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The Guardian
4 days ago
- Politics
- The Guardian
65,000 Years: A Short History of Australian Art – a grand, disturbing and provocative exhibition
The opening exhibition at the University of Melbourne's newly refurbished Potter Museum of Art has been given a darkly ironic and deliberately provocative title: 65,000 Years: A Short History of Australian Art. While there is a vast and storied tradition of Aboriginal art, its power and dignity have been criminally under appreciated and devalued until only recently. For most of the 20th century 'this work was considered primitive', says the renowned academic and co-curator of the exhibition, Marcia Langton. The central point of 65,000 Years is declamatory, a forceful demonstration that 'this is not an ethnographic collection', she says. 'It's art.' Given the international standing of Aboriginal art now, where works are hung in major galleries around the world and fetch prices in the millions, it seems bewildering that it was so debased for so long. In the book that accompanies the exhibition, Langton mentions several ethnographers who 'recognised the aesthetic as well as the social and religious implications of the art they encountered', including Karel Kupka and Ronald and Catherine Berndt. But they were exceptions: most collectors thought of the work as naive or 'folk art', and galleries and museums – where they displayed it at all – relegated it to backrooms and basements. Langton and her fellow curators Judith Ryan and Shanysa McConville have organised 65,000 Years around several hero pieces or masterworks. Some are by renowned artists like William Barak, Albert Namatjira and Emily Kam Kngwarray, but many are by unnamed artists whose work was poorly catalogued at the time of acquisition. The opening void that connects the ground floor to the top contains woven works by unknown female artists, alongside three narrbong (or bush bags) by Wiradjuri artist Lorraine Connelly-Northey and a magnificent possum skin cloak by Mandy Nicholson. Langton 'wanted women to be at the heart of the building, because women sustain life'. The exhibition as a whole eschews prettiness and reassurance for something more honest and battle-worn; it grapples with the brutality and theft that underpins Australian colonial history with unflinching candour. Gordon Bennett's Death of the ahistorical subject (up rode the troopers, a, b, c) takes details of a lithograph depicting a massacre of Kamilaroi mob at Slaughterhouse Creek and turns it into a dot-point cry of resistance and reclamation. Christopher Pease's 4 Bedrooms, 2 Bathrooms depicts an Edenic vision of pre-colonial life – superimposed with the floor plan of a new apartment, making the theft of land overt and contemporary. Opening with a collection of works that deal powerfully but respectfully with the atrocities committed in lutruwita (Tasmania), the exhibition moves north through Australia as the viewer ascends the floors. There are rooms of bark paintings from north-eastern Arnhem Land and from Groote Eylandt in the Gulf of Carpentaria. These 'tell the pre-British invasion story of the Dutch coming on their ships', Langton explains, 'as well as the Macassar praus [traditional Indonesian canoes] that were coming here for centuries before the British arrived'. Many of the works in 65,000 Years represent complex and ongoing attempts to reconcile a history of colonial barbarity and murder with an indomitable Indigenous spirit of survival and custodianship. But perhaps the key space, at least as far as the University of Melbourne itself is concerned, is the room labelled the 'dark heart'. In it, contemporary Aboriginal artists interrogate the pseudoscientific and deeply racist history of eugenics, for which the university was an international centre. 'The point is to be offended,' Langton says of this room, which recreates the feeling of an early 20th century lab and includes an imposing portrait of Richard JA Berry, the university's third professor of anatomy and one of the world's leading eugenicists. The skull depicted on his desk may be a memento mori, but it also speaks of the horrors of a colonialist pedagogy, where the remains of Aboriginal people were looted, studied and boxed up for decades, all under the rubric of academia. 'A lot of government policies and white supremacist doctrine emanate from this pseudoscience,' Ryan says; she suggests a line can be drawn from Berry's bogus study to the White Australia policy, the Stolen Generations and Black deaths in custody. McConville agrees, labelling this room 'a call to arms'. If the room is disturbing – more for its clinical, patrician atmosphere and scientific pretensions than any visceral horror it depicts – so is the history it interrogates. But while this 'dark heart' of bones and instruments feels necessary, it isn't indicative of the exhibition as a whole. It lacks the vibrancy of colour, the audacity and resilience, and the sheer joy of the artworks on display elsewhere. Sign up to Saved for Later Catch up on the fun stuff with Guardian Australia's culture