
Meet the Farmer's Daughter Who Cracked UPSC in Her Second Attempt With AIR…. And Said No to ‘Kanyadaan' at Wedding- Know All About Her Inspiring Story
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Tapasya Parihar from Narsinghpur, Madhya Pradesh. She secured All India Rank 23 in the UPSC Civil Services Exam 2017. What made her achievement even more remarkable was that she accomplished this feat without joining any coaching institute, relying entirely on self-study and personal discipline. Her Earlier Academic Journey
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Tapasya was hard working and a good student since childhood. She completed her schooling from the Kendriya Vidyalaya and after completing the class 12th, she went to ILS (Indian Law Society's Law College in Pune. UPSC
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The UPSC Civil Services Exam is one of the most esteemed competitive exams in India, conducted by the Union Public Service Commission to recruit candidates for top administrative roles like IAS, IPS, and IFS. The examination process includes three stages, which includes, Preliminary, Mains, and Interview that evaluates candidates on their general knowledge, analytical ability, and overall personality. Her First Attempt?
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After completing her graduation in Law, she appeared for the one the toughest exams in India, UPSC. She took coaching but she couldn't clear the preliminary examination in her first attempt but failure didn't break her spirits and passion. Turning To Self Study
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After failing in her first attempt, she decided to change her strategy, left her coaching and switched to self-preparation. She focused more on mock paper and current affairs. Changing her strategies helped her a lot. Becoming IAS
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All of her hard work and sacrifice paid off when she cleared the UPSC Civil Service Examination (CSE) in 2017 with All India Rank of 23 and became Indian Administrative Service (IAS) Officer in Bihar Cadre. Her Family
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Tapasya is from a very normal family, when she told her about her dream of becoming an IAS, they supported her a lot. Her father, Vishwas Parihar is a farmer in his hometown and her uncle is a social worker. Her grandmother has been the president of the district Panchayat of Narsinghpur. Her Marriage and Her Stand Against Norms
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She is married to an Indian Foreign Service Officer (IFS) named Garvit Gangwar and during her wedding, Tapasya chose to reject the 'Kanyadaan' ritual, and told her father that she does not see herself as something to be given away. Tapasya As An Inspiration
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Tapasya's journey is inspirational for millions of aspirants across India. She shows that failure is not the end and giving up is not an option. Her story proves that self-discipline and determination can lead to extraordinary success.
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Indian Express
32 minutes ago
- Indian Express
Gulab jamun: The sweet that travelled across empires and centuries
Luqmat-al-qadi, Lady Canning, kalo jaam — this sweet of many names is one of my all-time favourite Indian desserts. You'll find it everywhere: in Indian restaurants abroad, in people's homes, and in the tiniest of shops across India. This is the gulab jamun: deep-fried balls made of milk powder, flour, butter, and cream (or milk), soaked in sugar syrup. One of my fondest childhood memories, from when I was six or seven, is of attending my best friend's birthday party. Alongside all the other dishes, there was always a large glass bowl of small, dark brown gulab jamuns floating in warm syrup. I marvelled each year at the fact that her mother made them from scratch. They were perfectly sweet, soft, and still slightly warm. To this day, gulab jamun remains my favourite Indian dessert. Gulab jamun is popular in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and much of the subcontinent. In 2019, it was even declared Pakistan's national dessert. The name itself loosely translates to 'rose fruit' — gulab meaning rose, and jamun referring to the tart Java plum found across South Asia, which the sweet resembles in shape and colour. The 'rose' could also be a nod to the syrup it is soaked in, often scented with rosewater. That rosewater is a clue