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Chicago Tribune
3 days ago
- Entertainment
- Chicago Tribune
Today in History: CNN makes its debut
Today is Sunday, June 1, the 152nd day of 2025. There are 213 days left in the year. Today in history: On June 1, 1980, Cable News Network, the first 24-hour television news channel, made its debut. Also on this date: In 1813, the mortally wounded commander of the USS Chesapeake, Capt. James Lawrence, gave the order, 'Don't give up the ship,' during a losing battle with the British frigate HMS Shannon during the War of 1812. In 1916, the Senate voted 47-22 to confirm Louis Brandeis as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, the first Jewish American to serve on the nation's highest bench. In 1943, a civilian flight from Portugal to England was shot down by German bombers during World War II, killing all 17 people aboard, including actor Leslie Howard. In 1957, Don Bowden, a student at the University of California at Berkeley, became the first American to break the four-minute mile during a meet in Stockton, California, with a time of 3:58.7. In 1962, former Nazi official Adolf Eichmann was executed after being found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity for his actions during World War II. In 1990, U.S. President George H.W. Bush and Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev signed an agreement to stop producing and reduce existing stockpiles of chemical weapons held by the two Cold War superpowers. In 2001, Crown Prince Dipendra of Nepal shot and killed nine members of the Nepalese royal family, including his parents, King Birendra and Queen Aishwarya, before mortally wounding himself. In 2008, a fire at Universal Studios Hollywood destroyed 3 acres of the studio's property, including a vault that held as many as 175,000 irreplaceable master audio recordings from hundreds of musicians including Billie Holiday, Louis Armstrong, Aretha Franklin, Elton John and Nirvana. In 2009, General Motors filed for Chapter 11 reorganization, becoming the largest U.S. industrial company to enter bankruptcy protection. In 2020, police violently broke up a protest by thousands of people in Lafayette Park across from the White House, using chemical agents, clubs and punches to send protesters fleeing; the protesters had gathered following the police killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis a week earlier. Later that day, President Donald Trump, after declaring himself 'the president of law and order' and threatening to deploy the U.S. military in a speech, walked across the empty park to be photographed holding a Bible in front of St. John's Church, which had been damaged a night earlier. Today's Birthdays: Singer Pat Boone is 91. Actor Morgan Freeman is 88. Actor Brian Cox is 79. Actor Jonathan Pryce is 78. Rock musician Ronnie Wood (The Rolling Stones) is 78. Country singer-songwriter Ronnie Dunn is 72. Actor Lisa Hartman Black is 69. Actor Teri Polo is 56. Model-TV personality Heidi Klum is 52. Singer Alanis Morissette is 51. Singer-songwriter Brandi Carlile is 44. Actor-comedian Amy Schumer is 44. Tennis Hall of Famer Justine Henin is 43. Comedian Nikki Glaser is 41. Actor Zazie Beetz is 34. Actor Tom Holland is 29. Actor Willow Shields is 25.
Boston Globe
3 days ago
- General
- Boston Globe
Today in History: June 1, priceless recordings destroyed in Universal Studios fire
Advertisement In 1774, in response to the Boston Tea Party, General Thomas Gage, the newly appointed governor of the Massachusetts colony, closed Boston Harbor to all trade, following the orders of the British Parliament. In 1813, the mortally wounded commander of the USS Chesapeake, Captain James Lawrence, gave the order, 'Don't give up the ship,' during a losing battle with the British frigate HMS Shannon inthe War of 1812. In 1916, the Senate voted 47-22 to confirm Louis Brandeis as an associate justice of the US Supreme Court, the first Jewish American to serve on the nation's highest bench. In 1943, a civilian flight from Portugal to England was shot down by German bombers during World War II, killing all 17 people aboard, including actor Leslie Howard. Advertisement In 1957, Don Bowden, a student at the University of California at Berkeley, became the first American to break the four-minute mile during a meet in Stockton, Calif., with a time of 3:58.7. In 1962, former Nazi official Adolf Eichmann was executed after being found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity for his actions during World War II. In 1980, Cable News Network, the first 24-hour television news channel, made its debut. In 1990, US President George H.W. Bush and Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev signed an agreement to stop producing and reduce existing stockpiles of chemical weapons held by the two Cold War superpowers. In 2001, Crown Prince Dipendra of Nepal shot and killed nine members of the Nepalese royal family, including his parents, King Birendra and Queen Aishwarya, before mortally wounding himself. In 2008, a fire at Universal Studios Hollywood destroyed 3 acres of the studio's property, including a vault that held as many as 175,000 irreplaceable master audio recordings from hundreds of musicians including Billie Holiday, Louis Armstrong, Aretha Franklin, Elton John, and Nirvana. In 2009, General Motors filed for Chapter 11 reorganization, becoming the largest US industrial company to enter bankruptcy protection. In 2020, police violently broke up a protest by thousands of people in Lafayette Park across from the White House, using chemical agents, clubs, and punches to send protesters fleeing. The protesters had gathered following the police killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis a week earlier. Later that day, President Trump, after declaring himself 'the president of law and order' and threatening to deploy the US military in a speech, walked across the empty park to be photographed holding a Bible in front of St. John's Church, which had been damaged a night earlier. Advertisement
