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Major chunk of Pacific coast from California to Canada will sink into the sea if mega-earthquake hits this spot, doomsday study warns

Major chunk of Pacific coast from California to Canada will sink into the sea if mega-earthquake hits this spot, doomsday study warns

New York Post30-04-2025
This should have West Coasters shaking in their shoes.
Hundreds of miles of coastline in the Pacific Northwest could go straight into the drink if another major earthquake strikes the region, an alarming new study warned.
A 600-mile-long earthquake hotspot off the Pacific Coast could be due for another monster rumble — and if one happens, shorelines from northern California to Vancouver, Canada, could suddenly sink 6 feet or more.
Towns and cities for hundreds of miles would find themselves in a brand new floodplain, at risk of catastrophic floods and tsunamis at any moment, according to the study published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The aforementioned earthquake minefield is called the Cascadia Subduction Zone, an undersea fault line roughly 100 miles off the coast of North America.
6 A beach in Samoa, California, which could be underwater if an earthquake hits.
San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images
6 Damage from a 1964 quake in Anchorage, Alaska.
U.S. Geological Survey
6 A map of earthquake hotspots around the Pacific Ocean showing the Cascadia Subduction Zone.
FEMA
A big quake there could send massive tsunamis hurtling toward the shore and change the landscape forever.
It could double the 'flooding exposure of residents, structures and roads,' the study warned. Bridges, power lines and other infrastructure would need to be totally rebuilt or else risk instant destruction in a major storm.
The land at risk of flooding would increase by 116 square miles (the equivalent of five Manhattans), the number of people living in floodplains would increase from around 8,000 to 22,000 — and the number of at-risk structures would go from around 13,000 to 36,000, according to the study.
Those grim numbers are more than a hypothetical guess: The study's authors looked at data from another monster earthquake that wiped out a section of Canadian coastline in 1700.
6 An off-road vehicle drives the sandy trails of the Samoa Dunes Recreation Area in Samoa, California.
ZUMAPRESS.com
6 Dust rising from the side of a cliff after an earthquake in Coleville, California, on July 8, 2021
via REUTERS
6 Graphics from the study published in 'Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences' show the possible effects of a major Cascadia quake.
PNAS
Oral histories by the Huu-ay-aht First Nation, in present-day Vancouver Island, tell of shaking that was so intense they thought two cosmic beings — a thunderbird and a whale — must be fighting it out.
Whole forests and villages plunged into the sea, and only one in 600 people living in the area are said to have survived, according to a paper published in Seismological Research Letters.
Modern science has backed up that terrifying tale: Researchers discovered 'ghost forests' and fields of native grasses that seem to have been submerged in moments — a kind of geological snapshot of what could happen if the proverbial thunderbird and whale get into another scrap.
Earthquakes are impossible to truly predict, but in the next 50 years, scientists have put the odds of a major quake at 7-12% in the Cascadia Zone, and 37-42% for just the southern section, which includes northern California and Oregon.
By the year 2060, those odds will have roughly doubled, according to the United States Geological Survey.
So if you buy a beach house in the Pacific Northwest, you might also want to get a canoe.
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ImmunoPrecise Antibodies (IPA) Reports Full Fiscal Year 2025 Results, Record Fourth Quarter Revenue, and Record Fourth Quarter Adjusted EBITDA
ImmunoPrecise Antibodies (IPA) Reports Full Fiscal Year 2025 Results, Record Fourth Quarter Revenue, and Record Fourth Quarter Adjusted EBITDA

Business Wire

timean hour ago

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ImmunoPrecise Antibodies (IPA) Reports Full Fiscal Year 2025 Results, Record Fourth Quarter Revenue, and Record Fourth Quarter Adjusted EBITDA

