Latest news with #pre-Islamic
Saudi Gazette
29-05-2025
- Saudi Gazette
Hadiyah Castle served pilgrims as a key stop and water source
Saudi Gazette report ALULA — Overlooking the northern part of Madinah, Hadiya Castle stands from a high vantage point between Wadi al-Tabaq and Wadi Khaybar. It embodies a rich historical legacy that tells the story of centuries of pilgrims and traders traveling from the Levant to Makkah. The archaeological site of Hadiyah Castle is one of the most prominent strategic points on the Levantine Hajj Route. It is likely that it was used as a station for pilgrims beginning in the pre-Islamic era, given its direct role in securing the route and providing comfort and supplies to caravans heading to Makkah. This made it a major transit point on this historic route. The castle was built in a strategic area overlooking a pond designated for collecting rainwater, making it an important source of water for pilgrims and a center for supplying them with provisions. The castle includes four defensive towers at its corners, three of which still stand, while the fourth has been affected by the effects of time. The traveler Ibn Battuta referred to this site in his documented journey in the year 726 AH, describing the location of the castle by saying: 'It is a well of water in a valley where they dig, and water comes out, and on the third day they descend into the holy, noble, and honorable city,' referring to the castle's proximity to Madinah and its pivotal position on the road. Historian and Islamic history researcher Dr. Fouad Al-Maghamsi explained that "Hadiya," located in Wadi Al-Tabaq, enjoys a strategic location between Madinah and Al-Ula, approximately 169 kilometers north of the city. It was a major stop for pilgrims and trade caravans in ancient times, thanks to its convenient location on one of the historical stated that the site gained additional importance at the beginning of the twentieth century with the launch of the railway line, when an official station called "Hadiyah" was established as part of a series of major stations along this vital stretch.
Shafaq News
28-05-2025
- Politics
- Shafaq News
Skeletal remains found at Sassanid-era site in central Iraq
Shafaq News/ Archaeological teams have uncovered four unidentified human skeletons during excavations at a Sassanid-era mound in Babil province, an Iraqi security source confirmed on Tuesday. The discovery occurred as excavation teams recovered ancient clay jars and pottery from the Nile subdistrict, north of Hilla, dating back to the Sassanid Empire (224–651 AD)—a significant pre-Islamic period in Mesopotamian history. The skeletal remains were transferred to the Department of Forensic Medicine for further analysis to determine their age, origin, and cause of death. While this find appears to be archaeological in nature, Iraq remains deeply scarred by decades of war, dictatorship, and insurgency, which have left behind some of the world's largest concentrations of mass graves. According to the Iraqi Martyrs Foundation and UN reports, Iraq has more than 200 known mass grave sites, many of them dating back to the Baathist regime under Saddam Hussein, particularly the 1988 Anfal campaign that targeted Kurdish civilians in the north, the 1991 suppression of Shia uprisings in the south, and the brutal crackdowns on political dissidents throughout the 1980s. After 2003, Iraq witnessed a new wave of mass killings at the hands of al-Qaeda and ISIS, especially in areas like Sinjar, where thousands of Yazidis were massacred, and Camp Speicher, where ISIS executed over 1,700 Iraqi cadets.
News18
20-05-2025
- General
- News18
Why India Needs A Museum Of Hindu Art
Last Updated: Like the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Hinduism's influence also needs to be contextualised and presented to the world—and to Hindus too Qatar is even more in the spotlight because of the ongoing talks there on the Gaza issue, but with the World Museum Day just gone by, it is also worthwhile to see the implications of the spectacular Museum of Islamic Art in Doha. As an exposition of the apparent grandeur and breadth of Islamic endeavour in the arts, the museum offers a very eloquent counter to the impression that the religion and its adherents have scarce respect for or interest in this field. However, visitors cannot help but notice that many of the exhibits are not Islamic at all but pre-Islamic. Once upon a time that chronology would have been enough to deem them un-Islamic in the eyes of the faithful, but there are clearly cleverer minds at work nowadays than the preachers of doctrinaire Islam that led the Taliban to blow up the Bamiyan Buddhas in Afghanistan in 2001 and also loot and destroy around 2,750 antiquities at the Kabul Museum. That led many around the world to fear for the future of all antiquities in museums in Islamic countries as well the safety of pre-Islamic architectural and cultural heritage sites in territories in their control. Something had to be done to reassure the world that all those within the Islamic world were not inevitable 'iconoclasts' when it came to art that did not conform to its strict tenets. Setting up institutions that would help control the narrative became an imperative. Thanks to the deep coffers of the Qatari dynasty, smart money was invested in collecting not only 'Islamic art' but also 'art from the Islamic world' (past and present) for the Museum of Islamic Art—designed by the legendary IM Pei—in 2008. It now contains a magnificent, varied body of work, even from countries like India and Spain that are no longer ruled by Muslim dynasties, thereby making a very