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New York Times
12-05-2025
- Health
- New York Times
Robert Shapiro, Who Made NutraSweet a Household Name, Dies at 86
Robert B. Shapiro, a brash former law professor turned corporate executive who performed a marketing miracle by branding aspartame as the sugar substitute NutraSweet and making it a household name that consumers demanded in thousands of products, died on May 2 at his home in Chicago. He was 86. The cause was pancreatic cancer, his son James Shapiro said. Aspartame was invented by chemists at the pharmaceutical company G.D. Searle in Illinois in 1965 and approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in soft drinks in 1983, a year after Mr. Shapiro became chief executive and chairman of what the company was already calling its NutraSweet subsidiary. Unlike its chief rival, saccharin, which had dominated the market in the 25 years since it was approved, aspartame leaves no bitter aftertaste and wasn't suspected of being linked to cancer. (In 2023, however, the World Health Organization identified aspartame, on the basis of 'limited evidence,' as 'possibly carcinogenic.') It has virtually no calories and, despite its brand name, virtually no essential nutritional value. In 1985, Searle sold $700 million worth of aspartame, identified as NutraSweet by the tiny but distinctive red-and-white swirl logo that appeared on the packaging of food and drink products that appealed to dieters and other consumers who wanted to avoid sugar. 'Shapiro built a marketing campaign around that trademark, convincing consumers that NutraSweet (and no other company's version of the very same sweetener) was the key to losing weight,' Daniel Charles wrote in 'Lords of the Harvest: Biotech, Big Money, and the Future of Food' (2001). Mr. Shapiro's role in branding and marketing NutraSweet, which costs more than saccharin but is sweeter, earned him a place in the 'business history books,' Jesse Meyers, the publisher of the industry newsletter Beverage Digest, told The New York Times in 1989. Products had been branded routinely, but rarely had a single ingredient that they contained. Federal authorities approved Simplesse, a fat substitute developed by NutraSweet, as an ingredient in frozen desserts in 1988 and, later, in other products. Searle was bought by Monsanto in 1985. Mr. Shapiro was named president of the parent company in 1993 and chief executive in 1995, as Monsanto transitioned from mostly manufacturing chemicals to making drugs and genetically modified seeds, fertilizer and food additives. Mr. Shapiro and his colleagues insisted that biotechnology products created by the company reduced the need for pesticides and weed control, expanded the food supply and reduced the amount of land needed to farm. When Mr. Shapiro became Monsanto's chief executive, 'he carried the company's already serious commitment to biotechnology to a whole new level, both psychologically and financially,' Rachel Schurman and William A. Munro wrote in 'Fighting for the Future of Food: Activists Versus Agribusiness in the Struggle Over Biotechnology' (2010). 'Shapiro was by all accounts a persuasive, inspiring and motivational leader,' the authors added. 'Indeed, Monsanto employees described him as a 'visionary' who swept people up with his larger sense of purpose and broad perspective on the technology.' But environmental critics accused Monsanto of tampering with nature by concocting potentially dangerous vegetation and monopolizing the market for seeds. The company soon found itself struggling in the face of legal challenges, regulatory rulings and adverse public opinion in the United States and Europe. 'In retrospect, it seems incredibly naïve,' Mr. Shapiro said, but 'we painted a big bull's-eye on our chest.' In a video address to the environmental advocacy group Greenpeace in 1999, Mr. Shapiro acknowledged: 'Our confidence in this technology and our enthusiasm for it has, I think, widely been seen, and understandably so, as condescension or indeed arrogance. Because we thought it was our job to persuade, too often we forgot to listen.' William C. Miller acknowledged in his book 'Flash of Brilliance: Inspiring Creativity Where You Work' (1998) that 'some of Monsanto's products are controversial.' But, he added, 'What you can't argue about Bob Shapiro is that within his belief system, he's absolutely sincere about doing what he thinks is the way to go to address hunger and address nutrition, as the world population explodes from