Newsweek
21-04-2025
- Business
- Newsweek
Why Trade Wars Lead to Real Wars—and This Time May Be No Different
Based on facts, either observed and verified firsthand by the reporter, or reported and verified from knowledgeable sources. Newsweek AI is in beta. Translations may contain inaccuracies—please refer to the original content. "Freedom of trade among the nations is an essential factor in securing and maintaining the peace of the world," the Free Trade League of America said in a passionate appeal. "History gives evidence that wars have very largely been the result of the struggle for markets, of protests against tariff barriers and prohibitions." The year was 1921 and the appeal went unheeded. Tariffs and trade barriers, including those imposed by the United States in the years to follow, shaped a global environment that helped put the world on the road to World War II. Even more directly, the U.S. oil embargo on Japan in mid-1941 was a spur for the attack on Pearl Harbor that brought the United States into the war. From at least the time of Ancient Greece, tariffs and trade restrictions have been a factor behind wars. As U.S. President Donald Trump imposes tariffs worldwide and particularly on America's greatest rival, China, the question is whether it will happen again. Tariffs Raise Tensions "Considering how quickly we've seen U.S.-Canadian relations sour since Trump's announcement of punitive tariffs just a few months back, it's easy to imagine how, historically, trade conflicts can heighten nationalist tensions, geopolitical rivalry, and enhance the possibility of military conflict," said Exeter University historian Dr. Marc-William Palen, author of Pax Economica: Left-Wing Visions of a Free Trade World. "Of course, this gets into a gray area surrounding correlation versus causation, but most peace workers and anti-imperialists since the mid-19th century have argued that protective tariffs, embargoes, and sanctions lead to trade wars and quickly turn allies into enemies." Among the earliest examples were the economic sanctions and trade restrictions imposed by Athens before 430 B.C. on the city-state of Megara, an ally of Sparta, under the so-called Megarian Decree: a factor in the ensuing Peloponnesian wars. Painting by Robert Dodd shows the USS Chesapeake (left) as it approaches the HMS Shannon during the War of 1812. The Chesapeake is flying a flag that states 'Free Trade and Sailors Rights.' Painting by Robert Dodd shows the USS Chesapeake (left) as it approaches the HMS Shannon during the War of 1812. The Chesapeake is flying a flag that states 'Free Trade and Sailors Rights.' PhotoOther wars linked to tariffs, trade and taxes include those between the English and Dutch in the 17th century, the American Revolutionary War and the war of 1812—after the British stopped Americans accessing lucrative foreign markets. Palen also cited the tariff war between Austria-Hungary and Serbia as a factor in the lead-up to World War I. "History is littered with examples of trade disputes escalating into armed conflict," says the website of the World Trade Organization, which was set up after World War II in part to avoid a repeat of the pre-war trade tensions. "It's a claim that should not be exaggerated, but there is truth in it." Will U.S. and China Fight? As in the case of the once dominant United States and rapidly militarizing China, trade wars may be part of an overall competition for power and therefore as much an indicator of hostilities to come as a cause of them. "It is easier to find example of wars leading to trade barriers than the reverse. And wars are typically the product of many factors, so it is important not to exaggerate the impact of trade barriers as a causal factor," Kevin O'Rourke of CNRS and Sciences Po in Paris told Newsweek. "Nonetheless, trade barriers can heighten tensions between countries, heighten nationalism, and empower those seeking confrontation." Whether or not that was the intention, Trump's imposition of increasing tariffs on China has been met by defiance rather than discussion. "In essence, what China now declares is that it is prepared to fight to the end: trade war, tariff war, technology war, or real war," Victor Gao of the Center for China and Globalization, a Beijing think tank, told Al Arabiya television. Decoupling Economies Disconnecting markets as a result of a trade war can also remove an obstacle to conflict, in that closely bound economies may be less likely to go to war because of the risk of damage that either would face. If the damage has already been done and economies have essentially decoupled from each other already, then there is less additional risk to consider through outright confrontation. With threats of U.S. tariffs as high as 245 percent, the risk to trade is not that it becomes more expensive but that it ceases altogether. Trade restrictions are also a sensitive subject for China, with Communist Party leaders long pointing to the "century of humiliation" China endured after its markets were forced open by British and other Western imperial powers seeking to sell opium and other goods in the 19th century. Trump now accuses China of restricting its domestic market for U.S. and other foreign exporters, as well as of intellectual property theft, currency manipulation and subsidies to give it an unfair economic advantage that is taking U.S. jobs and also helping it fund a military buildup that challenges the United States. "China's historical memory is longer than most. Ever since the European imperial powers used gunboats to force open and carve up Chinese markets across the 19th century, subsequent Chinese governments have remained quite sensitive to any perceived coercive Western trade policies directed against them," Palen. "While the growing tariff war between the U.S. and China doesn't make military conflict certain, it does make the possibility more likely."