persuasive case for the beneficial impact of Islam. Laying claim to the aesthetics and artistic output of all regions that once had Muslim rulers as 'Islamic Art" is a bit of a stretch because it's nearly impossible to assess the influence of the religion specifically. But showing how much Islamic artists were inspired by the regions' pre-Islamic art forms—which necessitated buying up many rare examples of both genres—counters the belief that Islam swamped or suppressed many local traditions as it expanded. The Doha museum's stated aim is 'to celebrate Islamic art and civilisation, fostering cultural understanding and global dialogue" and it indeed offers a very alluring picture. Especially since the 'civilisational' angle has been a prickly issue with Christians propounding a similar narrative. The Hagia Sophia's journey from 6th century church to mosque to museum back to mosque in 2020 in Istanbul, for example, points to their tussle for civilisational superiority. Art's connection to religion, and their role in a civilisation has for long been very successfully expounded by the Christian world, with many of the landmarks of human advancement linked to it. Both the Renaissance and the Reformation—periods that saw great progress in the arts—challenged and renewed interest in the Christian faith and thus cannot be excised from its remarkable cultural legacy. Thus, positing Islam as a similar force is a bold initiative. There is no comparable single museum of Christian art, considering that religion reached all five permanently populated continents (Islam has not yet managed to establish control over the two Americas) and certainly altered and affected the cultures of all those places. Perhaps the current rules of political correctness make exhibiting honestly how Christianity impacted the regions where it holds sway a very tough call. Billionaire financiers would also be chary. A large part of the Israel Museum in Jerusalem is devoted to Jewish art and the Wolfson Museum of Jewish Art focuses on the Jewish Diasporic Heritage, Judaica, and the evolution of art from the Second Temple period to the present, including contemporary art. There is also the Jewish Museum in New York, Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme in Paris, and the Jewish Museum in Berlin. But none have the grand sweep of Doha's Islamic art museum. Buddhism, surprisingly, also does not have a mega museum devoted to how it has impacted art and aesthetics across the world, although such a project would not be constrained by political correctness apprehensions. China has approached it tangentially via its Silk Road initiatives but not an institution like the one in Doha. China, of course, is the only nation with the economic heft to build a Buddhist art museum on that scale—despite its Communist government. The benefit of conflating itself with the enormous reach of Buddhism in what it considers its special sphere of influence—South-East and East Asia—makes a Museum of Buddhist Art by and in China almost inevitable. Although, logically, India should be the venue, not only because Buddhism spread from here to the rest of the world but also because it has a sizable collection of Buddhist art already in museums around the country that can be tapped. But while all these other religions have many nations that can host museums on their impact on the arts, only one country can be the venue for an exposition of the artistic impact of Hinduism: India. As there is now a serious relook at the decades of academic work on the perceptions and earlier misconceptions about Hinduism, this is the perfect time to set up a grand Museum of Hindu Art, not hiding behind the broader word 'Indian" fearing criticism. Using the same principle as the museum in Doha, it would also include regions that were once under Hindu rule as part of its sweep. That would mean going beyond the boundaries of Akhand Bharat to include most of South-East Asia, parts of Central Asia—and even West Asia, including the definite effect of Hindu astronomy and mathematics on the cultures there. There is evidence of past Hindu influence on even Oman, Bahrain, Yemen including temples. Apart from what the world may learn from such a museum, it would also be of immense help to tell Hindus in India—and elsewhere too—about the actual ambit of their religion and the visible (and some now-invisible) impact it has had on the arts, and aesthetics of those areas and vice versa. Right now much of the academic and cultural discourse on art centres on the Buddhist and Islamic influence on 'Indian' aesthetics, thereby constricting the scope of Hindu art. A museum that not only traces its evolution but compares and contrasts the interactions of Hindu art with those of other regions and religions would be an eye-opener. Especially if it could be showcased in an iconic receptacle speaking an international idiom (not colonial or revivalist), encapsulating the links between Hinduism's vast and diverse past history in fine and decorative arts and its current status. India needs a modern temple to Hinduism's art heritage. The author is a freelance writer. Views expressed in the above piece are personal and solely those of the author. They do not necessarily reflect News18's views. Location : New Delhi, India, India First Published: May 20, 2025, 11:08 IST News opinion Opinion | Why India Needs A Museum Of Hindu Art
The Star
16-05-2025
- The Star
An oasis of hidden gems awaits