and lifestyle rundown of pop culture, trends and tips after newsletter promotion As the viewer reaches the top floors, past major works by Ginger Riley Munduwalawala and Mirdidingkingathi Juwarnda Sally Gabori, they reach a zenith of sorts; a space of astronomy, of stars and the night sky. Dominating one room are the Tjanpi Desert Weavers' lifesize sculptural figures of the Kungkarangkalpa (Seven Sisters), who leapt into the skies to escape a lecherous old man called Nyiru and transformed into the Pleiades. They tell a tale of pursuit and escape, of transformation and metamorphosis, that feels reminiscent of Ovid and Greek myth. There is an expansiveness in these works that is often astonishing; they seem thoroughly uninterested in interiority or psychology in a western sense, championing the omniscient and universal over the solipsistic. Murrinhpatha artist Nym Bandak's All the world is a case in point, with its vision of the universe under the cosmic order of the Rainbow Serpent; it includes the orbit of the sun and moon, the wet and dry seasons and the entire cycle of human life and death. 'This is what most people don't understand,' Langton says. 'Aboriginal art is conceptual art, it's cosmological.' 65,000 Years looks to the future even while it maps the past, with more recent works by Trevor Nickolls, Harry J Wedge and Destiny Deacon illustrating the overtly activist leanings of contemporary Indigenous art. A work like Kaylene Whiskey's Seven Sistas story, painted on to a South Australian tourism road sign, playfully reimagines the seven sisters as pop culture figures like Whoopi Goldberg, Cher and Wonder Woman. Maximalist, intensely colourful and intrinsically interwoven with the artists' lived experience, these works are no repudiation of past practices, but a consolidation and natural progression. There are more than 400 works of art from First Nations artists in 65,000 Years, including rarely seen pieces from the University of Melbourne's own collection, alongside 193 loans from 77 public and private lenders. And yet, it only touches the surface of this vast, ongoing tradition. While endlessly fascinating and deeply moving for non-Indigenous audiences, it is indispensable for the future development of Aboriginal artists, whose work integrates and builds on the legacy of their forebears – and Langton hopes it will lead to an explosion of creativity: 'You can't be what you can't see, right?' 65,000 Years: A Short History of Australian Art is open at Potter Museum of Art until 22 November
SBS Australia
30-05-2025
- SBS Australia
Correcting the record: Marcia Langton believes a new exhibition will change the way people see Indigenous art
Installation view of 65,000 Years: A Short History of Australian Art, Potter Museum of Art, the University of Melbourne, 2025. Photography by Christian Capurro. A new exhibition at the University of Melbourne's Potter Museum will "correct the record" on the rich history of First Nations art, according to one of the country's most renowned academics. 65,000 Years: A Short History of Australian Art features more than 400 works, encompassing bark paintings, sculptures, watercolour paintings, woven works and ceramics. Speaking to NITV News, senior curator and Distinguished Professor Marcia Langton said it was a blockbuster exhibition. "This exhibition is a groundbreaking exhibition that will show I think for the first time - I'm convinced this is the first time ever - the enormous diversity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander art traditions, movements, periods of art, the brilliance of individual artists, that has ever been exhibited in Australia," she said. "Clearly, this is a unique contribution to global humanity of art and its unique to Australia – all the other art traditions came from elsewhere in the world, from Britain and Europe." It will change the way that people think about Indigenous art in Australia. The title of the exhibition is an ironic reference to the late acceptance of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander works by the Australian art scene. Professor Langton said it was unbelievable that such "brilliant" art traditions were not widely recognised or respected by universities, curators or critics until the 1980s and 1990s. "We are correcting the record, visually, by having the best works by the greatest artists and also in context so that the meaning of the work and their history is very clear," she said. Many pieces in the exhibition provide rich historical background. Some are from the frontiers and other pieces include paintings of Makassan and Dutch ships by Anindilyakwa artists from Groote Eylandt in the Northern Territory. Eastern Arrernte woman and associate curator Shanysa McConville said there were also many private pieces in the exhibition that have never been publicly displayed before. "There are over 400 works of art in this exhibition and 50 or so archival documents all of which really just want to get the point across that this is art - these people have been artists for thousands of years," she said. Almost 200 pieces have been loaned to