AUSTIN, Texas--(BUSINESS WIRE)--ImmunoPrecise Antibodies Ltd. ('IPA', 'Company', 'we' or 'us') (NASDAQ: IPA), a bio-native AI company operating at the intersection of TechBio and next-generation drug discovery, today announces its financial results for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2025. All numbers are expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise noted. We delivered strong annual and record fourth quarter revenues, significantly improved gross margins, and achieved one of our strongest adjusted EBITDA performances in the Company's history, with a loss of only $316,000. Financial Highlights: Achieved strong revenue for Fiscal Year 2025 of $24.5 million Delivered highest-ever fourth quarter revenue of $7.0 million Reported record fourth quarter Adjusted EBITDA of ($0.3) million, reflecting improved operating efficiency Achieved fourth quarter gross margin of 64%, up from 48% from Q4 FY24 BioStrand segment grew over 180% in Fiscal year 2025 and had gross margins approaching 90% BioStrand currently represents over 5% of total annual revenue this year, up from less than 2% in Fiscal Year 2024 Recent Corporate Highlights: The Company's LENS ai ™ platform demonstrated that it's in silico epitope mapping achieves results on previously unseen antibody–antigen complexes with results that are on par with gold-standard X-ray crystallography—yet delivering structural insights in hours instead of weeks. An important breakthrough using the Company's HYFT®-powered LENS ai platform, as it identified a highly conserved epitope across all four dengue virus serotypes, a key milestone toward developing a potential universal dengue vaccine. Subsequently announced in silico data supporting the vaccine candidate's safety and its ability to activate a balanced immune response. IPA's AI-designed GLP-1 peptides outperformed or matched semaglutide in independent receptor activation studies, further validating the Company's HYFT-driven LENS ai platform. Entered a strategic USD $8–10 million partnership with a publicly traded biotechnology company focused on the discovery and development of antibody-drug conjugates and bispecific antibodies for potential oncology therapeutics. Realigned internal R&D strategy to focus on launching an AI-powered therapeutic pipeline, reinforcing IPA's shift toward a bio-native AI drug discovery model. ImmunoPrecise subsidiary signed material transfer agreement with Biotheus (now BioNTech), for the transfer and evaluation of antibody assets for bispecific tumor-targeting. Successfully engineered antibodies in silico to a challenging tumor target using LENS ai, advancing IPA's vision for accessible, next-generation therapeutics. Appointed industry veteran Jon Lieber to its Board of Directors, bringing over 30 years of strategic leadership across biotech, capital markets, and public company governance, further strengthening IPA's financial oversight and commercial execution. Named Jeff Fried, a recognized healthcare data visionary, to its Advisory Board. Fried has played a key role in advancing IPA's AI platform capabilities, particularly the integration of vector search to support large-scale, AI-driven discovery within LENS ai ecosystem. Regained compliance with Nasdaq minimum bid price requirement, reflecting strengthened investor confidence and continued alignment with strategic listing standards. 'Fiscal 2025 was a record-setting year for IPA across multiple dimensions,' said Dr. Jennifer Bath, ImmunoPrecise Antibodies CEO. 'We delivered strong annual and record fourth quarter revenues, significantly improved gross margins, and achieved one of our strongest adjusted EBITDA performances in the Company's history, with a loss of only $316,000. This reflects our continued progress toward profitability while accelerating innovation through our HYFT-powered LENS ai platform. Our BioStrand segment alone grew by more than 180% in Fiscal 2025, highlighting the strength of our AI-driven pipeline. These results underscore the growing commercial validation of our technology, our strategic collaborations, and our ability to deliver real-world impact through next-generation antibody discovery and therapeutic design.' 'As we look ahead to the next fiscal year, we are well-positioned to build on our momentum. We are poised to refocus our business on AI-based product development utilizing our LENS ai platform, powered by our patented HYFT technology. We anticipate the near-term completion of the previously announced divestiture of our Dutch subsidiary, as part of our continued focus on streamlining operations and aligning resources with strategic priorities. Together, these strategic steps will sharpen our focus, strengthen our core capabilities, and set the stage for an even brighter future for IPA,' concluded Dr. Bath. Fourth Quarter 2025 Financial Results Revenue for the three months ended April 30, 2025, was $7.0 million, representing an 8% increase compared to $6.5 million for the same period in 2024. Gross profit for the three months ended April 30, 2025, was $4.5 million, up from $3.1 million in the same period last year. Gross margin for FY25 rose sharply to 64%, compared to 48% for FY24. This improvement was driven, in