
Remembering Rutherglen soldier who survived 'brutal' Far East war
He asked for his medals to be brought into the hospital and in his last hours I held his hand, and stroked his forehead, and he said: "I'll be all right." Brave to the last.
Jack Connor, who survived the brutal war in the Far East during WWII (Image: Dorothy Connor)
I'm remembering this, as we mark the 80th anniversary of Victory Over Japan Day.
At the age of 22, Jack Connor was called up to serve as a gunner in the 311/129th Lowland Field Regiment, Royal Artillery, 17th Indian Division, 14th Army - The Forgotten Army - and he spent most of his service on the front line fighting in savage battles at Meiktila and Tiddim to secure the safety of India and Burma from the invading Japanese forces.
Jack and regiment in Burma (Image: Dorothy Connor)
They fought a brutal enemy, whose leaders were described by the Supreme Commander South East Asia Bill Slim as being "beyond humanity." They endured sweltering jungle heat, disease and a hostile terrain, often with little food and few supplies. The air drops were often stolen by the Japanese, including the longed-for letters from home.
After the war, my dad met up with other Rutherglen lads, but reported that a number had been killed in the first Burma campaign. They were told not to talk about their experiences and just get on with their lives - which they did.
It was 1946 before he returned to his work as a hospital engineer at the Southern General Hospital in Govan where he was a trade union shop steward.
(Image: Dorothy Connor)
On Saturday afternoons he would get on his soap box at Speaker's Corner in Rutherglen Main Street and fight for workers' rights and socialism. When my brother and I were born in the 1950s he met with hospital management to demand better conditions for mothers and babies.
When we were growing up he would often say "I was in the Battle of Meiktila, I marched in the Victory Parade in Rangoon.'
In the 1980s, when my dad was in his late 60s he would sometimes wake in the middle of the night thinking he was still fighting the Japanese.
(Image: Newsquest)
As well as the memories in his mind he carried the battle scars on his body as all his comrades did. He died, aged 70, in 1990. I put his Burma Star on his coffin and conducted his funeral myself.
His entry in the Book of Remembrance at the Linn Crematorium in Glasgow is a simple one. It's the last line from his favourite poem: "Tonight, with comrades who have claimed and found me, I march towards the East."
Afterwards, a parcel arrived from his sister Cathie in Somerset. In it were all the letters and photos he had sent to her during the war. Their mother Dorothy had died in 1938 when he was just 18.
Cathie died a few months later. Mum and I went to her funeral and stopped at the cenotaph in London where there is a statue of the Supreme Commander Bill Slim.
My mum laid down a tiny posy of a red rose and a sprig of heather, tied with tartan ribbon, planted by my dad and grown in rich Rutherglen soil and said: 'There you are now, you've not been forgotten." She did that for all the men.
In his book Defeat Into Victory, Field Marshall Slim said: 'The war in Burma was a soldiers' war. It rested on their courage, their hardihood, their refusal to be beaten. It was they who turned defeat into victory."
I have sent Rutherglen library a peace lily and red roses this week for their VJ Day 80th anniversary remembrance display and will lay a wreath at Rutherglen Cenotaph.
The message reads: 'For all the men of the Forgotten Army. Always remembered, always loved.'
Dorothy Connor
Rutherglen
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Glasgow Times
an hour ago
- Glasgow Times
Call to 'illuminate' VJ Day as Glasgow landmarks light up
For Serena Gear, granddaughter of a Glasgow soldier who survived the horrors of this brutal war in the Far East, it will be a particularly poignant moment. Illuminate VJ80 is her campaign, and it will be part of the nationwide tribute for Victory over Japan Day on August 15. While VE (Victory in Europe) Day marked the end of the war in Europe in May 1945, many thousands of Armed Forces personnel – the 'Forgotten Army' - were still engaged in fighting in the Far East. VJ Day marks the surrender of Japan, which ended the Second World War on August 15, 1945. Around 100 locations across the UK, including Glasgow Science Centre and the Squinty Bridge, are lighting up in white, purple and red to represent peace, land and sacrifice. Serena's grandfather James McLean was a piper with the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders 2nd Battalion. Piper James McLean (Image: Courtesy of Serena Gear) Born in Glasgow in 1915, he signed up for military service in 1934. In August 1939, he was deployed to Malaya and Singapore, where he faced untold horrors as a prisoner of war. James was one of two pipers who marched the famous regiment over the Johor–Singapore Causeway, before it was blown up by the retreating British forces in January 1942, to stall the Japanese advancement into Singapore. Piper James McLean, front right, with friends in the army (Image: Courtesy of Serena Gear) This act of extraordinary bravery is captured in a painting, which hangs in Stirling Castle Museum. The painting commemorates the historic march (Image: Courtesy of Serena Gear) James was captured two weeks later and forced to work on the Burma Railway, known as the Death Railway, for almost two years, where conditions were horrific. In June 1944, he was transported to the Japanese coal mines on one of the overcrowded, squalid ships known as 'hell ships' where prisoners were often subjected to beatings. His ship, along with a further nine in the convoy, was attacked by US Forces, and almost 1000 people died. When he finally arrived in the 'nightmare POW camp' at Fukuoka 17B on February 11, 1945, he was put to work in the Mitsui coal mines, enduring harsh winter conditions and brutal torture. James survived it all, and he finally returned home on January 4, 1946. James with his baby daughter (Image: Courtesy of Serena Gear) Serena believes her grandfather and his colleague, Piper Charles Stuart, showed 'extraordinary bravery' and she is campaigning for the two men to be recognised officially. 