Latest news with #volcanicactivity
The Sun
28-05-2025
- Science
- The Sun
Africa is being split apart by intense ‘superplume' of hot rock 1,800 miles below Earth's surface, experts warn
AFRICA is splitting apart - meaning the continent will form two separate land masses with an ocean in between in several million years, experts say. But the driving force behind the continental drift has long been debated. 7 7 7 Scientists previously thought Africa's tectonic plates, which collided to form large mountains and pulled apart to create vast basins, were simply moving apart again. But a new study from the University of Glasgow suggests that intense volcanic activity deep underground may be fuelling the divide. A gigantic superplume of hot rock, roughly 1,800 miles (2,900km) beneath the Earth's surface, is pushing up against the African crust and fracturing it. Professor Fin Stuart, of the University of Glasgow and the Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC), led the project. He said: "We have long been interested in how the deep Earth rises to surface, how much is transported, and just what role it plays on forming the large-scale topography of the Earth's surface. "Our research suggests that a giant hot blob of rock from the core-mantle boundary is present beneath East Africa, it is driving the plates apart and propping up the Africa continent so it hundreds of metres higher than normal." Experts suspected as much back in 2023, but geologists have now detected volcanic gases that back up the theory. The Meengai geothermal field in central Kenya has a chemical signature that comes from deep inside Earth's mantle, matching those found in volcanic rocks to the north, in the Red Sea, and to the south, in Malawi. The discovery indicates that all these locations are sat atop the same deep mantle rock, according to experts. Inside active volcano where world's largest ACID lake is buried - so dangerous it melts human skin & spews blue lava Study co-author, Biying Chen, of the University of Edinburgh and SUERC, said: "These gases from our geothermal wells have provide valuable new insight into the Earth's deep interior." Chen added that the findings will help researchers to understand both the geological forces shaping East Africa and "the fundamental processes which drive the formation of our planet's surface over millions of years". 7 The East African Rift System (EARS) is the largest active continental rift system on Earth. It is in the process of ripping through around 2,175miles (3,500km) of Africa. Continental rifting is nothing new for Earth - and is the reason why we have seven continents today. Roughly 240 million years ago, long before humans roamed, Earth was home to just one supercontinent known as Pangaea. The Scottish Highlands, the Appalachians, and the Atlas Mountains were actually all part of the same mountain range on Pangaea, but were torn apart by continental drift. In January, Ken Macdonald, a professor at the University of California, warned the continent was splitting at a faster rate than expected. Somalia and parts of Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania will form a distinct continent, accompanied by a fresh coastline. The split would create a new ocean, and a small new continent that he said could be called the "Nubian continent". "What might happen is that the waters of the Indian Ocean would come in and flood what is now the East African Rift Valley," Ken Macdonald, a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara, told the Mail Online. The new ocean could become as deep as the Atlantic if waters continue to flow into the area, added Macdonald. 7 7 7
Malay Mail
13-05-2025
- Climate
- Malay Mail
Midnight eruption rocks Philippines' Kanlaon Volcano, reigniting fears of deadly blasts
MANILA, May 13 — A volcano in the central Philippines erupted early Tuesday morning, sending a massive grey plume of ash about three kilometres into the sky and launching ballistic projectiles. Kanlaon Volcano, one of 24 active volcanoes in the Southeast Asian nation, has experienced several eruptions in the past century — the most recent of which occurred last month. A level three alert — on a scale of five — remained in place from an eruption in December, as officials maintained a six-kilometre evacuation radius. 'A moderately explosive eruption occurred at the summit crater of Kanlaon Volcano at 2:55 am today (1855 GMT Monday),' the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology said in a statement, adding that it lasted five minutes. 'The eruption generated a greyish voluminous plume that rose approximately three kilometres above the vent before drifting to the general west,' it said. 'Large ballistic fragments were also observed to have been thrown around the crater within a few hundred metres and caused burning of vegetation near the volcano summit.' With the alert level unchanged, the agency warned of 'increased chances of short-lived moderately explosive eruptions that could generate life-threatening volcanic hazards.' In August 1996, Kanlaon Volcano erupted, sending a spray of heated rocks that killed three hikers who were near the summit at the time. The Philippines is located on the seismically active Pacific 'Ring of Fire', where more than half of the world's volcanoes are found. The most powerful volcanic explosion in the Philippines in recent history was the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, which killed over 800 people. — AFP