part, by a greater contribution from high-margin BioStrand revenues. Research and development ('R&D') expenses totaled $1.1 million, down from $1.3 million in the prior-year quarter, due to reallocating project-related R&D efforts to cost of sales for clients. Sales and marketing expenses increased to $1.0 million, compared to $0.9 million in the same period last year, due to an increase in digital campaign expenses. General and administrative expenses declined to $3.7 million from $4.1 million, driven by ongoing cost control efforts. Operating loss, excluding amortization and non-recurring charges, improved significantly to $1.4 million, compared to $3.2 million in the fourth quarter of Fiscal Year 2024. Net loss narrowed to $2.2 million, a marked improvement from a net loss of $17.6 million in the same quarter last year, which included a $15 million non-cash impairment charge related to BioStrand's goodwill and intangible assets. Adjusted EBITDA loss improved to $0.3 million, compared to a loss of $1.7 million in the fourth quarter of Fiscal Year 2024, reflecting improved gross profits and enhanced operating efficiency. Full Year 2025 Financial Results Revenue for Fiscal Year 2025 was $24.5 million, up slightly (without rounding) from $24.5 million in Fiscal Year 2024. Gross Profit for Fiscal Year 2025 was $13.5 million, a 12.4% increase compared to $12.1 million in Fiscal Year 2024. Gross margin expanded by 600 basis points to 55%, up from 49% in the prior year. This margin improvement was driven by a greater revenue contribution from the high-margin BioStrand segment, coupled with an increased focus on cost efficiencies. Research and development expenses were $4.9 million in Fiscal Year 2025, up from $4.0 million in Fiscal Year 2024, reflecting increased investment in R&D activities within the BioStrand segment. Sales and marketing expenses were $4.3 million in Fiscal Year 2025, compared to $3.5 million in Fiscal Year 2024, reflecting increased spending on advertising related to digital campaign expenses. General and administrative expenses totaled $14.7 million in Fiscal Year 2025, down from $15.6 million in Fiscal Year 2024, reflecting the Company's continued focus on operational efficiency and cost discipline. Operating loss in Fiscal Year 2025, excluding amortization and non-recurring charges, improved to $10.4 million, compared to $11.1 million in Fiscal Year 2024. Net loss in Fiscal Year 2025 was $30.2 million, or $(0.91) per share on a basic and diluted basis, compared to a net loss of $26.1 million or $(1.02) on a basic and diluted basis in Fiscal Year 2024. Total cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, including restricted cash, were $10.8 million as of April 30, 2025. The reconciliation of Net Loss to Adjusted EBITDA is presented in the table below: *All financial figures are in Canadian Dollars (CAD) unless otherwise stated. Conference Call and Webcast Details The Company will host a live conference call and webcast to discuss these results and provide a corporate update on Friday, July 29, 2025, at 10:30AM ET. The conference call will be webcast live and available for replay via a link provided in the Events section of the Company's IR pages at ***Participant Dial-In Details*** Participants call one of the allocated dial-in numbers (below) and advise the Operator of either the Conference ID 3224490 or Conference Name. USA / International Toll +1 (646) 307-1963 USA - Toll-Free (800) 715-9871 Canada - Toll-Free (800) 715-9871 ***Webcast Details*** Attendee URL: Please call the conference telephone number five minutes prior to the start time. An operator will register your name and organization. Anyone listening to the call is encouraged to read the company's periodic reports available on the company's profile at and including the discussion of risk factors and historical results of operations and financial condition in those reports. About ImmunoPrecise Antibodies Ltd. ImmunoPrecise Antibodies Ltd. is an AI-driven biotherapeutic research, technology and scientifically robust life science company that discovers and develops customized and novel antibodies by generating proprietary and patented processes, procedures and innovative approaches to antibody discovery, development, and production. IPA has several subsidiaries in North America and Europe including entities such as Talem Therapeutics LLC, BioStrand BV, ImmunoPrecise Antibodies (Canada) Ltd. and ImmunoPrecise Antibodies (Europe) B.V. (collectively, the 'IPA Family'). For more information, visit Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of applicable United States and Canadian securities laws. These statements reflect the Company's expectations, plans, projections, and beliefs regarding future events or performance. Words such as 'expects,' 'anticipates,' 'intends,' 'believes,' 'plans,' 'potential,' 'will,' 'may,' 'continue,' and variations thereof are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements in this release include, but are not limited to, statements related to the Company's operational and financial outlook, the potential impact and continuity of strategic partnerships, including the recently announced commercial agreement and collaborations with