Latest news with #Haloperidol
Glasgow Times
29-04-2025
- Health
- Glasgow Times
NHS nurse struck off after decade of 'near-fatal incompetence'
Bungling Hugh Cairns faced more than 70 separate allegations at a recent fitness to practice hearing - which he did not attend - before watchdog body, the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC). In a lengthy 205-page report, the NMC found that Cairns' judgement was impaired, that he had brought the nursing profession into disrepute and that striking off was necessary to maintain public confidence. The charges arose while he was employed as a nurse at Crosshouse Hospital in Kilmarnock by NHS Ayrshire and Arran. Crosshouse Hospital (Image: NQ) The virtual hearing, held earlier this year, was told that there had been concerns about Cairns' work since he began there in 2007, and these lasted until he was eventually suspended 13 years later. He was later placed on a 'formal capability programme' because of his lack of competence but showed no improvement. There were particular concerns about his administration of medication, patient care, record keeping, including fluid charts, and communications with colleagues. Following an incident in October 2020, Mr Cairns was suspended, and his contract was terminated in January 2021. The health board then referred the case to the NMC. One nurse colleague told the virtual hearing: "When Hugh started, we very quickly picked up on the fact that he had very little knowledge of what medications were, what they were for or why he was giving them out." Another added: "He would administer Digoxin (a heart drug) and then check a patient's pulse, which was the wrong way round. "The risk here was if a patient was given Digoxin and their pulse was already below a certain level then it would lower it even further, putting them at severe risk of harm.' (Image: NQ) Another witness statement included in the report, referring to a separate incident in December 2020, said Cairns was stopped from administering a potentially lethal dose of antipsychotic medicine Haloperidol to a patient. The witness said: "He showed no understanding of the severity of this drug error. "We did a reflection on what had happened later in the day. I asked him what he thought would have happened if I had not stopped the drug administration. "He said he did not know. I stated it would have resulted in death, he showed no reaction to this.' More than a dozen other allegations were found not proven by the panel. The hearing was also told that Cairns failed to provide personal care to patients. One nurse said: "If a patient needed washing, Hugh would never do it. "Hugh would refuse to put women on bed pans, take them to commodes or take them to the bathroom." Another said: "Hugh's written handovers were really poor. I had numerous concerns raised from members of staff within the ward. He would miss really important aspects of a patient's care." The hearing further heard how Cairns took a Covid-19 swab from a patient during the pandemic in 2020 without donning protective goggles, a visor or an apron. Cairns, who did not attend or have legal representation, was also accused of inappropriate behaviour towards both female colleagues and patients. On one occasion, he was heard to say about a fellow nurse: "...as it wasn't raining, she wouldn't win a wet t-shirt competition." He then made a derogatory comment about a vulnerable patient, who had IRA tattoos, referring to him as "one of them" and "you lot". (Image: NQ) Cairns was also said to be "disinterested in improving his quality of work or retaining information being given." In its judgement, the Nursing and Midwifery Council said: "The panel was particularly concerned at the lack of competence in medication administration which, had he not been supervised closely, would have resulted in the death of a patient. "The panel was satisfied that Mr Cairns' performance was at an unacceptably low standard and demonstrated an extensive and severe lack of competence. "The panel considered that should Mr Cairns return to practice unrestricted he would be highly likely to make further similar and repeated errors and so place patients at risk of harm." The NMC then added: "Mr Cairns' misconduct had breached the fundamental tenets of the nursing profession, namely to act with honesty and without discrimination, and therefore brought its reputation into disrepute. "Mr Cairns has not displayed sufficient insight or remorse into his conduct. "Balancing all of these factors and after taking into account all the evidence before it during this case, the panel determined that the appropriate and proportionate sanction is that of a striking-off order. "This order was necessary to mark the importance of maintaining public confidence in the profession, and to send to the public and the profession a clear message about the standard of behaviour required of a registered nurse." Jennifer Wilson (Image: NHS Ayrshire and Arran) Health board nurse director, Jennifer Wilson, said: "NHS Ayrshire and Arran is committed to delivering safe, high-quality patient care, and we have robust systems in place to ensure this is achieved. "Further to an internal investigation, the local management team made a referral to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) with regard to a member of nursing staff. "As a result this person, who no longer works for our organisation, has now been suspended from the NMC register."
