Youth Homelessness Advocate Says Budget Fails Most Vulnerable
Manaaki Rangatahi Pou Arahi (chief executive) Bianca Johanson told RNZ she was hopeful the Budget would offer targeted relief for Māori and unemployed rangatahi (young people) - but that hope quickly faded.
"We knew there wasn't going to be a lot for Māori," she said.
"But we were hopeful there'd be something for rangatahi, seeing that such a high rate of them are unemployed... but we didn't see any alleviation."
Johanson said, "Māori were ignored in this budget."
"That has been disheartening."
Manaaki Rangatahi is a national youth homelessness collective dedicated to ending youth homelessness in Aotearoa.
It was established in 2018 as a way of consolidating the mahi of different organisations who are also trying to tackle youth homelessness.
Johanson said the sector was seeing the impact of the cost of living crisis, particularly on youth facing housing insecurity - the majority of them Māori.
"For us at Manaaki Rangatahi, we see homelessness, we see a lot of the struggle. People are really hurting."
A call for Manaakitanga
Minister for Social Development Louise Upston announced in this year's Budget that from July 2027, 18 and 19-year-olds would now have their Jobseeker and emergency benefits tested against their parents' incomes.
The policy is forecast to save the government about $163 million over four years, but the income levels parents would be tested against have not yet been decided by Cabinet.
Johanson said the proposed changes were likely to make things harder for the already most vulnerable.
"If the rangatahi is the one that has to do all that advocacy for themselves, go and get their parents' details - this is a very complex situation.
"There are so many people who are the 'working poor' having to support an 18 or 19-year-old on top of all their other expenses. It could actually drive rangatahi out of home."
She fears the proposed changes could create more tension within households and push some youth into harm's way - such as crime and violence.
"I see a lot of these decisions as causing more harm and putting rangatahi and whānau into stressful situations which can create harm. There's no way that this is going to create any kind of unity in the whānau, or support whānau to be together."
"[Māori] are the head of really terrible statistics in Aotearoa - so this Budget and many of the policies that the government have brought forward, aren't exactly addressing them."
She believed kaupapa Māori principles, like manaakitanga, should be at the forefront of decisions made by the government.
"If we're looking at this government and the manaaki that they've shown to Māori, and to rangatahi, it's very absent," Johanson said.
"We see culture as a solution and as a tool of healing. It is what heals our rangatahi in a lot of our youth housing programmes."
'Rangatahi are our future'
Johanson said as it stood, New Zealand did not have a strategy dedicated to support those that were the most vulnerable - rangatahi impacted by homelessness.
"Rangatahi are our future and we're not investing in the future," she said.
"We are damning our children and our rangatahi, the most vital, important people for our future as a country to what? Living on the streets? To be without work? To have really high mental health and suicide stats? I don't understand the logic."
Upston previously said the purpose of the welfare system was to support those who needed it the most.
"With this announcement, we're clearly saying that 18- and 19-year-olds who don't study or work and can't support themselves financially, should be supported by their parents or guardians, not by the taxpayer."
Johanson believed this response was out of touch.
"It's harsh, it's cold, "she said.
"Most people in Aotearoa want to give others a fair go. But we've got kaumātua and kuia working into their 70s and 80s to survive. We've got rangatahi who've been born into homelessness, who don't know what it's like to have their own bedroom - and now we expect their parents to provide support too?"
In response, Upston said the government was "taking steps to make sure work, training or study is the focus for all young people".
"This government recognises that the welfare system should be available for those who most need it. However, we aren't willing to watch any young New Zealanders get stuck on the benefit," she said.
"Recent forecasts show that people under the age of 25 on Jobseeker Support will spend an average of 18 or more years on a benefit over their lifetimes - 49 percent longer than in 2017. That's why I prioritised Welfare that Works in Budget 2025."
Upston said the "Welfare that Works" package included secure funding for two years of Community Coaches and bonus payments - "giving Jobseekers under 25 years more coaching, an assessment of their needs, an individual plan and holding them accountable for achieving that plan."
In terms of the specific policy settings for the 18-19-year-old initiative, final decisions on the parental assistance test will be made later this year, including settings for access to hardship and supplementary assistance.
"The design of the test is likely to take into account a range of considerations including (but not limited to) parents' income level, nature of relationship with the 18- or 19-year-old and circumstances such as whether the parent or guardian are in hospital or in prison."
Minister for Māori Development and Associate Minister of Housing Tama Potaka said the government was investing in rangatahi Māori through education and housing initiatives.
"The government is investing in rangatahi Māori through the overall increase in education funding as well as the extra investment in Māori education specifically, which includes additional funding for kura, te reo Māori proficiency and training for kaiako [teachers].
"Our aspirations are the same as those shared by many parents across the motu: we want to see all rangatahi make the most of their talents. That's why we're saying 18 and 19-year-olds who aren't working or studying should be supported by their parents or guardians, not the taxpayer."
He said it was "wrong" to say the government did not care about housing for vulnerable young people.
"Our housing policy has lifted hundreds of Māori whānau and tamariki out of dire emergency housing and into better homes. That can mean a world of difference for young people in terms of better health, regular school attendance or maintaining employment."
'Talk to us'
Johanson was calling for the government to engage with those directly affected.
"We always ask the government to come talk to us before they make some of these quite strange sanctions and expectations on whānau," she said.
"We are the sector experts. Rangatahi are the experts. Come and talk to us."
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