cloud infrastructure providers, our projected growth in AI-driven revenues and margins, our ability to commercialize new technologies such as de novo antibody design and AI-designed GLP-1 therapeutics, future demand for our platform capabilities, ongoing strategic initiatives including business realignment and divestitures, and our ability to drive sustainable profitability. The Company uses certain non-IFRS financial measures as supplemental indicators of its financial and operating performance. These non-IFRS financial measures are adjusted EBITDA and adjusted operating expenses. The Company believes these supplementary financial measures reflect the Company's ongoing business in a manner that allows for meaningful period-to-period comparisons and analysis of trends in its business. These non-IFRS measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed under IFRS and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. The Company defines adjusted EBITDA as operating earnings before taxes, amortization, depreciation, accretion, asset impairment charges, foreign exchange gain/loss, interest and other income and share-based compensation. Adjusted EBITDA is presented on a basis consistent with the Company's internal management reports. The Company discloses adjusted EBITDA to capture the profitability of its business before the impact of items not considered in management's evaluation of operating unit performance. The most directly comparable IFRS measure to adjusted EBITDA is net loss. These statements are based on management's current expectations and assumptions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied. These include, but are not limited to: execution risks related to strategic partnerships, delays or failures in technology development or commercialization, market adoption of AI-based drug discovery tools, fluctuations in financial markets, general economic conditions, and risks related to funding requirements and liquidity. The Company cautions readers not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. All such statements are made as of the date of this release and, unless required by law, the Company assumes no obligation to update or revise them to reflect new events or circumstances. For a complete discussion of risk factors, investors should refer to IPA's filings with Canadian and U.S. securities regulators, including the most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F available at and IMMUNOPRECISE ANTIBODIES LTD. (Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars) (in thousands) April 30, 2025 $ April 30, 2024 $ ASSETS Current assets Cash 10,665 3,459 Amounts receivable, net 4,115 3,790 Tax receivable 143 414 Inventory 2,095 2,139 Unbilled revenue 548 277 Prepaid expenses 1,188 1,408 18,754 11,487 Restricted cash 126 86 Deposit on equipment 502 475 Property and equipment 15,762 16,696 Intangible assets 1,067 23,557 Goodwill 8,230 7,687 Total assets 44,441 59,988 LIABILITIES Current liabilities Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 5,283 4,372 Deferred revenue 1,090 1,352 Tax payable 475 553 Leases 1,850 1,563 Deferred acquisition payments 314 284 9,012 8,124 Leases 11,553 12,118 Deferred income tax liability 250 4,068 Total liabilities 20,815 24,310 SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Share capital 136,371 119,773 Contributed surplus 12,833 12,388 Accumulated other comprehensive income 3,216 2,077 Accumulated deficit (128,794 ) (98,560 ) 23,626 35,678 Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 44,441 59,988 Expand IMMUNOPRECISE ANTIBODIES LTD. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS For the year ended April 30, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited - Expressed in Canadian dollars) (in thousands) 2025 $ 2024 $ Operating activities: Net loss for the period (30,234 ) (26,115 ) Items not affecting cash: Accretion 10 19 Amortization and depreciation 5,119 5,735 Asset impairment 21,184 15,031 Deferred income taxes (3,935 ) (1,773 ) Foreign exchange 622 15 Gain on investment (7 ) (2 ) Share-based expense 445 1,535 (6,796 ) (5,555 ) Changes in non-cash working capital related to operations: Amounts receivable (298 ) (601 ) Inventory 138 (102 ) Unbilled revenue (248 ) 360 Prepaid expenses 261 624 Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 827 983 Sales and income taxes payable and receivable 8 733 Deferred revenue (302 ) 374 Net cash used in operating activities (6,410 ) (3,184 ) Investing activities: Purchase of equipment (799 ) (1,397 ) Security deposit on leases — (141 ) Deferred acquisition payments — (146 ) Sale of QVQ Holdings BV shares — 121 Net cash used in investing activities (799 ) (1,563 ) Financing activities: Proceeds from share issuance, net of transaction costs 12,228 2,360 Proceeds from debenture 4,242 — Repayment of leases (1,577 ) (1,339 ) Net cash provided by financing activities 14,893 1,021 Increase (decrease) in cash during the period 7,684 (3,726 ) Foreign exchange (438 ) (1,095 ) Cash – beginning of the period 3,545 8,366 Cash – end of the period 10,791 3,545 Cash is comprised of: Cash 10,665 3,459 Restricted cash 126 86 10,791 3,545 Cash paid for interest — — Cash paid for income tax 2 — Expand