The Herald Scotland
28-04-2025
- Health
- The Herald Scotland
Nurse struck off after decade of 'near-fatal incompetence'
In a lengthy 205-page report, the NMC found that Cairns' judgement was impaired, that he had brought the nursing profession into disrepute and that striking off was necessary to maintain public confidence. The charges arose while he was employed as a nurse at Crosshouse Hospital in Kilmarnock by NHS Ayrshire and Arran. Crosshouse Hospital (Image: NQ) The virtual hearing, held earlier this year, was told that there had been concerns about Cairns' work since he began there in 2007, and these lasted until he was eventually suspended 13 years later. He was later placed on a 'formal capability programme' because of his lack of competence but showed no improvement. There were particular concerns about his administration of medication, patient care, record keeping, including fluid charts, and communications with colleagues. Following an incident in October 2020, Mr Cairns was suspended, and his contract was terminated in January 2021. The health board then referred the case to the NMC. One nurse colleague told the virtual hearing: "When Hugh started, we very quickly picked up on the fact that he had very little knowledge of what medications were, what they were for or why he was giving them out." Another added: "He would administer Digoxin (a heart drug) and then check a patient's pulse, which was the wrong way round. "The risk here was if a patient was given Digoxin and their pulse was already below a certain level then it would lower it even further, putting them at severe risk of harm.' READ MORE: Hundreds of Scottish pain patients die in agony in NHS queues Artificial intelligence could reshape the NHS — but only if Scotland gets it right Returning to a nightmare: chronic pain patients raise fears over future of support Another witness statement included in the report, referring to a separate incident in December 2020, said Cairns was stopped from administering a potentially lethal dose of antipsychotic medicine Haloperidol to a patient. The witness said: "He showed no understanding of the severity of this drug error. "We did a reflection on what had happened later in the day. I asked him what he thought would have happened if I had not stopped the drug administration. "He said he did not know. I stated it would have resulted in death, he showed no reaction to this.' More than a dozen other allegations were found not proven by the panel. The hearing was also told that Cairns failed to provide personal care to patients. One nurse said: "If a patient needed washing, Hugh would never do it. "Hugh would refuse to put women on bed pans, take them to commodes or take them to the bathroom." Another said: "Hugh's written handovers were really poor. I had numerous concerns raised from members of staff within the ward. He would miss really important aspects of a patient's care." The hearing further heard how Cairns took a Covid-19 swab from a patient during the pandemic in 2020 without donning protective goggles, a visor or an apron. Cairns, who did not attend or have legal representation, was also accused of inappropriate behaviour towards both female colleagues and patients. On one occasion, he was heard to say about a fellow nurse: "...as it wasn't raining, she wouldn't win a wet t-shirt competition." He then made a derogatory comment about a vulnerable patient, who had IRA tattoos, referring to him as "one of them" and "you lot". (Image: NQ) Cairns was also said to be "disinterested in improving his quality of work or retaining information being given." In its judgement, the Nursing and Midwifery Council said: "The panel was particularly concerned at the lack of competence in medication administration which, had he not been supervised closely, would have resulted in the death of a patient. "The panel was satisfied that Mr Cairns' performance was at an unacceptably low standard and demonstrated an extensive and severe lack of competence. "The panel considered that should Mr Cairns return to practice unrestricted he would be highly likely to make further similar and repeated errors and so place patients at risk of harm." The NMC then added: "Mr Cairns' misconduct had breached the fundamental tenets of the nursing profession, namely to act with honesty and without discrimination, and therefore brought its reputation into disrepute. "Mr Cairns has not displayed sufficient insight or remorse into his conduct. "Balancing all of these factors and after taking into account all the evidence before it during this case, the panel determined that the appropriate and proportionate sanction is that of a striking-off order. "This order was necessary to mark the importance of maintaining public confidence in the profession, and to send to the public and the profession a clear message about the standard of behaviour required of a registered nurse." Jennifer Wilson (Image: NHS Ayrshire and Arran) Health board nurse director, Jennifer Wilson, said: "NHS Ayrshire and Arran is committed to delivering safe, high-quality patient care, and we have robust systems in place to ensure this is achieved. "Further to an internal investigation, the local management team made a referral to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) with regard to a member of nursing staff. "As a result this person, who no longer works for our organisation, has now been suspended from the NMC register."
