09-05-2025
Incarcerated New Mexicans challenge solitary confinement
O'Shay Toney and GuJuan Fusilier, two of the three men held in the Penitentiary of New Mexico who are challenging the prison's use of solitary confinement. (Photos courtesy of the American Civil Liberties Union of New Mexico)
Three New Mexicans held at the maximum-security state prison in Santa Fe are challenging the New Mexico prison system's use of solitary confinement, not just for them but for anyone else and those who might be subjected to it in the future.
Through their attorneys, three men on Thursday filed a complaint for class relief against the prison itself, the New Mexico Corrections Department and so far unidentified defendants who will be named later.
O'Shay Toney, GuJuan Fusilier and Mah-konce Hudson allege the prison system has an unlawful and constitutional policy and practice 'of subjecting hundreds of New Mexicans annually to prolonged periods of solitary confinement as a form of punishment for violating prison rules.'
On Thursday, the First Judicial District Court in Santa Fe assigned the case to Judge Matthew Wilson.
'We don't comment on pending litigation,' Corrections Department Spokesperson Brittany Roembach told Source NM in a statement.
The Corrections Department denies it uses solitary, with Roembach instead referring to it as 'restrictive housing.'
'To be clear, solitary confinement does not exist in the NMCD system,' she said. 'We utilize restrictive housing, like the Predatory Behavior Management Program (PBMP), to fix behaviors.'
In response to Source's questions, Roembach shared a copy of the prison system's policy governing the program, which states that its purpose is to 'reduce predatory behavior' among incarcerated people.
ACLU-NM Managing Attorney Lalita Moskowitz told Source NM in an interview it's a very common practice for prison officials to use euphemisms for solitary confinement. Prison reform advocates in New Mexico have said previously that the program is one example of the department putting a different label on solitary confinement.
In the complaint, the incarcerated people allege that the program uses solitary as punishment and guards use arbitrary and inconsistent criteria to put people in it.
Under the program, the men have 'spent months, and in many cases, years of their lives locked in tiny, barren cells for 23 hours per day or more as supposed punishment for violating prison rules,' the complaint states.
If Judge Wilson finds that allegation to be true, that would be a violation of the state's 2019 Restricted Housing Act, which defines 'restrictive housing' as confinement of a person in a locked cell or similar living quarters for 22 or more hours each day without daily, meaningful and sustained human interaction.
Lawmakers to consider more limits on solitary confinement in prisons and jails
There are 147 people in the program at PNM, according to Roembach. ACLU-NM estimates that 400 people have been held in solitary over the last three years.
The policy also requires that prison officials provide mental health and psychiatric treatment to people in the program, however, the complaint alleges, 'In reality, PBMP is a long-term solitary confinement unit that offers little in the way of programming or preparation.'
Both Fusilier and Toney suffer from 'severe mental illness,' the complaint states, and Hudson was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder because of trauma from being in long-term solitary.
Fusiler said in a statement that he's begged for help with his anger, anxiety and PTSD and prison officials have allegedly responded with isolation and rejection.
'This so-called program offered NOTHING it promised,' he said. 'This place doesn't provide growth or positive change for our lives, no matter how loud our cries for help are. It feels like the people running it don't care about the success of my life. Instead, they keep us pinned down and oppressed.'
While in solitary, Toney alleges he is unable to privately or consistently speak with a mental health professional. Hudson 'fears being overmedicated' in solitary and can't access the care he needs because he has no privacy or ability to communicate with providers, the complaint states.
Prison officials have also allegedly prohibited Toney from using technology, making phone calls or accessing the commissary, his property or recreation time, the complaint states.
Hudson said in a statement long-term solitary 'turns anger into hate, eliminates coping mechanisms, leaving only survival tactics, and exacerbates existing mental health issues into debilitating anxiety and paranoia.'
'It teaches isolation rather than connection, leaving people ill-equipped for social environments whether in general population or upon release to society,' he said.
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