six billion to 10 billion.' Robert Bernard Shapiro was born on Aug. 4, 1938, in Manhattan. His father, Moses Shapiro, was the chairman and chief executive of the electronics company General Instrument. His mother, Lilly (Langsam) Shapiro, had worked for ASCAP, the music licensing organization. He attended the Horace Mann School in the Bronx before earning a bachelor's degree in 1959 from Harvard College, where he studied English and history, and a law degree in 1962 from Columbia Law School. Mr. Shapiro practiced law in New York (he represented rent strikers in East Harlem and the poet Allen Ginsberg, among others, without fee) and taught at the law schools of Columbia, the University of Wisconsin and Northeastern University. He was a lawyer for the U.S. Transportation Department during the Johnson administration before joining General Instrument, where he worked from 1972 to 1979 as vice president and counsel. He joined Searle in 1979. After Monsanto merged with Pharmacia & Upjohn in 1999, he served as chairman of the combined company, Pharmacia Corporation, until early 2001. A liberal Democrat who had no formal training in science, Mr. Shapiro was more comfortable playing the casual college professor than the high-powered lawyer. He offered his employees free silent meditation retreats and performed as a folk guitarist. (His children Nina and James were in the alternative rock band Veruca Salt in the 1990s.) After stepping down as chairman of Pharmacia Corporation, he was a founder of Sandbox Industries, a venture capital firm. He was also an early board member of Theranos, the blood-testing company established by Elizabeth Holmes, who was later convicted of fraud. In addition to his son James and his daughter Nina Gordon, both from his marriage to Berta Gordon, he is survived by his wife, Ginger Farley; two children, Kai and Gabe Shapiro, from his later marriage to Kemery Bloom; his stepchildren, Harley Mac Cionaodha and Lydia Link; his sister, Susan Garfield; his brother, Bill Shapiro; and four grandchildren. 'We did proceed on the basis of our confidence in the technology,' Mr. Shapiro said of Monsanto in an interview with The Wall Street Journal in 1999. 'And we saw our products as great boons both to farmers and to the environment. I guess we naïvely thought that the rest of the world would look at the information and come to the same conclusion.'
Yahoo
17-04-2025
- Health
- Yahoo
Anavar Steroid, Anavar Women, Anavar Oxandrolone, Anavar Test Cycle, Anavar Dosage, Tablet, Bodybuilding, How to Take, Before And After Anavar, Anavar Effects and Side Effects (By CrazyBulk)
NEW YORK, April 17, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Anavar – Guide Do you want to burn fat and achieve a lean, muscular look? Are you struggling with low strength and challenging workouts? Many people consider steroids like Anavar for these reasons. This guide explains: What Anavar is How it works Its benefits and risks A safer alternative: Anvarol While Anavar can be effective, it has side effects. On the other hand, Anvarol by CrazyBulk is a legal and safe alternative that can help boost performance and support fat loss without harmful effects. ⇨Click HERE to Buy (Anavar) Anvarol by CrazyBulk From Official Website What Is Anavar? Anavar, also known as Oxandrolone, is an oral anabolic steroid originally developed for medical use in 1964 by the GD Searle company. It was designed to help with: ✔ Bone pain from osteoporosis ✔ Weight gain for recovery patients ✔ Healing burns quickly ✔ Treating anemia How Does It Work? Anavar functions similarly to testosterone, helping the body gain muscle and lose fat at the same time. This makes it popular among athletes and bodybuilders, but users should be aware of its potential risks. Is Anavar Legal? Anavar is only available through a prescription for medical needs. It is not freely available for fitness purposes due to its strong effects and possible side effects. Is There a Safe Alternative? Yes! Anvarol by CrazyBulk is designed to mimic Anavar's benefits without the risks. It helps with fat burning, muscle growth, and energy levels, but without steroids or harmful chemicals. Anavar Benefits Anavar offers several benefits for athletes and bodybuilders: ✔ Moderate muscle growth ✔ Lean muscle mass and noticeable pumps ✔ Prevents water retention ✔ Boosts strength and endurance (but only for a short time) ✔ Improves results during resistance training Experts say Anavar is effective for controlling body fat. Its anabolic activity is