SAUDI ARABIA isn't just a place of pilgrimage for Muslims; it is a melting pot of cultural transformation and enduring heritage. Visitors will discover a land rich in remarkably well-preserved historical relics – thanks in large part to the fact that the country only opened its doors to the world in 2019. If you're eager to uncover the country's timeless charms beyond the buzz of its modern capital, Apple Vacations' 10D7N tour to this Middle Eastern gem offers a chance to explore its hidden treasures. Where the past meets the future Standing proudly at the heart of the Saudi Arabian capital of Riyadh is the Al Masmak Fortress, a 160 year-old citadel. Made of clay and mud bricks, its towering walls and formidable structure make it one of Saudi Arabia's best-preserved historic landmarks. First built as a palace, it now functions as a museum and a symbol of the country's power and rule. Just a 10-minute drive from the fortress is the Saudi National Museum. The eight-gallery museum traces the journey of the universe's origins through the eras of the Arab Kingdoms and pre-Islamic times, culminating in the unification of Saudi Arabia. With more than 3,700 artifacts on display, it gives visitors an in-depth look into the country's rich history and cultural heritage spanning several millennia. For a shopping experience filled with old-world charm, you'll find a treasure trove of items at Souq Al Zal, one of Saudi Arabia's oldest flea markets. Wander through rows of antiques, trinkets, traditional handicrafts and other interesting finds as chatter echoes through its century-old alleyways. Top off the Riyadh experience with panoramic views of the capital at Kingdom Centre Tower. From 300m above, the city's skyline is breathtaking. Ushaiger Heritage Village Ushaiger Village is one of the best-preserved ancient villages in central Arabia. Just north of Riyadh sits one of the oldest towns in the Saudi region. Once a pitstop for pilgrims of ages past, Ushaiger Village continues to be a destination that captures the heart of travellers for its innate charms. Glimpses of the old way of life of the village's past inhabitants surface as you stroll through its winding streets and rugged terrains. Along the way, you'll notice unique triangular roofs and white-rimmed windows that decorate the red mud-brick houses, a relic of Saudi Arabia's architectural traditions. AlUla Unesco World Heritage Site From ancient tombs to geological formations, AlUla is packed with age-old wonders. Take your first step back in time with the AlUla Old Town. Sitting in the narrowest part of the AlUla Valley stands more than 900 mud-brick houses built over 2,000 years ago. Through the mazes of its historic alleyways, feel the place teeming with life from the olden days amongst its historic walls, standing against the test of time. Immerse yourself in the language of the civilisation that once thrived there with the open library of Jabal Ikmah, situated just 20 minutes up north of AlUla Old Town. More than 300 stone inscriptions are carved into the rock faces on the cliffs, each with a story of its own from the Dadanite and Lihyanite periods. The exterior of the Elephant Rock is shaped by millions of years of wind and water erosion. Amongst the sand dunes of Northeast AlUla stands the majestic Elephant Rock in Harat Auwyrith. Rising to a height of 52m, this geological wonder, which resembles an elephant with a ground-bound trunk, is fringed by hundreds of other rock monoliths formed from ancient times. End the day with a star-gazing experience in the desert with a local astronomer, coupled with a traditional dining experience. You might catch a glimpse of the Orion constellation, if you're lucky. Medina, Islam's second holiest city In the heart of Medina stands Al-Masjid an-Nabawi, or the Prophet's Mosque – Islam's second holiest site and the second largest mosque in the world. Known for its iconic green dome, it uniquely retains much of the traditional and contemporary elements of Islamic architecture, from intricate mosaics that decorate its halls to the sliding domes of the mosque. The mosque is not the only one to have evolved with time. Witness the transformation of Medina with the exhibits at Al-Madinah Museum. Just a 15-minute drive from Al-Masjid an-Nabawi, dive deep into Medina's rich history with archaeological collections, visual galleries and rare images of the city found nowhere else. Jeddah, Saudi's second largest city Sitting along the coasts of Jeddah, is the Al Rahma Floating Mosque. Inspired by the city's seafaring heritage, the iconic mosque was erected on water in 1985 and is renowned for its turquoise-coloured dome and white-coloured exterior. South of the Al Rahma Floating Mosque is Al-Balad, the historic centre of Jeddah and one of the most Instagram-worthy sites in Saudi Arabia. The Hijazi houses that line the sides of this Unesco World Heritage Site are known for their coral stone structure and intricately-carved wooden balconies, while its cozy alleyways offer a snapshot-worthy backdrop. The last to add to your list of must-visits is the King Fahd's Fountain, touted as the world's tallest fountain, standing at 312m. The local landmark is a sight to behold from afar, especially when it's illuminated at night. Five-star experiences Apple Vacations has now rolled out their tour packages to Saudi Arabia for 2025. The packages include tickets to the attractions and a treat to Arabian delicacies, as well as five-star accommodation throughout the trip. Additionally, it includes one domestic flight to spare travellers from an 11-hour flight. Tour package is priced from RM31,999 (including flight tickets). Book your adventure on either Nov 19 or Dec 17 to experience Saudi Arabia's past, present– and future. Ready to immerse yourself in the Arabian experience? Click here to kickstart your adventure.
