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How Does Long Covid Manifest In Infants And Young Children?
How Does Long Covid Manifest In Infants And Young Children?

Forbes

time2 hours ago

  • General
  • Forbes

How Does Long Covid Manifest In Infants And Young Children?

Washington DC, USA- September 19: Protestors lay down outside the White House to call attention to ... More those suffering from Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and âlong Covid❠on September 19th, 2022 in Washington, DC. (Photo by Nathan Posner/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images) Long Covid symptoms are completely different in infants and toddlers, a recent JAMA Pediatrics study found. While infants and toddlers between the ages of 0 to 2 years are more likely to experience a stuffy nose, cough, poor appetite, fussiness, and sleep problems, children between the ages of 3 to 5 years mainly complain of sleepiness, feeling tired during daytime, low energy and dry cough. The study included 472 infants and toddlers, out of which 278 tested positive for Covid-19 and another 539 preschool-aged children. In this age group, 399 had been infected with the coronavirus. 'Studying long Covid in early childhood presents unique challenges due to rapid developmental changes and limited verbal communication, requiring caregivers to observe, identify, and interpret symptoms,' the researchers wrote in the study. 'These challenges have limited the understanding of symptom profiles in young children. Most long Covid studies that involve young children, including controlled studies, either do not report age-specific subgroup analyses or young children are not well represented.' 'Other Covid-19 studies have focused on SARS-CoV-2 exposure during pregnancy and offspring outcomes, with mixed findings related to birth defects, prematurity, and delayed developmental milestones. However, incomplete knowledge of prolonged symptoms experienced after a young child's own SARS-CoV-2 infection hinders prevention and treatment of LC in infants, toddlers, and preschool-aged children. This is a substantial gap, given that early childhood is a critical period in setting lifelong health trajectories,' they added. The researchers observed that 114 of the 278 infants/toddlers with a history of a Covid-19 infection and 49 of 194 infants or toddlers who did not get infected had at least one prolonged symptom. Whereas 45% of children who had Covid-19 and 37% who did not test positive reported at least one prolonged symptom. Among children, the most common symptom was dry cough (74%), followed by tiredness and daytime sleepiness (33%). "The findings that infants/toddlers and preschool-aged children have varied symptoms may be explained by the fact that symptoms in younger children are reported based on what caregivers can observe rather than what the children themselves are feeling and describing because most children in this age group do not yet have the language, social skills, or understanding of symptoms to share what they are experiencing," the researchers explained. "For example, fears and feelings of pain, brain fog, headache, tiredness, or changes in taste and smell may be hard to identify if the child cannot verbalize their internal feelings or sensations, whereas a symptom such as a cough is easily observed," they added. "A further complication is that the identified symptoms may occur commonly in young children because of their naive immune systems. Daytime sleepiness, trouble sleeping, cough, stuffy nose, and poor appetite can occur in many acute and chronic early childhood illnesses." A 2021 study published in Frontiers in Pediatrics compared the long Covid symptoms of children of all age groups including newborn infants to 18-year-olds, and observed that persistent post-viral symptoms were significantly more common after a Covid-19 infection. The most common symptoms were fatigue, irritability and mood changes, headaches, runny nose, cough, and loss of smell and taste.

Bulgarian nationalists protest government plans to adopt the euro currency
Bulgarian nationalists protest government plans to adopt the euro currency

Washington Post

time5 hours ago

  • Business
  • Washington Post

Bulgarian nationalists protest government plans to adopt the euro currency

SOFIA, Bulgaria — Thousands of flag-waving Bulgarians took to the streets of the capital, Sofia, and other major cities on Saturday to protest government plans to adopt the euro and to demand a referendum on the new currency. The protesters, led by civic groups and nationalist parties, sang patriotic songs and shouted slogans like 'Freedom for the Bulgarian lev' and 'The future belongs to sovereign states.' The anti-euro rally came four days before the Balkan country is expected to receive green light from Brussels to enter the eurozone. The demonstrators in Sofia carried flags of the pro-Russian Vazrazhdane party and a huge banner that read 'The battle for the Bulgarian lev is the last battle for Bulgaria.' An increased police presence kept the protest peaceful. Bulgaria joined the European Union in 2007 and remains of its poorest members, plagued by years of instability that has fueled euroscepticism among its 6.4 million citizens. Disinformation campaigns from home and abroad have added fears of economic changes that could bring more poverty. President Rumen Radev encouraged the anti-euro voices by proposing earlier this month a referendum on the currency, citing public concerns over inflation and purchasing power. The proposal was turned down by the pro-European majority in parliament, which accused Radev of acting in favor of Moscow with his last-minute attempt to sabotage the euro adoption, aimed at deepening European integration amid growing geopolitical tensions.