'Many who should have been honoured were overlooked in the chaos of war,' she explains. 'Even a posthumous 'mention in despatches' for both my grandfather and Piper Stuart would mean the world.' Serena has also launched #VJPipers, a global call for pipers to post a photo or video in tribute. 'People across Scotland can also take part, whether by playing a tune, sharing a photo, or simply standing in remembrance,' she says. A musical tribute from the British Army is now on YouTube, featuring Forbidden Colours by Ryuichi Sakamoto (from the movie Merry Christmas Mr Lawrence), performed by musicians from the Household Division and narrated by Australian broadcaster and journalist Colin Tyrus. 'The tribute is extraordinary,' says Serena. 'But this is about more than remembrance - it's about education. The Pacific War is barely spoken about or taught. Most people associate it only with Pearl Harbor, unaware that Malaya was attacked at the exact same time, and that Scottish regiments bore the brunt of the fighting. 'I am frustrated with the lack of service, attention and commemoration given to VJ Day, compared to VE Day and D-Day. Eighty years on, they are still the 'forgotten army'.' She adds: 'The campaign was brutal, and the suffering immense. I want children to learn about what these men endured, so that it never happens again. Especially now, with so much friction across the world, it's vital that we remember the cost of war.' People can also participate in #IlluminateVJ80 by simply lighting a candle and posting a photo online. Serena set up the Scotland FEPOW Trust to honour the memories of Scotland's Far East prisoners of war from World War II and to share their stories. 'I hope this trust will continue to be a legacy not just to my grandfather but to all Scottish sons, brothers and fathers who fought in the war and those who never came home,' she says. 'I am also working on trying to get a memorial in Scotland for those who fought in the Pacific, as no memorial exists.' On Friday, Serena says she will be proud to see so many landmarks lit up across the country. 'The support has been overwhelming,' she says. 'I truly hope this moment of remembrance brings long-overdue recognition to those who gave so much.'


Wales Online
9 hours ago
- Wales Online
Veteran, 100, witnessed official ceremony marking Japan's surrender
Veteran, 100, witnessed official ceremony marking Japan's surrender Reg Draper was a stores assistant on Royal Navy battleship HMS Duke of York, which was sailing off the coast of Japan in August 1945 when the country surrendered. JAPAN - SEPTEMBER 01: World War II. Pacific front. The American Marines in Sasebo (near Nagasaki) going past a Japanese poster about the army, September 1945. (Photo by Roger Viollet via Getty Images) (Image: (Photo by Roger Viollet via Getty Images)) A 100-year-old Second World War veteran who witnessed the official ceremony marking Japan's surrender has spoken of his memories 80 years on from the end of the conflict. Reg Draper was a stores assistant on Royal Navy battleship HMS Duke of York, which was sailing off the coast of Japan in August 1945 when the country surrendered. His memories of his time at sea include rationing out a daily tot of rum for every member of the crew and coming off worst in a hockey tackle with Queen Elizabeth II's future husband. Mr Draper, who grew up in Leeds, West Yorkshire, said the crew cheered when news of Japan's surrender came from the captain. He said: "All the ships mustered in Tokyo Bay with the USS Missouri, which was the American ship, and it was on the Missouri where they signed the peace treaty. "Then we all came back down to Australia and we went and celebrated – we went down to Tasmania and everybody had four days leave in Hobart. Article continues below "Everybody wanted to take us to their home and there were a couple of dances in the dance hall." Mr Draper witnessed the signing of the Japanese instrument of surrender document firsthand when he went on board the USS Missouri to assist his friend, the ship's official photographer. The 80th anniversary of Victory over Japan Day is being marked on Friday with a commemorative event organised by the Royal British Legion at the National Memorial Arboretum. Mr Draper is planning to watch the ceremony on television from his home in Elton, Cheshire. He volunteered for the Royal Navy on his 18th birthday and said the worst part of joining up was having all his teeth removed after a medical examination found he had problems with his gums. He completed his training at the Butlins holiday camp in Skegness and was sent to HMS Ambrose, on a submarine base in Dundee, Scotland, before serving on HMS Duke of York. One of his duties on ship was rationing out the rum for everyone to have an 11am tot. Chiefs and petty officers were served theirs neat, while the rum would be watered down for the rest of the crew, he said. "I've drunk Navy rum since I've joined up, whenever I could," Mr Draper said. Asked if that had contributed to his long life, the 100-year-old said: "Well, that's the only thing I put it down to." Mr Draper served on HMS Duke of York when it carried out Arctic convoys to