Yahoo
14-05-2025
- Politics
- Yahoo
Tractor SC complete journey to upset Iran's establishment and claim historic title
The league title was won with games to spare by a coach in his first season, leaving fans in the north-west of the country to wait for the official presentation of the trophy. Jamie Carragher said on Sunday that 'Liverpool as a city feels like it is 'us against the world' but that is nothing when compared to those who follow Tractor SC, a club that brings hope, unity and a voice to millions of Azerbaijani Turks, the largest minority in Iran. Now they have a first Iranian championship to celebrate. That journey to the very top took 55 years. It started when the state-owned tractor company set up a team for its workers and residents in Tabriz, the biggest city in the Iran's East Azerbaijan province as a whole, not far from the border with Turkey, Armenia and Azerbaijan. The relationship with the club and Tehran has been mixed ever since, especially as Tractor, after not doing much for quite a while, started to become a force on the pitch as well as a focal point off it. A people with their own language, culture and history who have long felt discriminated against and marginalised by governments (post- and pre-Islamic revolution in 1979) that have pursued Persia-centric policies in a diverse and ancient nation. Supporting the football club has become a way to push back and assert Azeri pride and identity (songs recall ancient heroes), advocate for more representation in Iran (chants in 2012 demanded a better response from the government after a major earthquake) and, sometimes, simply annoy the powers-that-be. It is not surprising that there is ire from Tehran when fans chant slogans invoking the names of capitals from other countries. 'Tabriz, Baku, Ankara, our path leads elsewhere than the path of the Persians.' Shouting that the 'Persian Gulf' should be called the 'Arabian Gulf' is also a surefire way to upset many in the capital and elsewhere, as Donald Trump and his administration will find out if they try to do so. The Iranian government, suspicious of large crowds even when they are gathered to support the national team, are wary of Tractor's pulling power. This season, there has been an average of over 42,000. They are a big draw away, too. On visits to Tehran to take on the twin titans of Persepolis and Esteghlal, thousands come to support them in the cavernous Azadi Stadium. Persepolis may traditionally be the club of the capital's working class in contrast to Esteghlal, the establishment's team, but for Tractor both are part of the ruling regime. These games can be bad-tempered. In 2018, there were 15,000 away fans, swapping ethnic insults with Esteghlal supporters but security forces waded in when the visitors started chanting 'death to the dictator', namely Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. Now Tractor have football-related chants to rile Persepolis and Esteghlal, winners of around two-thirds of all the league titles in Iranian history. On 2 May, a 4-0 victory in Shams Azar clinched the championship with two games to spare. Fans in Tabriz and in other cities in the region took to the streets and partied. It was a long night but then it had been a long time coming. In 2018, one of the richest men in Iran, Mohammad Reza Zonouzi, took over the club. The billionaire brought in John Toshack as coach. It wasn't a random appointment. As well as taking Swansea City through the divisions in the 1970s and 80s, then going on to manage Real Madrid, the former Liverpool forward had also coached Besiktas in Turkey and led Khazar Lankaran to the Azerbaijan Super Cup in 2013. Soon after, Harry Forrester and Lee Erwin left Rangers and Kilmarnock respectively to join up with the Welshman, as did the former Celtic star and Republic of Ireland international Anthony Stokes. Big-name Iranians also made the move, such as the former Fulham and Wolfsburg midfielder Ashkan Dejagah as well as Ehsan Hajsafi and Masoud Shojaei. That trio stayed three years but Toshack lasted just three months. Despite the spending – unprecedented in Iranian football, especially with sanctions and inflation restricting financial power – it did not happen for the Welshman with just nine points from the first six games and a Hazfi Cup elimination. That dismissal seemed harsh (Sven-Göran Eriksson was supposed to be the replacement) and set the scene for coaches and players to come and go over the following years. The title remained absent but then came Dragan Skocic last summer. The Croat led Iran through qualification for the 2022 World Cup but was fired in July of that year, reinstated days later and then jettisoned in favour of Carlos Queiroz just weeks before the tournament started. Skocic brought in Iran's first-choice goalkeeper Alireza Beiranvand as well as Mehdi Torabi, Danial Esmaeilifar and Shoja Khalilzadeh. There was some controversy as the first three were all signed directly from Persepolis and the fourth is a former player of that club (also, Torabi is still remembered for lifting up his shirt in the past to reveal pro-government slogans). While these were not the big names of the last decade – the same is true of the foreign imports – they were solid, experienced players. The Red Wolves reached the top of the league at about a third of the way through the campaign and pretty much stayed there for the duration. Next is Asia. Iran has just one automatic place in the group stage of AFC Champions League Elite, so it may be that the rest of the country will get behind its only guaranteed representative – but then maybe not. Regardless, Tractor will plough on.