the exhibition from 77 different public and private lenders, including from collectors in Europe - meaning many works will be seen by members of their artists' communities for the first time in decades. Artists from some of these communities have attended the exhibition preview to see how the works have been curated. "We want communities and descendants to come and engage with this work and connect to the work of their kin," Ms McConville said. Professor Langton said she was honoured that other items had been loaned directly to the museum from Traditional Owners, including works from groundbreaking 19th Century Wurundjeri artist and leader William Barak. "Works by William Barak have been acquired recently at an auction in New York by the Wurundjeri Woi Wurrung, they've lent us these precious works, as have the Dja Dja Wurrung people lent us their cultural collection which they have recently repatriated," she said. The exhibition - opening at the tail end of Reconciliation Week - will be the first show at the Potter Museum of Art once it reopens to the public on Friday, after being closed for redevelopment since 2017. It will be open to the public until November. Interviews and feature reports from NITV. A mob-made podcast about all things Blak life. The Point: Referendum Road Trip Live weekly on Tuesday at 7.30pm Join Narelda Jacobs and John Paul Janke to get unique Indigenous perspectives and cutting-edge analysis on the road to the referendum. Watch now
Sydney Morning Herald
23-05-2025
- Politics
- Sydney Morning Herald
Why more than 100 leaders quietly met behind closed doors in Brisbane this week
In the same week that Queensland's LNP government legislated an expansion of its Adult Crime, Adult Time laws, more than 100 First Nations leaders were quietly meeting in Brisbane. On their agenda was the impact of recent government decisions on human rights, and what they described as 'targeted harm' perpetuated against Indigenous children. The Bandarran Marra'Gu Gathering Strength summit, organised by the Queensland Human Rights Commission, was a two-day gathering of prominent identities including Marcia Langton, Mick Gooda and Thomas Mayo. Closed to media, it concluded with a public statement that described the Making Queensland Safer laws as 'egregious breaches of human rights against children'. 'We fear that acts are being committed by the state with the intent to destroy our First Nations by forcibly transferring our children from our responsibility, out of our care and out of our communities,' it read. Loading 'We see the over-representation of our children in Queensland's child protection and youth justice systems not as a coincidence, but as a direct consequence of policies that fail to respect our rights, of services that are culturally unsafe, and of decisions made without our leadership or agreement.' The second tranche of youth justice laws were passed late on Wednesday night, increasing to 33 the number of offences which attract tougher penalties. Days earlier, two special rapporteurs to the United Nations sent an open letter to Australian authorities, noting that a disproportionate number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children were incarcerated across all states and territories, and singling out Queensland for particular criticism.
The Age
23-05-2025
- Politics
- The Age
Why more than 100 leaders quietly met behind closed doors in Brisbane this week
In the same week that Queensland's LNP government legislated an expansion of its Adult Crime, Adult Time laws, more than 100 First Nations leaders were quietly meeting in Brisbane. On their agenda was the impact of recent government decisions on human rights, and what they described as 'targeted harm' perpetuated against Indigenous children. The Bandarran Marra'Gu Gathering Strength summit, organised by the Queensland Human Rights Commission, was a two-day gathering of prominent identities including Marcia Langton, Mick Gooda and Thomas Mayo. Closed to media, it concluded with a public statement that described the Making Queensland Safer laws as 'egregious breaches of human rights against children'. 'We fear that acts are being committed by the state with the intent to destroy our First Nations by forcibly transferring our children from our responsibility, out of our care and out of our communities,' it read. Loading 'We see the over-representation of our children in Queensland's child protection and youth justice systems not as a coincidence, but as a direct consequence of policies that fail to respect our rights, of services that are culturally unsafe, and of decisions made without our leadership or agreement.' The second tranche of youth justice laws were passed late on Wednesday night, increasing to 33 the number of offences which attract tougher penalties. Days earlier, two special rapporteurs to the United Nations sent an open letter to Australian authorities, noting that a disproportionate number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children were incarcerated across all states and territories, and singling out Queensland for particular criticism.