Epoch Times
22-04-2025
- Health
- Epoch Times
Common Medications May Disrupt Brain Development
Many people don't think twice when their physician prescribes antidepressants or other medications—after all, mental health is just as important as physical well-being. However, new research suggests that some of these drugs may quietly interfere with brain development in unborn children, raising urgent safety concerns during pregnancy. A February The researchers analyzed how these medications disrupt sterol biosynthesis, particularly affecting the DHCR7 enzyme, which helps regulate cholesterol levels. Their findings highlight potential risks and raise concerns about drug safety, especially during pregnancy and early childhood, when brain cholesterol synthesis is crucial for development. Brain Development Cholesterol is essential for brain development and function. It helps build cell membranes, protects nerve fibers with myelin, and supports connections between neurons. Cholesterol also plays a key role in neuron growth, movement, and communication. Once the blood-brain barrier forms during early development, cholesterol from the body can't enter the brain. As a result, the brain must produce its own cholesterol. The blood-brain barrier is a protective filter that controls what enters the brain from the bloodstream, keeping harmful substances out while allowing essential nutrients in. 'Disrupting cholesterol biosynthesis, particularly during early development, can have profound consequences, including impaired neuronal connectivity, reduced myelination, and altered neurotransmitter function,' said Dustin Hines, a neuroscientist, researcher, and psychology professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, who was not involved in the study, in an email to The Epoch Times. Related Stories 2/17/2024 3/25/2024 'These disruptions may lead to deficits in cognition, sensory processing, and motor coordination,' he said. Cholesterol also plays an important role in making steroid hormones and bile acids essential for various body functions. Maintaining balanced cholesterol levels is important for brain health during development and adulthood. The review highlights findings from previous studies showing that higher brain cholesterol is linked to better memory in aging, while lower levels may increase the risk of depression, as well as aggression, impulsivity, and violence. Moreover, disruptions in cholesterol production or metabolism have been Drug Culprits The review indicates that some widely prescribed medications cross the blood-brain barrier, raising concerns about long-term effects on brain health. Pregnant women and unborn babies are especially at risk because the brain needs cholesterol to develop properly during pregnancy and early childhood. Some of the medications include: Cariprazine—used for mental health conditions Trazodone—antidepressant Aripiprazole—antipsychotic Haloperidol—antipsychotic Sertraline—antidepressant Metoprolol—heart medication Lead study author Dr. Karoly Mirnics, a professor of psychiatry, biochemistry, and molecular biology at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, emphasized how widely these medications are used. 'Approved medications that can interfere with normal sterol biosynthesis during development belong to various classes. These medications are commonly used for cardiology and hypertension treatment, some of which are routinely prescribed to pregnant women,' he told The Epoch Times in an email. Examples of such drugs include statins and ACE inhibitors, which are used to treat high cholesterol and hypertension. Sterols are fat-like molecules essential for making cholesterol in the body. They act as building blocks in the cholesterol production process. Because the brain cannot absorb cholesterol from the blood, it relies on sterol biosynthesis to make its own. 'These medications are generally safe and lifesaving for most people, especially adults. However, during pregnancy, their effects—when combined with certain genetic factors, the use of multiple sterol-inhibiting medications, underlying health conditions, or lifestyle factors—could become harmful to the unborn child,' said Mirnics. The Biochemical Link The medications listed above can block the DHCR7 enzyme, preventing the proper conversion of 7-DHC (7-dehydrocholesterol) into cholesterol. This leads to a buildup of 7-DHC, which is highly reactive and forms harmful byproducts called oxysterols, which can damage neurons, disrupt brain function, and potentially increase the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. The review suggests that medication-induced sterol disruption may create a biochemical state similar to Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, a genetic condition in which 7-DHC accumulates due to a defective DHCR7 enzyme, leading to developmental and cognitive impairments. Mirnics' previous research supports the current study's findings. His Researchers treated mice with these drugs for 21 days and found that both accumulated in different tissues, altering sterol metabolism. Female mice also showed higher cholesterol clearance in the brain, suggesting their bodies metabolized and removed aripiprazole more quickly than male mice. People at Potential Risk The review also highlights that about 3 percent of the population may be more vulnerable due to genetic differences in sterol processing, and taking multiple medications can further worsen disruption. That means people with one faulty DHCR7 gene are usually healthy and make up about 1 percent to 3 percent of the population. 