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The Guardian
02-06-2025
- Entertainment
- The Guardian
Kwesi Owusu obituary
The author and film-maker Kwesi Owusu, who has died aged 70, wrote several notable books on Black culture in Britain, and was a founder member of the influential performance group African Dawn, which emerged from the vibrant creative scene of the Africa Centre in Covent Garden, London, in the 1980s. During that time, he also co-produced and directed the groundbreaking film Ama: An African Journey of Discovery for Channel 4, which was recently restored and included in the BFI's 2023 African Odyssey season. After returning to his native Ghana, Owusu became an advocate for the Ghanaian and African people, both through his leadership of the African branch of Jubilee 2000, a global initiative calling for debt cancellation for the world's poorest countries, and his media production agency Creative Storm, whose documentaries on subjects such as maternal health and access to water have sparked real change. Owusu first arrived in the UK in the 1970s, and, as a nascent poet, contributed verse to African Dawn, whose performances of music, poetry and traditional drama drew from the Ghanaian, Zimbabwean, Grenadian, Senegalese and Uruguayan heritage of its members, including Vico Mensah, Nii Noi Nortey and Merle Collins. The group released four albums. Owusu was also involved in the Africa Centre's production of The Trial of Dedan Kimathi (1984), set at the end of British rule in Kenya, and written by Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o and Micere Githae Mugo. The Booker-winning author Ben Okri was another member of Owusu's circle. 'We were all part of this movement, magical realism, which was in literature, film and poetry,' Owusu told the BFI in 2023. 'We were trying to create a fusion of artforms and find holistic ways of telling stories to reveal all the unseen nuances of our culture and fuse them with reality as we knew it. These days they'd call it Afrofuturism.' During this time, Owusu participated in a workshop funded by Channel 4, Cinema Action. The television channel went on to fund his first feature, Ama (1991), co-produced and directed with Nii Kwate Owoo, with whom Owusu had made the documentary Ouaga: African Cinema Now (1986). A story of ancestral mysticism set in modern-day London, Ama starred Georgina Ackerman as the eponymous protagonist, a young girl who receives a prophecy in the form of a computer floppy disk, and has to persuade the elders of her Ghanian family to listen to her, a 12-year-old child. 'I wanted to tell a unique African story,' Owusu said. 'We also had to find a way to say that African culture is contemporary, irrespective of how old it was … The idea that our culture has to be frozen in time is something I was keen to transcend. Culture is living and evolving.' Born in Takoradi, in what was then the Gold Coast, now Ghana, he was the son of Edwina (nee Gwira) and Joseph Owusu. He boarded at Adisadel college, an Anglican school in Cape Coast, Ghana, then, having moved to the UK, studied political science at the London School of Economics, graduating in 1983. His first book, The Struggle for Black Arts in Britain (1986), explored the barriers in establishing an authentic Black arts tradition in the UK in the face of the limitations of western elite culture. Storms of the Heart: An Anthology of Black Arts and Culture (1988), edited by Owusu, contains a thoughtful essay by Okri on Othello. In the same year came Behind the Masquerade: The Story of Notting Hill Carnival, co-written with Jason Ross. Owusu later edited Black British Culture and Society: A Text Reader (2000), which brought together key writings on and by the Black community in Britain. Following the release of Ama, Owusu was part of a consortium, Black Triangle, supported by the Voice and Choice FM, that bought the Electric cinema in Notting Hill in the early 90s and, as its new manager, along with Paul Bucknor, relaunched it as a film venue dedicated to Black audiences. He was on the board of Artrage, an intercultural arts magazine (1982-95), was an associate of the African Studies Centre at the University of Cambridge, and taught at universities including Sussex, Soas University of London, and Goldsmiths' College, now Goldsmiths, University of London. Owusu launched Creative Storm in Accra in 2003. He was co-director of the Environmental Film Festival of Accra, and co-producer of the High Vibes music festival in 2009. In 2018 he was appointed director of the school of creative arts at the African University College of Communications in Accra, and in 2022 he launched the African Dawn podcast, 'dedicated to telling untold stories from Africa'. He is survived by his children, James, Kwame, Ama and Madison, and his siblings, Priscilla and Charles. Kwesi Kwarteng Owusu, film-maker, author and entrepreneur, born 24 October 1954; died 22 March 2025
The Guardian
27-04-2025
- Business
- The Guardian
Despite Pope Francis's wishes, there's little appetite for richer nations to help the poorest