Bulgarian nationalists protest government plans to adopt the euro currency
Bulgarian nationalists protest government plans to adopt the euro currency

Yahoo

time5 hours ago

  • Business
  • Yahoo

Bulgarian nationalists protest government plans to adopt the euro currency

SOFIA, Bulgaria (AP) — Thousands of Bulgarians took to the streets of the capital, Sofia, and other major cities on Saturday to protest government plans to adopt the euro and to demand a referendum on the new currency. The protesters, led by civic groups and nationalist parties, sang patriotic songs and shouted slogans like 'Freedom for the Bulgarian lev' and 'The future belongs to sovereign states.' The anti-euro rally came four days before the Balkan country is expected to receive green light from Brussels to enter the eurozone. The demonstrators in Sofia carried flags of the pro-Russian Vazrazhdane party and a huge banner that read 'The battle for the Bulgarian lev is the last battle for Bulgaria.' An increased police presence kept the protest peaceful. Bulgaria joined the European Union in 2007 and remains of its poorest members, plagued by years of instability that has fueled euroscepticism among its 6.4 million citizens. Disinformation campaigns from home and abroad have added fears of economic changes that could bring more poverty. President Rumen Radev encouraged the anti-euro voices by proposing earlier this month a referendum on the currency, citing public concerns over inflation and purchasing power. The proposal was turned down by the pro-European majority in parliament, which accused Radev of acting in favor of Moscow with his last-minute attempt to sabotage the euro adoption, aimed at deepening European integration amid growing geopolitical tensions. The Associated Press Error in retrieving data Sign in to access your portfolio Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data

Bulgarian nationalists protest government plans to adopt the euro currency
Bulgarian nationalists protest government plans to adopt the euro currency

Associated Press

time5 hours ago

  • Business
  • Associated Press

Bulgarian nationalists protest government plans to adopt the euro currency

SOFIA, Bulgaria (AP) — Thousands of Bulgarians took to the streets of the capital, Sofia, and other major cities on Saturday to protest government plans to adopt the euro and to demand a referendum on the new currency. The protesters, led by civic groups and nationalist parties, sang patriotic songs and shouted slogans like 'Freedom for the Bulgarian lev' and 'The future belongs to sovereign states.' The anti-euro rally came four days before the Balkan country is expected to receive green light from Brussels to enter the eurozone. The demonstrators in Sofia carried flags of the pro-Russian Vazrazhdane party and a huge banner that read 'The battle for the Bulgarian lev is the last battle for Bulgaria.' An increased police presence kept the protest peaceful. Bulgaria joined the European Union in 2007 and remains of its poorest members, plagued by years of instability that has fueled euroscepticism among its 6.4 million citizens. Disinformation campaigns from home and abroad have added fears of economic changes that could bring more poverty. President Rumen Radev encouraged the anti-euro voices by proposing earlier this month a referendum on the currency, citing public concerns over inflation and purchasing power. The proposal was turned down by the pro-European majority in parliament, which accused Radev of acting in favor of Moscow with his last-minute attempt to sabotage the euro adoption, aimed at deepening European integration amid growing geopolitical tensions.

Thousands Rally in Bulgaria to Protest Plan for Euro Adoption
Thousands Rally in Bulgaria to Protest Plan for Euro Adoption

Bloomberg

time6 hours ago

  • Business
  • Bloomberg

Thousands Rally in Bulgaria to Protest Plan for Euro Adoption

Thousands of people gathered in dozens of cities across Bulgaria to protest against the adoption of the euro as authorities prepare to switch to the European Union's single currency early next year. Several thousand rallied in the capital Sofia on Saturday in one of numerous gatherings backed by the far-right Revival party. Protesters briefly blocked key crossroads while police had closed off parts of the city center in an effort to ensure peaceful demonstrations.

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