How to Maximize the Health Benefits of Walking
How to Maximize the Health Benefits of Walking

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time9 hours ago

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How to Maximize the Health Benefits of Walking

Credit - Ruslan Dashinsky—Getty Images Walking has many demonstrated health benefits: improving heart health, lowering blood sugar, burning calories for weight loss, and improving muscle tone. But most of the research on walking has focused on how long people walk, not how quickly. Recent studies have hinted that altering your walking pace—which has become popular as Japanese walking (also known as interval walking)—might have additional benefits. In a study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, researchers led by Dr. Wei Zheng, professor and director of the Vanderbilt University Epidemiology Center, studied whether walking pace made a difference in people's health. They studied 86,000 people who reported how much they walked each day, as well as other health-related activities such as their diet and whether they smoked or drank alcohol. Over 17 years, the researchers tracked their death rates and correlated mortality to their walking pattern. They found that people who walked at a faster pace for at least 15 minutes a day had a lower risk of dying during the study period than those who walked more slowly. Both groups lowered their risk of death during that time, but the reduction was more impressive among those who regularly walked at a brisker pace. Read More: Why Walking Isn't Enough When It Comes to Exercise While those findings may not be entirely surprising, Zheng says the trial focused on a group of people who aren't typically part of exercise studies. About half of the people in the trial made less than $15,000 a year, and two-thirds of the participants were Black. Studies have documented that these groups 'are at high risk of many diseases including diabetes and hypertension,' says Zheng—so the lower mortality rate is especially reassuring, since it represents a relatively low impact and low cost way to improve health. Current government health recommendations advise moderate exercise for at least 30 minutes most days of the week, and Zheng says that his study shows that even 15 minutes a day can provide benefits. That's good news for people who may currently be sedentary and for whom starting an exercise program can be challenging. 'If you walk just 15 minutes a day, which is below the recommended level [of exercise], you still benefit,' he says. And while the results showed that people who walked the fastest had the greatest reduction in mortality, Zheng says it's important to remember that even people walking at a slower pace showed some benefit. That suggests that if people continue walking, even at a slower pace, and add a few minutes of faster paced walking into their regimen, they could increase their health benefits. Such interval training has long been popular in exercise regimens, but the latest data suggest it applies to walking as well. Contact us at letters@

