Weight-loss drugs linked to poor mental health in new study
A new study has linked mental health risks associated with a class of drugs called GLP-1 receptor agonists, commonly prescribed for type 2 diabetes.GLP-1 receptor agonists are medicines that help lower blood sugar. They work by mimicking a natural hormone in the body that controls blood sugar and appetite. These drugs slow down digestion, help the body release the right amount of insulin, and make people feel full for longer.advertisementInitially developed to manage blood sugar levels in diabetic patients, GLP-1 agonists have gained popularity for their weight-reducing effects.
Several popular drugs, such as Ozempic and Mounjaro, contain compounds like semaglutide and tirzepatide, which are part of the GLP-1 receptor agonist class.While these drugs have shown weight-loss effects, the study suggests that they could affect certain genes linked to depression.The findings raise serious concerns about the safety of these medications for some people, especially those with specific genetic traits.The study involved 24 researchers from institutions in the United States, Brazil, Iran, and Israel, who examined individuals with hypodopaminergia, a condition characterised by reduced dopamine activity in the brain. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter involved in mood regulation, motivation, and reward processing.Using pharmacogenomic analysis, the researchers investigated the interaction between GLP-1 receptor agonists and genes associated with dopamine signalling, including DRD3, BDNF, and CREB1.advertisementThe findings indicate that GLP-1 receptor agonists may disrupt dopamine balance in certain individuals, particularly those with already existing problems in dopamine systems. This disruption may increase the risk of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation.Study experts have warned that the mental health risks linked to these medications should not be ignored. Senior author Dr. Kenneth Blum stressed the need for careful prescribing. "We urge the clinical prescribing community to proceed with caution to avoid another tragic wave of 'people dying to lose weight,'"Co-author of the study Dr. Mark S. Gold added that health authorities like the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) should consider updating the warning labels on these drugs to reflect the new findings.The European Medicines Agency has already initiated a review of the safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists, following a rise in reports of psychiatric side effects.In response, the study's authors recommend a more personalised approach to prescribing these medications. This could include genetic testing to help identify individuals who may be at greater risk.Although these drugs remain effective for managing weight and blood sugar levels, the researchers highlighted the importance of regular mental health check-ups.Must Watch
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