'However, when exposed to certain medications, their ability to process sterols is significantly impaired, much like a pulled muscle—fine at rest but struggling under stress,' said Mirnics. Another Among these, 43 samples contained medications that block the DHCR7 enzyme, preventing 7-DHC from converting into cholesterol. Moreover, the study notes that taking DHCR7-inhibiting drugs during the first trimester may be harmful to the baby and could increase the risk of birth defects. 'If such medications are essential, it may be beneficial to monitor neurodevelopmental milestones closely, supplement with supportive nutrients, and consider alternative treatments when possible. Parents should also be aware of early warning signs of cognitive or behavioral changes and seek neurodevelopmental assessments if concerns arise,' said Hines. Implications for Patient Care Given cholesterol's essential role in brain development, health care providers should carefully weigh the risks and benefits before prescribing cholesterol-lowering drugs or other sterol-inhibiting medications to pregnant women, infants, and young children. Parents and patients should have open discussions with health care providers about the need for medications that impact cholesterol metabolism. While some medications are necessary during pregnancy, selecting one without DHCR7-inhibiting effects may lower the risk of complications and support better health outcomes for the baby. 'During pregnancy, especially if the unborn child or future mother has a potentially vulnerable genotype, I would suggest replacing the medication with one without the unwanted sterol-inhibiting side effect,' said Mirnics. 'Usually there are plenty of good options, and the majority of medications in all different classes do not interfere with sterol biosynthesis,' he said. While the study suggests that health care providers should assess current and future medications for their potential to affect sterol biosynthesis during development, Mirnics noted the need for larger studies to confirm these findings. 'Animal and cultured cell studies raise concerns, but they are not the same as comprehensive human studies. There is still so much we don't understand, and we should be cautious about drawing premature conclusions,' he said. Patients should not stop taking medications without consulting a doctor. Health care providers should consider the potential effects on sterol biosynthesis when prescribing multiple drugs, including those commonly used to treat heart and psychiatric diseases. If these drugs are necessary, genetic testing for both the mother and unborn child could help assess risks and guide treatment decisions.
Yahoo
06-02-2025
- Health
- Yahoo
Acute Agitation and Aggression Treatment Market to Exceed USD 8.2 Billion by 2034, Driven by Advancements in Rapid-Acting Therapies - Latest Report by Transparency Market Research Inc.
Acute Agitation and Aggression Treatment Market is set for significant growth from 2024 to 2034, driven by the rising prevalence of psychiatric disorders and advancements in treatment approaches. Key therapies include First-Generation Anti-Psychotics (Chlorpromazine, Haloperidol), Second-Generation Anti-Psychotics (Quetiapine, Olanzapine, Ziprasidone), Benzodiazepines (Lorazepam, Midazolam), Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonists (Clonidine, Dexmedetomidine), and Others (Droperidol, etc.). Increasing adoption of fast-acting and non-invasive treatments is fueling market expansion. Wilmington, Delaware, Transparency Market Research Inc. – , Feb. 06, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The global acute agitation and aggression treatment market was valued at approximately US$ 5.0 billion in 2023. It is projected to grow at a CAGR of 4.6% from 2024 to 2034, reaching around US$ 8.2 billion by 2034. A key factor propelling market growth is the rising prevalence of agitation and aggression in healthcare settings, particularly in emergency departments and psychiatric units, driving the demand for effective treatment solutions. The mental health crisis further fuels the need for acute agitation and aggression treatments, as heightened awareness of mental health issues has contributed to a rise in such conditions, necessitating prompt and effective interventions. Request a Detailed PDF Brochure - Acute Agitation and Aggression Treatment Market: Key Players The majority of the market share in the acute agitation and aggressiveness therapy sector is held by a few companies. The main players in the industry are focusing on expanding their product offerings. The main tactic used by the major companies is mergers and acquisitions. Market rivals are focusing on providing high-quality services in an effort to get a competitive advantage in the sector. The following businesses are well-known players in the global market for treatments for acute agitation and aggression: Eli Lilly and Company Pfizer, Inc. GlaxoSmithKline Johnson & Johnson Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd Bausch Health Companies, Inc. Apotex, Inc. Key Players Lead Innovation Leading pharmaceutical companies such as Pfizer, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, and Johnson & Johnson are investing in non-invasive treatment options, including sublingual