to one possible origin story. While there is no definitive proof, many food historians believe gulab jamun was introduced to the subcontinent by Central Asian Turkish invaders. Others claim it was an accidental creation by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan's chef, though credible evidence for that is lacking. What I have discovered is that the dessert is quite similar to the Arabic sweet, luqmat-al-qadi, which was introduced to India by the Mughal emperors. Luqmat-al-qadi is paler in colour and often soaked in honey rather than sugar syrup. It dates back to at least the thirteenth-century Abbasid caliphate, where it appears in cookbooks like Kitab al-Tabeekh and accounts by historians such as Abd-al-Latif al-Baghdadi. Greek poet Callimachus even mentions deep-fried honey balls — served to winners of the ancient Olympic Games — which sound strikingly similar. The method has barely changed: balls of dough fried in oil, then dipped in flavoured syrup, whether orange juice, rosewater, honey, or lemon. Variants appear across the region — the Iranian bamiyeh, the Turkish tulumba and lokma — each with its own twist. In South Asia, Mughal cooks may have adapted these recipes with rosewater to suit the hot climate, alongside other cooling flavours like khus. Recipes vary widely. Some use yoghurt, some baking powder, some milk powder, and a few Pakistani recipes even include an egg. Saffron and cardamom often add depth to the sweetness. Shapes vary too: round, doughnut-shaped, or oval. In Indian Food: A Historical Companion (1994), food historian K T Achaya describes them as 'balls of chenna or khoya or paneer, kneaded using maida, then deep fried till dark brown, and gently boiled in sugar syrup, sometimes flavoured with rose essence'. Knowing the process only deepened my respect for my friend's mother. First, khoya is made by stirring milk over a low flame until it solidifies. This is mixed with flour, kneaded, shaped, and deep-fried, then dipped in sugar syrup infused with cardamom, rosewater, or saffron. The glossy deep-brown colour comes from the caramelisation of milk solids and sugar. In Bengal, you'll find the black-hued kalo jaam — dough balls coated with sugar before frying, giving them their darker colour and firmer texture. Unlike gulab jamun, it's usually served at room temperature. Bengal is also home to the pantua, an oval variant similar to the langcha from Shaktigarh in West Bengal. My favourite variant, however, is the ledikenni. Created for Lady Canning, wife of Governor-General Charles Canning (1856–1862), it is said that she commissioned Bhim Chandra Nag to make a sweet for her birthday. He created a hybrid of pantua and gulab jamun. Locals dubbed it ledikenni. Oblong in shape, infused with cardamom, and with a raisin at its centre, it is distinct from the pantua. Persian, Turkish, Greek, whatever its lineage, I would strongly recommend ending a meal with gulab jamun, pantua, kalo jaam, or ledikenni. Few sweets are made of such simple ingredients yet offer so much gratification, each bite steeped not only in sugar syrup but in centuries of culinary history.


News18
2 hours ago
- News18
Himachal pilot Sumangla Sharma recognised for her role in Operation Sindoor
Shimla, Aug 15 (PTI) Squadron Leader Sumangla Sharma, a serving pilot in the Indian Air Force from Himachal Pradesh, has earned a place among the first few women officers in Indian military history to receive a gallantry commendation for her role in Operation Sindoor. An alumnus of Kendriya Vidyalaya, Shimla, Sqn Ldr Sharma was officially 'Mentioned in Dispatches". The recognition was announced as part of the Independence Day honours. A trained pilot with specialisation in weapon control systems, she served as the Operations Officer during a high-tension air defence engagement on the night of May 8, 2025, when a hostile Pakistani UAV intruded into Indian airspace. Leading her combat team, she launched the vintage Pechora surface-to-air missile, which neutralised the threat with precision. 'This commendation is not just an individual honour. It's a milestone for women in uniform," said a senior Air Force officer familiar with the mission. PTI COR RT RT view comments First Published: August 15, 2025, 16:30 IST Disclaimer: Comments reflect users' views, not News18's. Please keep discussions respectful and constructive. Abusive, defamatory, or illegal comments will be removed. News18 may disable any comment at its discretion. By posting, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.