Signs Your House Has Mold—And How to Get Rid of It
Signs Your House Has Mold—And How to Get Rid of It

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Signs Your House Has Mold—And How to Get Rid of It

Credit - Photo-Illustration by TIME (Source Images: todaydesign/Getty Images, coffeekai/Getty Images, Catherine McQueen—Getty Images) In the early 1990s, the U.S. was shocked by the mysterious deaths of 12 babies in Cleveland's poorest neighborhoods. Evidence, while not conclusive, suggested the babies died from breathing in toxic black mold contaminating their homes due to water leaks. The tragedy had a lasting impact on people's beliefs about the unique effects of black mold, says Karen Dannemiller, associate professor of engineering and public health at Ohio State University. Although mold can be hazardous, scientists now understand 'the color doesn't matter,' Dannemiller says. It's just one of several points of confusion about mold, researchers say. Here are the keys to mold detection, removal, and prevention. How mold affects your health Mold is a type of microbe that thrives in damp places. The specific kind depends on factors like building materials and geographic region of the country. Indoor microbes like bacteria and fungi aren't inherently bad. 'Even a healthy home has a rich and diverse indoor microbial community,' Dannemiller says. Things go wrong when there's excess moisture, such as after a leak. 'Then the fungi start to grow to create areas of mold and produce things that are linked to health impacts.' Concerning types of mold 'come in many colors and species,' says Ginger Chew, an epidemiologist at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The most researched problems from exposure are asthma attacks and chronic asthma, particularly in kids. Studies also show associations with other respiratory diseases like hypersensitivity pneumonitis and allergic rhinitis. Remote work is a risk factor for increased mold exposure just by virtue of spending more time indoors, says David Miller, professor of fungal toxins and allergens at Carleton University. Read More: The Healthiest Way to Clean Your House Besides misunderstandings about color, another mold misconception is the effect of inhaling mycotoxins, compounds produced by certain molds. Mycotoxins can be hazardous when found in food (though U.S. regulations allow limited levels.) But when it comes to inhaling mycotoxins, 'very low evidence' supports any association with illness, Chew says. Jeff May, a mold inspector in Massachusetts who co-wrote a book on improving home health called My House Is Killing Me! A Complete Guide to a Healthier Indoor Environment, adds that expensive urine tests looking for mycotoxin usually don't reflect actual mold growth in one's home. But he thinks patients should take such tests if recommended by a doctor. Symptoms of mold exposure People sometimes blame mold for symptoms that could be caused by other issues. 'There's a constellation of non-specific symptoms,' and more research is needed to understand which ones do and don't relate to mold, Chew explains. An individual's response to mold depends on the type, as different molds contain distinct allergens that cause a range of reactions. Mold could be the culprit if you're coughing a lot, May says. Frequent sneezing is possibly related, though it's more often due to outdoor allergies like pollen, he adds. With increased mold exposure, you're more likely to develop an allergy to it, Miller says. 'We know it makes you more allergic to outdoor molds and even outdoor allergens,' he explains. 'It causes chaos in your immune system.' More anecdotally, people have speculated about fatigue and brain fog being linked to mold. Research in animals shows that mold affects cognition, though data are limited in humans, Miller says. Dannemiller thinks mold could hinder cognition because of the lungs' interconnections with the brain, but 'we don't necessarily have conclusive evidence yet.' Read More: Talc Is Suddenly in the Spotlight. Is it Bad for You? Allergy tests may help diagnose a mold allergy. Chew says these tests have improved in recent decades, but a remaining challenge is that, when checking skin reactions, different types of mold can cross-react with each other. 'So the particular type of mold can be hard to pinpoint,' she says. 'Allergy testing can be hit or miss,' Dannemiller says. 'The fungi tested may not be what you're exposed to.' She recommends each individual speak with their doctor to understand what's causing symptoms and whether they should try allergy testing. The see/smell test Instead of relying only on symptoms or allergy testing, the most important factor is if you see or smell mold. 