Latest news with #DaveWaldner
Calgary Herald
25-05-2025
- Health
- Calgary Herald
Northern Alberta epicenter for rare coyote-borne tapeworm: U of A doctor
Article content A forty-fold increase in a Canadian strain of coyote-borne tapeworm that can cross to the human population is causing concerns for doctors in northern Alberta. Article content Article content Echinococcus multilocularis is a zoonotic parasite that resides quite harmlessly in coyotes, foxes, wolves— even domestic dogs and cats, but the symptoms in humans are enough to make you wash your hands, rinse, and repeat if you shake a paw. Article content Article content Dr. Dave Waldner is an infectious diseases physician affiliated with the University of Alberta. Article content Article content 'We haven't had it as an issue in Alberta and Canada for too long, but over the last several years, it's certainly been emerging and concerning,' Waldner said. Article content Current diagnosed cases put the risk as low — one in 100,000 Albertans. Article content The first was identified in 2013 in Edmonton, and the majority of Alberta cases are in the northern half of the province. Article content Mice and voles perpetuate the disease by eating eggs shed in canid dung and then being consumed by a predator. Article content The disease was probably inadvertently imported from Europe in a dog or fox, which aren't required to be dewormed, and does not cause obvious symptoms in the host coyote, fox, dog, or cat. Article content 'We've now identified over 40 cases in Alberta, and there's several more throughout other parts of Canada, but Alberta seems to be a bit of a hot spot,' Waldner said. Article content Article content 'We have the majority of the cases in Canada.' Article content Article content The spread Article content According to a May 2022 bulletin from Office of the Chief Medical Officer of Health, posted on Alberta Health's MyHealth website, the disease caused by the tapeworm, alveolar echinococcosis (AE) spreads animal-to-person but not person-to-person. Article content 'People can be infected by E. multi by accidentally swallowing tapeworm eggs from contaminated food or water, or from handling infected animals,' it reads. Article content Alberta Health said the common ways of getting AE include eating foods (usually wild berries and herbs) or drinking water that has been contaminated with the stool of an infected coyote, fox, dog, or cat.
Vancouver Sun
25-05-2025
- Health
- Vancouver Sun
Northern Alberta epicenter for rare coyote-borne tapeworm: U of A doctor
A forty-fold increase in a Canadian strain of coyote-borne tapeworm that can cross to the human population is causing concerns for doctors in northern Alberta. Echinococcus multilocularis is a zoonotic parasite that resides quite harmlessly in coyotes , foxes, wolves— even domestic dogs and cats, but the symptoms in humans are enough to make you wash your hands, rinse, and repeat if you shake a paw. Dr. Dave Waldner is an infectious diseases physician affiliated with the University of Alberta. Start your day with a roundup of B.C.-focused news and opinion. By signing up you consent to receive the above newsletter from Postmedia Network Inc. A welcome email is on its way. If you don't see it, please check your junk folder. The next issue of Sunrise will soon be in your inbox. Please try again Interested in more newsletters? Browse here. 'We haven't had it as an issue in Alberta and Canada for too long, but over the last several years, it's certainly been emerging and concerning,' Waldner said. Current diagnosed cases put the risk as low — one in 100,000 Albertans. The first was identified in 2013 in Edmonton, and the majority of Alberta cases are in the northern half of the province. Mice and voles perpetuate the disease by eating eggs shed in canid dung and then being consumed by a predator. The disease was probably inadvertently imported from Europe in a dog or fox, which aren't required to be dewormed, and does not cause obvious symptoms in the host coyote, fox, dog, or cat. 'We've now identified over 40 cases in Alberta, and there's several more throughout other parts of Canada, but Alberta seems to be a bit of a hot spot,' Waldner said. 'We have the majority of the cases in Canada.' According to a May 2022 bulletin from Office of the Chief Medical Officer of Health, posted on Alberta Health's MyHealth website, the disease caused by the tapeworm, alveolar echinococcosis (AE) spreads animal-to-person but not person-to-person. 'People can be infected by E. multi by accidentally swallowing tapeworm eggs from contaminated food or water, or from handling infected animals,' it reads. Alberta Health said the common ways of getting AE include eating foods (usually wild berries and herbs) or drinking water that has been contaminated with the stool of an infected coyote, fox, dog, or cat. 'Touching, petting, or handling a household pet infected with the tapeworm, then accidentally swallowing the tapeworm eggs by touching your mouth. Infected pets can have tapeworm eggs in their stool and their fur may be contaminated. 'Handling animals like coyotes, foxes, or dogs as part of your job or hobby (e.g., trappers, veterinarians, veterinary technicians),' the site said. Waldner said typically voles or mice eat the eggs, which turn into larva, at which point the mammals prey on the rodents, and the larva hatch into tapeworms. 'We as humans become infected by inadvertently taking the place of the rodents, so somehow, coming into contact and consuming those eggs that are passed in the feces,' Waldner said. Likely sources are vegetables or fruits in the garden, or trappers who are coming in close contact with animals, he said. The coyotes are the likeliest transmitters in northern Alberta, he said, adding there are around 2,000 in Edmonton's river valley. Alas, the eggs are 'super robust.' 'They can resist extremely cold temperatures, so our winter won't kill them off,' he said. For a human, the tiny larvae cause lesions in the liver — more like an expanding tumor with necrotic centres — but it doesn't stop there. 'It kind of behaves like a cancer and can metastasize to all over the body. And it can also spread locally and then basically throughout the liver and into adjacent organs and structures,' Waldner said. AE can metastasize to the brain. It's a medical problem that needs to be treated, Waldner said, although he's not aware of any fatalities from the parasite among his patients. While symptoms may include pain or discomfort in the upper belly, weakness, weight loss, symptoms mimicking liver cancer or liver disease, it can be hard to diagnose. Blood serology tests can be inconclusive, showing previous exposure and not necessarily current infection. Ultrasounds are expensive and not always conclusive. In many cases, the masses formed by the lesions might not exhibit symptoms unless they block a bile duct, and may go unnoticed until the host gets a liver scan, which gets biopsied. Then it's the good news-bad news scenario: 'Well, it's not cancer.' Waldner said with treatment, people do well and can survive for very long periods of time. Ideally, they'd have it surgically removed. Otherwise, they're on lifelong medication to control the infection. The preferred medication isn't Health Canada approved, so requires special authorization for use and importation, he said. 'But we know that in the absence of treatment, like if someone was not treated for whatever reason, it can be very severe and fatal,' he said. The Alberta Health site recommends good hand hygiene like washing hands with soap and water after touching pets, and before touching food. Wash or cook wild picked foods such as berries and herbs carefully before eating them. Talk to your veterinarian about ways to prevent E. multi tapeworm infection in your pets. Do not allow your pets to eat rodents or other wild animals. Keep your pet clean. Some dogs will roll in wild animal stool and can then spread tapeworm eggs from their fur to the home environment. For those dealing with wild animals in their profession, wear disposable gloves if you are handling a coyote, fox, or other wild animal (dead or alive). Bookmark our website and support our journalism: Don't miss the news you need to know — add and to your bookmarks and sign up for our newsletters here . You can also support our journalism by becoming a digital subscriber. Subscribers gain unlimited access to The Edmonton Journal, Edmonton Sun, National Post and 13 other Canadian news sites. Support us by subscribing today: The Edmonton Journal | The Edmonton Sun .