Pope Francis's vast funeral in Rome on Saturday featured a certain amount of politicking amid the splendour, against the magnificent backdrop of St Peter's basilica. If the meeting between Volodymyr Zelenskyy and Donald Trump results in progress towards a less inequitable peace than the one currently envisaged by the US, perhaps that will be fitting, given the late pontiff's consistent calls for an end to war. But in Washington last week, at the IMF and World Bank, where the architecture is far less glorious, campaigners struggled to find much backing among the powerful for another aspect of Francis's worldview – his calls to make 2025 a Jubilee year of debt forgiveness for the world's poorest countries. A quarter century on from the hugely consequential Jubilee 2000 movement – in which churches played a major role – the pope had asked a commission chaired by the economist Joseph Stiglitz, to report on the issue next month. Debt relief is also likely to be discussed at the UN Financing for Development conference in Seville in late June. But there was little optimism in Washington that any country is prepared to offer the necessary moral and political leadership to force the issue up the agenda. Certainly, it will not be the UK, which played a crucial role in the Jubilee 2000 campaign under Gordon Brown, but has shown little interest in the issue since imposing brutal cuts to aid spending, to boost defence. Meanwhile, ample evidence was shared in Washington to show how the situation is rapidly deteriorating. The IMF's analysts warned that Trump's dramatic shake-up of the global trading system, the final shape of which remains impossible to guess, will depress economic growth and ratchet up the risks of financial crisis. For emerging economies, the outlook is especially bleak. Many had already been left heavily indebted, after grappling with the Covid pandemic. And as the IMF's Global Financial Stability Review made clear, one side-effect of the market chaos triggered by Trump's 'liberation day', is likely to be tighter financial conditions. That will make it harder, and more costly, for countries to refinance their debts – a problem the IMF said could be compounded by fresh volatility in the currency markets. The more is spent on debt repayments, the less is available for important areas of government spending that are necessary for development. As Achim Steiner, head of the UN's development arm, the UNDP,said on the sidelines of the spring meetings: 'The debt servicing is essentially a defunding. We're defunding, or forcing countries to take money out of their social and welfare and education budgets and health budgets just to service their debt. This is for obvious reasons bad: it's not sustainable and ultimately contributes further to locking countries in into this stagnation.' He added: 'If you are defunding your own education system, you're locking yourself into a generation that is going to fall behind.' Sign up to Business Today Get set for the working day – we'll point you to all the business news and analysis you need every morning after newsletter promotion A report by the British thinktank Development Finance International into tackling inequality in eastern and southern Africa, published at the spring meetings, found that 40% of countries in the region spent more on debt servicing last year than on healthcare and education combined. Since 2022, 80% have cut social spending as a share of their budget. This comes at a time when the economic impacts of the climate crisis are already being felt, in the soaring costs of extreme weather events for example. There is a consensus, at least outside the White House, that significant investment will be needed to manage the transition away from fossil fuels. Another report launched in Washington last week – from the expert panel on climate and finance, a joint project of the Colombian, French, Kenyan and German governments – warned of a 'vicious circle', between the 'debt, climate and nature crises'. 'Debt pressures and environmental vulnerabilities are most pronounced in the poorest and most credit-constrained countries … yet these countries account for only a tiny fraction of the consumption and emissions driving nature loss and climate change,' they said. Even the IMF itself suggested last week that debt restructuring may need to be part of the toolkit to respond to the rapidly changing economic and financial situation. 'The path forward demands clarity and coordination. Countries should work constructively to promote a stable and predictable trade environment, facilitate debt restructuring, and address shared challenges,' it said in its World Economic Outlook. But campaigners complain that the IMF's debt restructuring process, the Common Framework, is cumbersome and time-consuming – and can still leave beneficiaries with high servicing costs, because it doesn't contemplate debt write-offs. Scott Bessent, the US Treasury secretary, when he wasn't taking anti-woke side swipes at the IMF and the Bank, said he would like to see the IMF get more involved in restructuring struggling countries' debt. In a much-analysed speech, he said the IMF should 'more proactively push official bilateral lenders to come to the table early, to work with borrower countries to minimise periods of debt distress'. Some development campaigners seized on his comments as a positive sign that the US would not stand in the way of multilateral efforts to ease the burden for the world's poor. But others warned that in saying that he wanted to 'make the IMF again', and calling for it to be a 'brutal truth teller', Bessent appeared to be yearning for a return to the bad old days of economic shock theory, when the Fund swept into struggling countries and imposed a prescription of harsh spending cuts and privatisation. Meanwhile, as they geared up to amplify Francis's calls for a jubilee, some in Washington last week privately warned it may take a large-scale default to force the world's powerful to accept the need to lift developing countries' debt burdens. Let's hope it doesn't come to that.