Indian Express
4 hours ago
- Indian Express
Mains answer practice — GS 1 : Questions on Chola empire and relationship between extreme rainfall, landslides, and flash floods (Week 115)
UPSC Essentials brings to you its initiative for the practice of Mains answer writing. It covers essential topics of static and dynamic parts of the UPSC Civil Services syllabus covered under various GS papers. This answer-writing practice is designed to help you as a value addition to your UPSC CSE Mains. Attempt today's answer writing on questions related to topics of GS-1 to check your progress. 🚨 Click Here to read the UPSC Essentials magazine for July 2025. Share your views and suggestions in the comment box or at Discuss the strategies adopted by the Chola rulers to consolidate political control on land and assert dominance across maritime trade networks. Explain the factors that make the relationship between extreme rainfall, landslides, and flash floods in the Himalayan region complex. Introduction — The introduction of the answer is essential and should be restricted to 3-5 lines. Remember, a one-liner is not a standard introduction. — It may consist of basic information by giving some definitions from the trusted source and authentic facts. Body — It is the central part of the answer and one should understand the demand of the question to provide rich content. — The answer must be preferably written as a mix of points and short paragraphs rather than using long paragraphs or just points. — Using facts from authentic government sources makes your answer more comprehensive. Analysis is important based on the demand of the question, but do not over analyse. — Underlining keywords gives you an edge over other candidates and enhances presentation of the answer. — Using flowcharts/tree-diagram in the answers saves much time and boosts your score. However, it should be used logically and only where it is required. Way forward/ conclusion — The ending of the answer should be on a positive note and it should have a forward-looking approach. However, if you feel that an important problem must be highlighted, you may add it in your conclusion. Try not to repeat any point from body or introduction. — You may use the findings of reports or surveys conducted at national and international levels, quotes etc. in your answers. Self Evaluation — It is the most important part of our Mains answer writing practice. UPSC Essentials will provide some guiding points or ideas as a thought process that will help you to evaluate your answers. QUESTION 1: Discuss the strategies adopted by the Chola rulers to consolidate political control on land and assert dominance across maritime trade networks. Note: This is not a model answer. It only provides you with thought process which you may incorporate into the answers. Introduction: — The Chola empire is known to have reached its peak under Rajaraja I and his son and successor Rajendra Chola I. The doyen of South Indian history, Nilakanta Sastri, has written in his book The Cholas (1955) that under Rajaraja I and his successors, the Chola empire had reached the capacity of 'Byzantine royalty', 'with its numerous palaces, officials and ceremonials and its majestic display of the concentrated resources of an extensive empire'. — Rajaraja I was born to King Parantaka II in 947 CE. Records from copper plate inscriptions have revealed that upon his birth, he was named Arulmozhivarman. Upon accession to the throne in 985 CE, he adopted the regnal title 'Rajaraja' or king of kings. At the time he came to power, Rajaraja I had inherited a tiny kingdom centred around the Thanjavur-Tiruchirapalli region that was still recovering from the disasters of the Rashtrakuta invasions. Body: You may incorporate some of the following points in your answer: — The first military achievement of Rajaraja I's reign was the campaign in the Kerala region. Under his rule, the Chola Empire expanded all along the eastern coast, up to Kalinga in the north. The Cholas soon gained the upper hand over the Pandyas, who were another great dynasty in the Tamil region at the time and one of their biggest rivals. Consequently, the Cholas emerged as the primary power in the northern and eastern parts of the Tamil country. — The rule of Rajaraja I was the predominance of maritime trade. 'Rajaraja Chola understood that domination of lucrative trade routes was a sure way to distinguish himself and his court from the other fragmented polities of the Tamil country,' writes public historian Anirudh Kanisetti in his book, Lords of the Deccan: Southern India from the Chalukyas to the Cholas (2022). — Rajaraja I established himself as one of the most smart and sharp political leaders to emerge from South India. He conquered all Pandya territories before moving to Sri Lanka, where he plundered several Buddhist Viharas and rebuilt Shiva temples to establish the Cholas' empire. — Rajaraja I's personal abilities paved the way for the successes of his son and successor, Rajendra Chola, commonly known as Rajendra the Great. The Chola kingdom rose to its pinnacle and expanded its reach beyond the seas during his reign. — Rajendra Chola first seized royal power in 1012 CE as his father's co-regent, and he became king after Rajaraja I died in 1014 CE. Rajendra inherited his father's vast kingdom, which included all of present-day Chennai and Andhra Pradesh, as well as parts of Mysuru and Sri Lanka. He had profited from a