deliver supplies to Russia, and in 1945 when it sailed to Sydney, Australia, before joining the East Indies Fleet. He said: "We started going up to the islands, kicking the Japanese out of the islands as we went." Japan surrendered on August 15 1945 after the US dropped atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki earlier in the month. Mr Draper said: "We didn't hear much about it until it got to the captain." HMS Duke of York was escorted by two Royal Navy destroyers including HMS Whelp – which Prince Philip, the late Duke of Edinburgh, served on as first lieutenant. Mr Draper said he had a lasting memory of Philip coming on board when the ship was docked. He said: "We used to have deck hockey on the quarter deck and it was murder playing deck hockey. "He knocked me over once and then the next time he came round he hit me, there's still a mark there, he gave me a clout with his hockey stick. "He came to see me just to see how I was. They just put a stitch in and it was alright." The pair met again years after the war, when Mr Draper was in the Royal Navy Reserves and training sea cadets in Wirral and Cheshire for the Duke of Edinburgh awards. He said Philip saw his medals and remembered he had been part of the crew which escorted his ship, but there was no mention of the hockey games. Mr Draper turned 21 on the return journey from Japan, with more than 2,000 people on board the ship because they were carrying prisoners of war home. The father-of-two, who went on to work as an insurance salesman, said it took time to adjust back on dry land. He said: "When we went through the Bay of Biscay at one time it was that rough that the ship's bows would go 24ft up, 24ft down, just like that. Article continues below "You get used to it. Especially if you're in your hammock, it rocks you to sleep. "One of the most comfortable sleeps I've had is in a hammock!"


The Guardian
12 hours ago
- The Guardian
London museum tells forgotten story of African and Indian troops in second world war
The forgotten story of African and Indian troops who fought in south Asia against Japanese forces during the second world war and who have largely been omitted from the official history is to be brought to life in a London exhibition. The National Army Museum's Beyond Burma: Forgotten Armies show includes rare items from Indian and African soldiers who toiled in some of the harshest conditions seen anywhere during the conflict. There were an estimated 80,000 soldiers from Britain's colonies including the Gambia, Ghana and Sierra Leone who sailed from west Africa to south Asia, initially heading to Burma (modern-day Myanmar) and joining the ranks of the 14th army. Nigerians made up more than half of the west African soldiers deployed to south-east Asia after 1943 as part of the British army's 81st and 82nd (West Africa) Divisions. However, the allied commander Gen William Slim did not mention the African soldiers in his speech thanking the 14th army. Dr Alan Jeffreys, the museum's head of collections and research, said: 'To put it in numerical terms, in the 14th army there were 340,000 Indian soldiers, 100,000 British soldiers, 80,000 African soldiers. That number of Indian soldiers only increased, it was a predominantly Indian army by the end of 1945.' In Britain, the forces in south Asia became known as the 'forgotten army' as the focus shifted to the threat of Nazism that was sweeping through Europe. Beyond Burma, which opens on 16 September, features medal groups awarded to Indian and African soldiers, as well as photographs and artwork. There is a focus on the reality of jungle warfare, the transformation of the Indian army, eventual victory and the campaign that continued during the 1940s in south-east Asia. The challenging jungle conditions affected the entire fighting force and inspired artwork, some of which is included in the exhibition. Jeffreys said: 'There's an artwork, And The World Was Covered in Darkness 1943, and it shows how claustrophobic the jungle could be. It was like an alien environment to pretty much all soldiers fighting that. The Australians in the Malayan campaign, the Indian and African soldiers and British soldiers in the Burma campaign, hardly anyone had fought in the jungle before.' The artwork was painted by Maj Conrad 'Dick' Richardson, who served in D-Force, which took small parties of men behind enemy lines to lay false trails. D-Force was commanded by Peter Fleming, the more famous – at the time – brother of Ian Fleming. The exhibition is an attempt to reposition the conflict in the public imagination. 'The show is called Beyond Burma – the fighting was also in India, Indonesia and Vietnam. The story continues up until the independence of Burma in 1948,' Jeffreys said. 'We want to show that many Indian-African soldiers were involved. Usually the focus is on British returnees and the prisoners of war – that's generally what's remembered in this country, or has been until more recent times.' There have been efforts to redress the imbalance. In 2013, Griff Rhys Jones made a documentary about his father who commanded Ghanaian troops during the conflict. Biyi Bandele's 2007 novel Burma Boy also brought the conflict to life. Ten years ago, to mark the 70th anniversary of VJ Day, there was a focus on capturing the stories of surviving African soldiers. Documentaries detailed some of their experiences, including being treated like 'slaves' by the British, and more positive encounters with African American soldiers who arrived after the Japanese surrendered. 'I knew Nigerians fought, but it was so distant I couldn't place how it affected me as a Nigerian,' was how a grandson of one Nigerian veteran who served in south Asia put it.