'Your nose is a good indicator of a problem,' Dannemiller says. 'Odor strongly associates with health problems.' Mold may look black, green or orange, with patches that are fuzzy or powdery, depending on the species and surface. The smell is damp and musty, like rotting leaves. Any amount of mold is cause for concern; scientists haven't found a minimal level that won't bother anyone—partly because individual reactions differ so much. 'There have been attempts to find a threshold limit, but many people who have allergies, upon repeated exposure, mount a faster and more intense response,' Chew says. 'It's just so very individual,' May adds. What to do about mold If you see or smell any mold, call a professional to inspect it. They can confirm or identify problem spots and count the mold spores coming from them. However, keep in mind that mold tests aren't definitive. 'Tests are only weakly associated with health outcomes,' Dannemiller explains. 'Good inspectors put the tests into context as one small piece of the bigger picture.' More critical are the expert's subjective assessments, like whether they observe mold and related dampness or water damage. If these boxes are checked, you need to look into getting it professionally cleaned up, Dannemiller says. Read More: Should You Shower in the Morning or at Night? An expert should also examine your air conditioning equipment. 'If you don't have good filtration, dust builds up on the AC coil and gets wet,' says May 'When you have wet dust, that's a formula for mold growth.' May has looked at thousands of AC units, and most are full of mold. 'That's what people are exposed to, and they don't always smell it,' he says. 'The inspector should take a sample of the air coming from the system.' The basement is another place notorious for mold. 'Aside from air conditioning, that's the most common source,' May says. If you need professional mold removal, the Find-a-Pro directory, provided by the nonprofit Indoor Air Quality Association, is searchable by city for inspectors who specialize in mold remediation. You can also find qualified professionals through the Institute of Inspection Cleaning and Restoration Certification and the American Industrial Hygiene Association. Isolated problems, such as refrigerator mold, can be tackled by homeowners with household cleaners, May says. Fridge door seals and drip pans can release spores into the air, potentially triggering allergic reactions in sensitive people. The trim behind storm windows can develop mold, too. 'Anybody can clean it,' May says. Safe and effective options for cleaning include either hydrogen peroxide or white vinegar. The EPA discourages the use of bleach for this purpose. To address symptoms of a mold allergy, some research suggests that immunotherapy can help. One method, in which patients are increasingly exposed to mold allergens, is approved for treatment. How to prevent mold from taking over your house The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) supports eight principles on healthy housing. Each principle helps prevent mold—especially maintaining a relatively dry home. 'Keep humidity below 50%, because that's the threshold where mold can start growing,' Chew says. Nearly 50% of residences have dampness that leads to mold. HUD and CDC recommend monitors for indoor humidity. Dannemiller suggests getting multiple monitors and positioning them around the home, 'because one room might be really dry, but you've got another place near the bathroom that may have higher humidity at times.' Read More: What to Do About Your Red, Itchy Eyes Homes with weak seals often become humid in the summer even with windows shut. If your home's humidity is consistently over 60%, consider buying a dehumidifier to thwart mold, Chew says. Avoid certain materials like wall-to-wall carpeting in the bathroom. Other bathroom-related priorities are shower curtains. To speed up the drying process, keep your curtain partly extended after showering and turn on a fan, May suggests. Regularly wash the curtain or replace it often. While AC does reduce humidity, overusing it can make the air too cold and ironically increase mold risk by chilling surfaces and causing condensation, Chew says. HEPA air purifiers with carbon filters can trap mold particles. But they won't bring down moisture in your home, which is your best mold-prevention strategy, May says. 'Any kind of filtration is going to be helpful, but I always tell people, remove the source.' Contact us at letters@

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