strong due to nitrogen retention and its ability to block sex hormone-binding globulin, which enhances the effects of other steroids like testosterone. However, despite its benefits, Anavar can increase liver enzymes, posing risks to liver health. When Do Anavar Benefits Appear? Anavar is mainly used during cutting and strength cycles, and results depend on factors like training time and dosage. Cycle Duration: 6–8 weeks Dosage: 15–25 mg/day for men Effects can start within two weeks, but optimal results may take months. Anavar Dosage Men: 15–25 mg/day for 6–8 weeks Women: Lower doses (4–6 weeks) due to lower tolerance Higher doses or longer cycles increase the risk of health complications, including liver damage. ⇨Click HERE to Buy (Anavar) Anvarol by CrazyBulk From Official Website Risks for Women Women using Anavar may experience masculinization, leading to male characteristics like a deeper voice or facial hair. It can also affect mental health, causing issues like depression. Steroid Cycle You can use steroids alone or combine them with other hormones for stronger effects. Some bodybuilders and athletes start with a solo cycle to build tolerance, while others stack steroids with testosterone to burn fat and gain muscle. Dosage for Beginners Men: Start with 15 mg/day for 3 weeks, then increase to 20 mg/day for another 3 weeks. Women: Begin with 5 mg/day for 1 week, then increase to 10 mg/day for 4 weeks to burn fat and build muscle. Anavar Stacking Pairing Anavar with other steroids can boost its effects. A common combination is Anavar and testosterone, which enhances muscle growth, fat burning, and endurance. However, this mix can also raise cholesterol levels. Example Dosage for Stacking: Testosterone: Start with 200 mg for 2 weeks, increase to 300 mg for 3 weeks, and finish with 350 mg for 2 weeks. Anavar: Take 15 mg/day for 3 weeks, then 20 mg/day for 3 weeks, followed by a week off. Avoid stacking Anavar with steroids like Anadrol or those that cause water retention (e.g., Deca). Is Anavar Legal? In most Western countries, including the USA, Australia, and Canada, buying and selling steroids is illegal without a prescription. You can only use Anavar legally if prescribed for medical reasons. Anavar – Uses and Dosage What Is Anavar Used For? Anavar is a medicine that helps people regain lost weight due to surgery, infections, or medical conditions. How to Take Anavar? Take by mouth, usually twice a day (or as your doctor advises). If your stomach gets upset, take it with food or milk. Take it at the same time daily for best results. Use it only for a short time, as prescribed. Warning: Misuse Can Be Dangerous Using Anavar incorrectly can cause serious health problems, such as: ⚠ Heart disease ⚠ Liver damage ⚠ Stroke ⚠ Addiction & drug-seeking behavior Stopping Anavar suddenly may lead to withdrawal symptoms like depression, tiredness, or mood swings, which can last for weeks or months. ⇨Click HERE to Buy (Anavar) Anvarol by CrazyBulk From Official Website Precautions Before Using Anavar . Tell your doctor if you have any allergies. The medicine may contain inactive ingredients that can cause reactions. . Do not use Anavar if you have: Prostate or breast cancer (for men) Mineral imbalances . If you have diabetes, Anavar may lower blood sugar. You may need to adjust your medication, diet, or exercise. . If you are bedridden for a long time, your doctor may need to monitor your calcium levels. . Older adults may have a higher risk of prostate/liver problems and swelling. . Children may experience slower bone growth, leading to shorter adult height. Anavar and Pregnancy Pregnant women should never take Anavar—it can harm or even be fatal to the baby. Breastfeeding mothers should avoid Anavar, as it can cause serious health issues for the baby. Side Effects & When to See a Doctor If side effects do not go away, consult your doctor. Do not stop taking Anavar suddenly without medical advice, as it can harm your health. Side Effects of Anavar If you experience serious side effects, inform your doctor immediately. Possible Side Effects for Men Difficulty urinating Breast swelling happening too often Prolonged erections (lasting over 4 hours—seek medical help) Possible Side Effects for Women Deep voice Unusual hair growth (face/body) Enlarged clitoris Other Risks Anavar can cause water retention, which may increase the risk of heart failure. Though severe allergic reactions are rare, seek urgent medical help if you experience: ⚠ Rash, itching, swelling ⚠ Dizziness ⚠ Difficulty breathing Hormonal & Cholesterol Issues Even though Anavar has fewer side effects than other steroids, it still has androgenic risks like hair thinning and acne. It also lowers good cholesterol (HDL) and raises bad cholesterol (LDL), which is dangerous for users with heart or cholesterol problems. Is There a Safer Alternative? Yes! Anvarol by CrazyBulk is a legal alternative that helps burn fat and boost strength but without harmful side effects. Why Anvarol Is Different Not a synthetic hormone Uses natural metabolism & energy boosters No health risks or synthetic chemicals Legal worldwide Is Anvarol a Steroid? No, Anvarol is not a steroid or prohormone. It is a natural diet supplement that supports muscle growth and fat loss safely. Why Choose Anvarol? Anvarol is a safer alternative to steroids like Anavar. It is taken orally, meaning you swallow it instead of injecting it. ⇨Click HERE to Buy (Anavar) Anvarol by CrazyBulk From Official Website Why Is Anvarol Better? ✔ No injections needed ✔ Less risk of masculinizing side effects (like deep voice or facial hair in women) ✔ Does not damage the liver like other steroids Expert-Backed Guide This guide was created by sports medicine experts and top athletes to give you accurate and useful information about buying and using Anavar. We also provide research sources from trusted institutions like: ✔ National Institutes of Health ✔ Forbes ✔ MSN ✔ VOX ✔ DailyMail ✔ Independent What Is Anavar? Anavar (scientific name: Oxandrolone) is a popular steroid in the fitness and bodybuilding world. Celebrities and athletes use it for: ✔ Muscle growth ✔ Strength improvement ✔ Enhanced sports performance Its popularity comes from the range of benefits it offers. If you're looking to gain muscle and boost strength, Anavar is a well-known option. Anavar's Benefits in Bodybuilding and Among Celebrities Anavar is a popular choice in bodybuilding and fitness due to its effectiveness and safety. It offers several benefits that go beyond just improving appearance. Key Benefits of Anavar 1. Muscle Gain and Fat Burning Anavar helps build muscle while burning fat at the same time. It maintains lean muscle mass even during a calorie deficit, making it ideal for both cutting and bulking cycles. This is why many celebrities and athletes use it. 2. Strength Building Anavar boosts physical strength and performance, helping users push harder during workouts. This extra strength can make a big difference in achieving fitness goals. 3. Faster Recovery, Endurance, and Speed It reduces recovery time, increases endurance, and improves speed, making it especially useful for athletes in high-intensity sports. 4. Mild Steroid with Minimal Side Effects When taken at the correct dose, Anavar has few side effects. However, exceeding the recommended dosage can lead to health risks. 5. Big Pumps and Vascularity Anavar enhances muscle pumps, vascularity, and a ripped physique, which are highly desired by bodybuilders and gym enthusiasts. 6. Suitable for Women Anavar is often called the 'female steroid' because it enhances aesthetics without causing severe masculinizing side effects, unlike most other steroids. 7. Less Liver Toxic Compared to other oral steroids, Anavar is less harmful to the liver, making it a safer option for many users. 8. No Gyno or Water Retention Anavar does not cause gynecomastia (Gyno) or water retention, which are common side effects of other steroids. 9. Lower Androgenic Activity Anavar has low androgenic activity, making it suitable for people sensitive to androgen-related side effects. Is Anavar Legal? Anavar is a regulated substance due to its performance-enhancing effects. It is banned by the FDA for non-medical use but can be legally prescribed in countries like the USA, UK, and Australia for medical conditions. In some countries, Anavar can be purchased from pharmacies without a prescription. For others, buying Anavar online from overseas manufacturers is often legal for personal use. Anavar Results Anavar is highly admired in bodybuilding for its impressive results. With a consistent diet and exercise routine, users can see significant changes in just 6–8 weeks. Results for Men 4 Weeks: Improved strength, muscle growth, and fat loss. 8 Weeks: Clear muscle definition, higher energy levels, and continued progress. 12 Weeks: A toned physique with noticeable fat loss and lean muscle gain. Results for Women 4 Weeks: Subtle muscle growth and fat loss. 8 Weeks: Increased muscle definition, strength, and stamina. 