ABC News
21-05-2025
- Politics
- ABC News
Indigenous leaders slam Queensland's 'egregious' youth justice, child protection systems
First Nations leaders have issued an extraordinary statement, saying they fear the Queensland government is trying to "destroy" Indigenous communities by forcibly transferring children from their families. The leaders — who include Marcia Langton, Mick Gooda, Alf Lacey, Dean Parkin and Vonda Malone — said the government is perpetuating 'targeted harm' towards children caught in the 'pipeline' between child protection and juvenile justice systems. "[What] is happening in Queensland are egregious breaches of human rights against children, reminiscent of past Queensland government policies and practices separating children and families," they said. The statement was issued after more than 100 influential leaders held high-level talks in Brisbane this week — the first major forum of its kind since the Voice referendum in 2023. The two-day Bandarran Marra'Gu Gathering Strength Summit was attended by Indigenous legal and human rights experts and was hosted by the Queensland Human Rights Commission. It was also endorsed by Queensland's Human Rights Commissioner Scott McDougall, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children's Commissioner Natalie Lewis and Social Justice Commissioner Katie Kiss. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children are vastly over-represented in child protection systems and in youth detention. In Queensland, Indigenous children were 9.4 times more likely to be in out-of-home care in 2023 — the highest rate in a decade — and on an average day make up 70 per cent of children in prison. The Queensland parliament is expected to pass the second tranche of the LNP's so-called Adult Crime, Adult Time laws this week. The legislation has been sharply criticised by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander organisations, the United Nations and legal experts. The state government on Sunday also announced an inquiry into its "broken" child protection system, which Indigenous leaders say must address the over-representation of Indigenous children. "We hold solutions. It is fundamental that there is adequate opportunity for local Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to participate directly through the entire duration of the inquiry," the statement said. The leaders said the inquiry must look at the intersectionality between the child protection and juvenile justice systems, which exists "because of the systematic failure of housing, health and education". "We see the over-representation … not as a coincidence, but as a direct consequence of policies that fail to respect our rights, services that are culturally unsafe, and of decisions made without our leadership or agreement." They said the Crisafulli government's "ongoing wilful and wanton disregard of decades of evidence, countless reports and our ongoing calls to take responsibility for our children" has resulted in the crisis. On Wednesday, former social justice commissioner Mick Gooda, who attended the summit, told ABC News Breakfast the leaders felt a "sense of abandonment" by Queensland's government since it took power last year. "Their first action when they got elected was to repeal the Path to Treaty legislation, which really was about framing a relationship with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Queensland," he said. "It's been crickets since. We haven't had a relationship with government … and I think government will eventually realise they need a relationship with us." There is growing frustration among prominent First Nations leaders over a perceived lack of political will nationwide on Indigenous affairs since the defeat of the Voice referendum in 2023. The ABC understands some leaders in the room voiced concern that the loss of the Voice referendum has set back progress Indigenous affairs by decades. The referendum sought to enshrine a permanent Indigenous advisory body into the constitution but failed when two-thirds of Australians voted no to the proposal. Mr Gooda said this week's summit was "about taking some power back" after the loss. "We're still suffering, everyone is suffering a bit of trauma from the outcome of the referendum and that has paralysed a whole lot of us," he said. "But now we've got to get over that and move into some action, and therefore we came together to discuss taking some control back." The latest Closing the Gap report showed only four of the 19 targets on Indigenous life expectancy, health, education and land rights are on track to be met. There had also been a 15 per cent spike in Indigenous incarceration in just one year, between 2023 and 2024. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner Katie Kiss told News Breakfast the Queensland government's Adult Crime, Adult Time laws — the second tranche of which is before the parliament this week — was a focus of discussion. If the bill is passed, young people found guilty of 20 further crimes will be tried as adults and face heavier penalties. "We spoke extensively about children's rights yesterday and the impact of those policies and laws on our children," said Ms Kiss. "I've been embarking on an 'Informing the Agenda' tour nationally and in every community consultation, children's rights have come up and the impact of youth justice and detention laws on our children and families have been front and centre." All states and territories are signatories to a national agreement aiming to lift living standards for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people but there is mounting concern that the targets aren't being taken seriously by state and territory governments. The target to reduce Indigenous incarceration by 15 per cent is well off track and worsening in every jurisdiction except Victoria and the ACT. The lead convenor of the Coalition of Peaks, Pat Turner, who negotiated the national agreement on Closing the Gap with the Morrison government, told the ABC last week that all levels of government need to take more action. "We urge the states to make sure that they are fulfilling the needs of our people, consistent with the agreement across the board," she said. "The government has to take a much stronger role, closing the gap is every minister's responsibility, not just Malarndirri McCarthy." The Queensland government has been contacted for comment.