tablets and nasal sprays, which offer faster administration and ease of use in emergency settings. Who Are the Key Users and What Do They Need? The primary users of treatments for acute agitation and aggression include hospitals, psychiatric clinics, and emergency care units. Healthcare professionals in these settings prioritize rapid-acting treatments that ensure patient safety and improve outcomes. These users demand therapies that can be administered quickly, with minimal side effects, to de-escalate situations effectively. Key Findings of the Market Report Expanded Settings: Demand is growing beyond traditional healthcare environments, including home care, long-term care facilities, and community-based services. Global Market Growth: Rising awareness is driving global adoption, extending market growth beyond specific regions. Integrated Care Models: Collaborative care involving mental health professionals, emergency departments, social services, and law enforcement presents opportunities for holistic care solutions. Improved Treatment Adherence: Developing therapies with better adherence rates is expected to unlock lucrative market opportunities. Get Customized Insights & Analysis for Your Business Needs: Key Growth Drivers The increase in mental health issues such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and dementia has escalated the need for rapid and effective treatments for acute agitation and aggression. Key drivers behind the market's growth include: Growing Mental Health Awareness: An increasing focus on mental health by governments and healthcare organizations has led to higher diagnosis rates, further driving the demand for acute agitation treatments. Pharmaceutical Innovations: Major players in the industry are investing in innovative formulations, such as rapid-onset intramuscular injections and novel antipsychotic therapies that provide quicker symptom relief. Aging Population: As the global population ages, the prevalence of neurological disorders like dementia is increasing, leading to a rise in cases of aggression and agitation, fueling market growth. Key Insights: The hospital segment is expected to dominate the market, accounting for over 50% of revenue by 2035. The Asia-Pacific region is witnessing significant growth, driven by rising mental health awareness and increasing investments in healthcare infrastructure in countries such as India and China. Non-invasive treatment options are projected to gain momentum, driven by patient preference for quick and pain-free solutions in managing acute agitation episodes. Global Acute Agitation and Aggression Treatment Market Segmentation Treatment Approach First-Generation Anti-Psychotics Chlorpromazine Haloperidol Second-Generation Anti-Psychotics Quetiapine Olanzapine Ziprasidone Benzodiazepines Lorazepam Midazolam Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonist Clonidine Dexmedetomidine Others (Droperidol, etc.) Indication Alcohol Withdrawal Bipolar Disorder Dementia Depression Drug-induced agitation and aggression Schizophrenia Others (Traumatic Brain Injury, Anxiety Disorders, etc.) Distribution Channel Hospital Pharmacies Retail Pharmacies Online Pharmacies Region North America Europe Asia Pacific Latin America Middle East & Africa Key Questions Addressed: What are the key growth opportunities in the acute agitation and aggression treatment market? Which new treatment innovations are gaining traction? How are regional dynamics shifting in the global market? Who are the key players driving market growth, and what are their strategies? Purchase the Full Market Report Today: Report Highlights: Comprehensive Market Data: Independent analysis of annual sales, market share, and revenue projections in USD Million from 2024 to 2034. Regional Insights: In-depth analysis of regions including North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Latin America. Company Profiles: Detailed profiles of leading industry players such as Pfizer, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Johnson & Johnson, and H. Lundbeck A/S. Explore Latest Research Reports by Transparency Market Research: Hydroxyapatite Market – (Hydroxylapatit-Markt) is projected to grow at a CAGR of 6.0% from 2024 to 2034 and reach more than US$ 4.4 Billion by the end of 2034. HIV Drugs Market – (Markt für HIV-Medikamente) is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.7% from 2024 to 2034 and reach US$ 47.5 Billion by the end of 2034. About Transparency Market Research Transparency Market Research, a global market research company registered at Wilmington, Delaware, United States, provides custom research and consulting services. Our exclusive blend of quantitative forecasting and trends analysis provides forward-looking insights for thousands of decision makers. Our experienced team of Analysts, Researchers, and Consultants use proprietary data sources and various tools & techniques to gather and analyses information. Our data repository is continuously updated and revised by a team of research experts, so that it always reflects the latest trends and information. With a broad research and analysis capability, Transparency Market Research employs rigorous primary and secondary research techniques in developing distinctive data sets and research material for business reports. Contact: Transparency Market Research Inc. CORPORATE HEADQUARTER DOWNTOWN, 1000 N. 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