12 Weeks: A lean, toned look without the bulky appearance linked to other steroids. Some athletes combine Anavar with other steroids to boost its effects (details below). Anavar Before and After Results vary depending on the user's body composition before starting. To achieve the best outcomes, users must maintain a consistent diet and training plan. With proper effort, noticeable changes can appear within 4–8 weeks, leading to a healthier and more confident look. Is Anavar Safe? Anavar is considered one of the safest steroids. However, safety depends on: ✔ Following recommended dosages ✔ Avoiding long cycles ✔ Not combining Anavar with medications that alter its effects Even harmless substances like Vitamin C or Sildenafil (Viagra) can be dangerous in excessive amounts. How to Use Anavar Safely Start with a low dosage and gradually increase it while monitoring your body's response. Avoid overdosing or extending cycles beyond the recommended length. Why Dosages Matter Every person's body is unique, with differences in hormones, testosterone levels, and body types. What works for one person may not suit another. Adjust dosages carefully to avoid risks. Side Effects Side effects are rare, but sensitive users may experience mild issues. Detailed guidance on dosages and side effects is provided below. Anavar Dosage for Men and Women Why Dosage Matters Anavar must be used in a specific way (known as an Anavar cycle) to achieve the best results and avoid side effects. Correct dosage is key to maximizing benefits while minimizing risks. Recommended Dosage for Men Beginner Dosage: Start with 30–50 mg/day to stimulate muscle growth and strength. Experienced Users: Gradually increase to 60–80 mg/day, monitoring your body's response. Tip: Drink plenty of water to support your body during higher dosages. Recommended Dosage for Women Beginner Dosage: Start with 5–10 mg/day to promote muscle growth and achieve a lean physique. Experienced Users: Increase to 15–20 mg/day for enhanced results. Tip: Begin with a lower dose to observe your body's response and adjust accordingly. Anavar Cycles Anavar cycles are tailored for both beginners and advanced users. A solo cycle means using only Anavar (Oxandrolone) without combining it with other supplements. Beginner Anavar Cycle for Cutting – Men Dosage: 20–30 mg/day Duration: 8–10 weeks Goal: Reduce body fat while retaining lean muscle mass. Diet: Pair with a high-protein, low-carb diet in a calorie deficit for optimal results. Beginner Anavar Cycle for Cutting – Women Dosage: 5–10 mg/day Duration: 6–8 weeks Goal: Achieve a lean, sculpted physique by burning fat and preserving muscle. Diet: Combine with a protein-rich diet, regular cardio, and strength training for better outcomes. Best Beginner Anavar Cycle for Bulking – Simplified For Men If you're a beginner looking to bulk up, Anavar can help with lean muscle gain. Dosage: 40–60 mg/day Cycle Length: 8–10 weeks Diet Tip: Focus on a high-protein, high-carb diet in a calorie surplus to support muscle growth. For Women Women can also use Anavar to build lean muscle mass effectively. Dosage: 15–20 mg/day Cycle Length: 6–8 weeks Diet Tip: Combine a nutrient-rich diet with strength-building exercises for better results. Anavar Stacks with Other Steroids For those looking to boost results, stacking Anavar with other steroids can enhance its effects. Anavar and Testosterone Cycle This combination is popular for muscle building and fat loss. Testosterone: Acts as the main compound for muscle growth. Anavar: Protects muscles and balances hormones to reduce side effects. This stack is ideal for users aiming to gain lean volume during their cycle. Anavar and Clenbuterol Cycle When combined, Anavar and Clenbuterol create an effective cutting cycle. Anavar Dosage: 20–30 mg/day to protect muscle mass during a calorie deficit. Clenbuterol Dosage: Run in 2-week cycles to boost fat loss and endurance. This cycle is popular among athletes aiming to improve their performance. Anavar and Winstrol Cycle – Simplified The Anavar and Winstrol cycle focuses on achieving a defined physique. Goal: Enhance fat loss and muscle definition. Cycle Length: 8–10 weeks with individualized dosage adjustments. This is ideal for users looking to get a shredded look and lose stubborn fat. Primobolan and Anavar Cycle – Simplified The Primobolan-Anavar cycle offers mild but effective gains in muscle mass and strength. Cycle Length: 8–10 weeks. Best For: Female users or males seeking lean muscle growth with minimal androgenic side