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ASCO 2025: Key Highlights in Endometrial and Related Cancers
Ursula A. Matulonis, MD, shares highlights from several key studies showcasing promising developments in the treatment of endometrial cancer. A phase 2 trial led by Dr Panagiotis Konstantinopoulos evaluated a combination of letrozole, abemaciclib, and metformin in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive recurrent disease, reporting promising results. In the DUO-E trial, a post hoc circulating tumor (ctDNA) analysis demonstrated that durvalumab-based therapy reduced ctDNA levels, particularly in mismatch repair-deficient tumors, with further reductions observed when olaparib was added during maintenance. Additional studies underscored therapeutic innovation: a phase 2 trial of benmelstobart, an anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody, with or without anlotinib in combination with chemotherapy showed high response rates, and HB0025, a bispecific antibody targeting PD-L1 and VEGF, also achieved encouraging preliminary results in first-line treatment.
Beyond endometrial cancer, notable progress was reported across other gynecologic malignancies. In cervical cancer, the phase 3 KEYNOTE-A18 trial confirmed the benefit of pembrolizumab plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy, significantly improving both progression-free and overall survival. In vulvar cancer, a phase 2 trial combining pembrolizumab, cisplatin, and radiation therapy showed encouraging antitumor activity. In another phase 2 trial, the HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate SHR-A1811 demonstrated promising response rates in ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers. In ovarian cancer, the FIRST/ENGOT-OV44 trial did not meet its secondary endpoint with the combination of dostarlimab and niraparib maintenance over niraparib alone. However, the ROSELLA trial showed improved overall survival with the combination of relacorilant (a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist) and nab-paclitaxel in platinum-resistant disease.
