Unemployment rate at 5.1% in April, urban areas lag at 6.5%
New Delhi: India's unemployment rate among men at 5.2% in April was slightly higher than among women at 5%, according to the country's first official monthly unemployment data released on Thursday.
Overall, the national unemployment rate was 5.1% in April with rural areas at 4.5% outperforming urban centres at 6.5%, as per the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) monthly bulletin released by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI).
"The rural-urban gap is indicative of the job creation pressures in the urban areas," said Paras Jasrai, associate director at India Ratings and Research (Ind-Ra).
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The Labour force participation rate (LFPR)-share of people aged 15 and above working or actively seeking work-remained significantly low among women at only 34.2% in April against 77.7% among males. Overall, LFPR stood at 55.6% last month.
The data is based on the short-term current weekly status (CWS) approach, which measures LFPR and unemployment rate based on whether an individual worked or sought work for at least one hour during the seven days preceding the survey date.
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The LFPR was higher in rural areas at 58% than 50.7% in urban areas. The survey covered 89,434 households and 380,838 people across rural and urban areas.
The government revamped the PLFS methodology from January 2025.
Under the new design, the PLFS will now be released monthly in a move towards real-time employment monitoring. Annual reports will now be based on the calendar year rather than the earlier July-June period.
The April data shows that the female unemployment rate was higher among youth at 14.4% than 13.6% for males. Overall, it was 13.8% for those aged 15-29 years. Across regions, while the youth unemployment rate was higher for females than males in urban areas, it is the opposite in rural areas.
"This could be due to higher female preferences for education in urban areas than rural areas and low employment opportunities in urban areas than rural areas for females," noted Jarai.
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