sistine Chapel to receive the other cardinals, who pay homage and pledge obedience. The world will know that a pope has been elected when an official burns the paper ballots with special chemicals to make white smoke pour out of the chapel's chimney. Black smoke indicates an inconclusive vote. The senior elector among the cardinal deacons, currently French Cardinal Dominique Mamberti, steps on to the central balcony of St Peter's Basilica to announce to the crowds in the square 'Habemus Papam' (We have a Pope). The new pope then appears and gives the crowd his first blessing as pontiff.
The Star
21-04-2025
- Politics
- The Star
Factbox-What happens now, after the death of Pope Francis
FILE PHOTO: Pope Francis walks with his pastoral staff as he leads the Epiphany mass in Saint Peter's Basilica at the Vatican January 6, 2014. REUTERS/Max Rossi/File Photo VATICAN CITY (Reuters) - Here is what happens next in the Roman Catholic Church following the death of Pope Francis, which was announced by the Vatican on Monday. The rituals mark the end of one papacy and the start of the next: ** The pope's camerlengo (chamberlain), Cardinal Kevin Farrell, officially confirms the death. He then seals the pope's private apartment and prepares the funeral. ** The camerlengo and three assistants decide when the pope's coffin will be taken into St. Peter's Basilica for public viewing. They also make sure the pope's "Fisherman's Ring" and his lead seal are broken so they cannot be used by anyone else. No autopsy is performed. ** Mourning rites last nine days, with the date of the funeral and burial to be decided by the cardinals. The funeral would normally be held four to six days after the death, in St. Peter's Square. Francis had said that unlike many predecessors, he would not be laid to rest in the crypt of St. Peter's Basilica, but in Rome's St. Mary Major Basilica. He also asked to be buried in a simple wooden casket. ** The College of Cardinals oversees day-to-day business during the interregnum. They have limited power and much of the central Church administration grinds to a halt. ** The conclave to elect a new pope starts in the Vatican's Sistine Chapel between 15 and 20 days after the death. The cardinals, who are confined to the Vatican for the duration of the conclave, decide the exact day. ** All cardinals under the age of 80 can take part in the secret ballot. They need a majority of at least two-thirds plus one to elect the new pope, so the voting can take several rounds spread over numerous days. When the election is concluded, the new pope is asked if he accepts and what name he wishes to take. ** The world learns a pope has been elected when an official burns the paper ballots with special chemicals to make white smoke pour from the chapel's chimney. They use other chemicals to make black smoke indicating an inconclusive vote. ** The dean of the College of Cardinals steps onto the central balcony of St. Peter's Basilica to announce "Habemus Papam" (We have a pope). The new pope then appears and gives the crowd in the square his blessing. (Reporting by Crispian Balmer and Joshua McElwee; Editing by Frances Kerry)
Reuters
21-04-2025
- Politics
- Reuters
Pope Francis death: what happens next?
Summary Camerlengo confirms death, seals apartment, prepares funeral Mourning rites last nine days, funeral in St. Peter's Square Conclave to elect new pope starts 15-20 days after death VATICAN CITY, April 21 (Reuters) - Here is what happens next in the Roman Catholic Church following the death of Pope Francis, which was announced by the Vatican on Monday. The rituals mark the end of one papacy and the start of the next: ** The pope's camerlengo (chamberlain), Cardinal Kevin Farrell, officially confirms the death. He then seals the pope's private apartment and prepares the funeral. The Reuters Tariff Watch newsletter is your daily guide to the latest global trade and tariff news. Sign up here. ** The camerlengo and three assistants decide when the pope's coffin will be taken into St. Peter's Basilica for public viewing. They also make sure the pope's "Fisherman's Ring" and his lead seal are broken so they cannot be used by anyone else. No autopsy is performed. ** Mourning rites last nine days, with the date of the funeral and burial to be decided by the cardinals. The funeral would normally be held four to six days after the death, in St. Peter's Square. Francis had said that unlike many predecessors, he would not be laid to rest in the crypt of St. Peter's Basilica, but in Rome's St. Mary Major Basilica. He also asked to be buried in a simple wooden casket. ** The College of Cardinals oversees day-to-day business during the interregnum. They have limited power and much of the central Church administration grinds to a halt. ** The conclave to elect a new pope starts in the Vatican's Sistine Chapel between 15 and 20 days after the death. The cardinals, who are confined to the Vatican for the duration of the conclave, decide the exact day. ** All cardinals under the age of 80 can take part in the secret ballot. They need a majority of at least two-thirds plus one to elect the new pope, so the voting can take several rounds spread over numerous days. When the election is concluded, the new pope is asked if he accepts and what name he wishes to take. ** The world learns a pope has been elected when an official burns the paper ballots with special chemicals to make white smoke pour from the chapel's chimney. They use other chemicals to make black smoke indicating an inconclusive vote. ** The dean of the College of Cardinals steps onto the central balcony of St. Peter's Basilica to announce "Habemus Papam" (We have a pope). The new pope then appears and gives the crowd in the square his blessing.
The Independent
11-03-2025
- General
- The Independent
Rare 13th century artefact found in muddy field to fetch more than £15,000 at auction
A jewelled medieval bishop's ring, unearthed from a muddy field in Norfolk by a metal detectorist is expected to fetch more than £15,000 at auction. The artefact was discovered by retired firefighter Mark Sell on a cold but sunny afternoon in November 2019 on King Row in the village of Shipdham - a location steeped in history and mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086. Experts believe the rare artefact dates back to the late 12th or early 13th century. 'I was amazed to see a thin line of gold in the clod of mud that I had dug up, and as I wiped away the mud, I could see the bezel of a medieval gold jewelled ring,' the 63-year-old from Swaffham said. 'I could also see that the ring was complete with all of the original jewels still in place and was in pristine condition.' The artefact is to be sold at auction at Noonans Mayfair in London on March 26, and has a pre-auction estimate of £15,000 to £18,000. 'I had been on the field a couple of times before but had not found anything of importance and had been detecting for a couple of hours with a friend, using my XP Deus metal detector, when just before it started to go dark I got a faint signal and dug down about nine inches to find what has to be the best item I have found so far,' he said. Mr Sell reported the find to the landowner and took it to show him and his family before it was deposited with his local Finds Liaison Officer. Norwich Castle Museum and the British Museum were involved in the treasure process and the British Museum put the ring on temporary display while in its care. Norwich Castle Museum had also shown interest in acquiring the ring for its permanent display, Noonans said. Laura Smith, jewellery expert at Noonans, said that the village of Shipdham – where the ring was found – was 'well established by the time of the Norman Conquest'. She said the village was 'extensively detailed in the Domesday Book of 1086, and at that time recorded as being within the largest 20 per cent of settlements in England'. 'During the reign of Henry III (1207-1272) the Bishop of Ely built a manor house at Shipdham, the moat in evidence on 19th century maps,' said Ms Smith. She said that this form of ring could be 'securely dated to the late 12th or early 13th century, and is associated with the bishopric'. This type of medieval ring is characterised by a 'principal cabochon stone, usually a sapphire, surrounded by smaller collet set satellite stones – garnets or rubies, and emeralds', she added. 'Other similar rings include one belonging to Walter de Gray, the wealthy and powerful archbishop of York – archbishop from 1215 until his death in 1255 – which is on display at York Minster; as well as the Bishop of Chichester's Ring and the Whithorn Cathedral ring,' she said. Proceeds from the sale of the King Row Ring will be shared between Mr Sell and the landowner.