well-established, powerful administration, a robust army, and a thriving trading system. — Rajendra became one of the few Indian monarchs to conquer land beyond the Indian subcontinent. In 1025 CE, he sent a naval expedition to Indochina, the Malay Peninsula, and the Srivijaya Empire, which is today's Indonesia. The expedition attempted to capture vital trade routes in the Indian Ocean region, which had previously been controlled by the Srivijaya Empire. Conclusion: — Chola emperors Rajaraja I and Rajendra Chola I will soon have statues erected in honour of their rich legacy. Recalling the glorious contribution of the 10th-century Chola empire in South India, Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently said that the statues 'would serve as modern pillars of India's historical consciousness' and hailed the two rulers as 'synonymous with India's identity and pride'. (Source: Rajaraja I and Rajendra Chola: The 2 emperors who made the Cholas one of the greatest South Indian powers) Points to Ponder Read more about Chola Empire Read about contribution of Chola towards architecture Related Previous Year Questions Though the great Cholas are no more yet their name is still remembered with great pride because of their highest achievements in the domain of art and architecture. Comment. (2024) Chola architecture represents a high watermark in the evolution of temple architecture. Discuss. (2013) QUESTION 2: Explain the factors that make the relationship between extreme rainfall, landslides, and flash floods in the Himalayan region complex. Note: This is not a model answer. It only provides you with thought process which you may incorporate into the answers. Introduction: — Flash floods are usually triggered by extreme rainfall events that lead to landslides or mudslides with large amounts of debris ending up in streams or rivers. The debris flows down steep slopes with the surging water, its great force sweeping away buildings, vegetation, and roads in its path. — For instance, the Dharali incident indicates the rising risk of such disasters in these ecologically fragile regions, and the increasing uncertainty around their occurrence. This is making the task of installing early warning systems and taking mitigation measures even more difficult. Body: You may incorporate some of the following points in your answer: — A cloudburst has a specific definition in meteorology. The IMD categorises an extreme rainfall event as a cloudburst if a small area, roughly 10 km x 10 km in size, receives at least 100 mm of rain in about an hour. — During a cloudburst occurrence, extremely heavy rainfall raises the likelihood of a landslip. Cloudburst-like phenomena, even if they do not meet the exact definition of a cloudburst, are frequently responsible for flash floods in hill states. Many recent instances in Himachal Pradesh were caused by cloudburst-like events. — Heavy rains, landslides, and flash floods have no direct cause-and-effect link. — Not every cloudburst-like event causes a flash flood or calamity. Not all flash floods are caused by heavy rainfall. — A flash flood-like situation requires a number of factors to come together. In most situations, significant rainfall is followed by landslides or mudslides, which cause runoff into rivers. However, significant rainfall events do not always cause landslides, and even when they do, the debris does not necessarily end up in a river or stream. — Furthermore, the location where this occurs may not necessarily be on a steep enough slope to allow the collected material to descend forcefully. — But, again, landslides are not required to generate flash flooding. In certain circumstances, severe rainfall alone can accomplish this. Conclusion: — The Himalayas are comparatively young mountains. The rocks are not totally cemented, and there are many rather weak geological formations. The region is hence more vulnerable to landslides and flash floods than, instance, the older Aravali highlands. — The Himalayas are also earthquake prone. Continuous seismic activity increases the region's vulnerability to extreme rainfall events. Large-scale construction activities and heavy motor traffic are also major causes. — Certain mitigation measures can certainly be implemented. These might include avoiding construction activity near riverbanks, relocating villages and people away from rivers, and storing and disposing of huge rocks and construction waste in a way that prevents them from being carried into rivers. (Source: Dharali disaster: the complex, uncertain relationship between extreme rain, landslides & flash floods) Points to Ponder Read about cloudburst and flash floods How sustainable construction can be done in the Himalayan region? Related Previous Year Questions What is the phenomenon of 'Cloudbursts'? Explain. (2024) Differentiate the causes of landslides in the Himalayan region and Western Ghats. (2021) UPSC Essentials: Mains answer practice — GS 3 (Week 114) UPSC Essentials: Mains answer practice — GS 3 (Week 115) UPSC Essentials: Mains answer practice — GS 2 (Week 114) UPSC Essentials: Mains answer practice — GS 2 (Week 115) UPSC Essentials: Mains answer practice — GS 1 (Week 114) UPSC Essentials: Mains answer practice — GS 1 (Week 113) Subscribe to our UPSC newsletter and stay updated with the news cues from the past week. Stay updated with the latest UPSC articles by joining our Telegram channel – IndianExpress UPSC Hub, and follow us on Instagram and X.