AI in Law: IIIT-Hyderabad team devises quick way to search for past judgments
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Hyderabad: A novel approach devised by researchers from International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad (IIIT-H), to retrieve legal documents can now aid lawyers hunting for previous judgments to bolster their arguments.
The IIIT-H team found that the text around legal citations in Supreme Court judgments can help computers better understand and retrieve important past cases.
While many studies focus on using keywords, phrases, or paragraphs to improve legal searches, the IIIT-H team took a different approach. Led by Gaurang Patil and guided by PK Reddy, their research explored how the context around a citation – the words just before or after it – can improve search accuracy.
Their study, "Citation Anchor Text for Improving
Precedent Retrieval
: An Experimental Study on Indian Legal Documents", was presented at the 37th International Conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems (JURIX 2024) in Czech Republic, where it won the Best Paper Award.
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"The idea came from the concept of anchor text – the clickable part of a hyperlink on websites or word documents," said Gaurang. "In the 90s and early 2000s, using anchor text helped improve the quality of web searches. We wanted to test if something similar could work in legal documents," he added.
Using publicly available Supreme Court judgments, the team extracted and analysed the text surrounding citations of earlier cases from two existing datasets. "Our approach showed that leveraging the text around the citation helped create a better representation of the referenced judgment, which in turn improved the overall ability of AI systems to retrieve the right precedent," he added.
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