effects. Post Cycle Therapy (PCT) After Anavar Cycle Steroid cycles can disrupt your body's hormone levels. PCT helps restore natural hormone balance after using Anavar. PCT for Men Why It's Needed: Anavar can suppress testosterone levels, especially with high doses or long cycles. Common PCT Medications: Clomid Nolvadex These medications help restore testosterone levels and prevent side effects like low libido or mood swings. PCT for Women Why It's Rarely Needed: Anavar is mild and doesn't usually require PCT for women. Natural Recovery: Most women's bodies naturally rebalance hormones after a cycle, especially if doses are low and cycles are short. Extra Caution: If unsure, it's always safer to perform PCT. Anavar Side Effects Anavar has fewer side effects compared to other steroids, but it's not risk-free. Minor Side Effects Oily skin and hair Acne Changes in libido Serious Side Effects (from misuse) Liver disease Mood changes (anxiety, depression) Swelling in arms or legs Unusual fatigue Anavar FAQs – Simplified How Long Does It Take for Anavar to Work? Results usually appear within two weeks of starting a cycle. Are Anavar's Gains Permanent? Anavar gains can last with a consistent diet and training, but they're not 100% permanent. How Often Should I Take Anavar? Take Anavar every day for best results. How Many mg of Anavar Should I Take Daily? Men: 40–60 mg/day for muscle gain 20–30 mg/day for cutting Women: 5–10 mg/day for cutting 15–20 mg/day for bulking Should You Take Anavar on an Empty Stomach or After a Meal? Take Anavar after a meal to avoid stomach discomfort. Should I Take Anavar in the Morning or Night? Split the daily dosage into two halves: Morning Evening (8 hours apart) Can I Drink Alcohol While Using Anavar? Avoid alcohol—it can stress the liver. What to Avoid When Taking Anavar? Do not use Anavar if you have: Liver conditions High calcium levels Prostate or breast cancer Severe kidney disease Pregnancy Which Steroid Is Better? – Simple Comparison Anavar vs Dianabol ✔ Anavar is better for burning fat. ✔ Dianabol (Dbol) is better for muscle growth. Anavar vs Trenbolone ✔ Anavar works similarly to Trenbolone, but at a much milder level. ✔ Trenbolone is stronger for muscle building and fat loss, but comes with more severe side effects. Anavar vs Clenbuterol ✔ Clenbuterol is better for fat-burning. ✔ Anavar can be stacked with Clenbuterol to help prevent muscle loss. Anavar vs Turinabol ✔ Both are mild steroids with anti-catabolic effects. ✔ Turinabol is slightly stronger than Anavar. More details on steroid comparisons can be found in the reference section. What Are Steroids Used For? Steroids are performance-enhancing drugs used by athletes to: ✔ Increase muscle mass ✔ Burn fat ✔ Improve athletic performance One ingredient found in some steroids, soy protein, helps stimulate protein synthesis and support weight loss, but is present in only small amounts. Why Choose Anvarol? ✔ Anvarol by CrazyBulk is a legal alternative to steroids. ✔ It helps with fat loss and muscle growth. ✔ It has no harmful side effects. FAQs About Anvarol Should You Take Anvarol? ✔ Yes! Anvarol is legal, non-toxic, and supports rapid fat loss. How Does Anvarol Work? ✔ It boosts protein synthesis, helps muscle repair, and promotes muscle growth. Do Steroids Have Side Effects? ✔ Yes, steroids can cause health issues. Always consult a doctor before using any medication. When Will You See Anvarol Results? ✔ Most people notice results within two weeks, but it depends on body type. Final Thoughts Anavar is a powerful steroid, but it comes with risks. While it can help gain muscle and lose fat, it is not without side effects. If you're looking for a legal and safer alternative, Anvarol is a great option. It delivers muscle-building and fat-loss benefits without health risks. Manufactured under the Technical Guidance of: Project name: Crazybulk244 Madison Avenue,New York City, NY 10016-2817Postal code: NY 10016-2817Media Contact:Full Name - Neil BowersCompany website: support@ 888-708-6394 Disclaimer: The statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Individual results may vary. Always consult a healthcare professional before taking any dietary supplements. Disclosure: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. The content may include affiliate links, meaning we may earn a commission if you purchase through recommended links. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen. Photos accompanying this announcement are available at: in to access your portfolio
