I Tried This At-Home Pilates Workout And Here's My Honest Review
But first, a quick refresher: Pilates was created in the early 20th century by Joseph Pilates. The primary focus is to strengthen the core, including the abdominals and back, but it's also designed to improve stability, balance, posture, and flexibility, says Liz Hilliard, a certified Pilates instructor and creator of the Hilliard Studio Method.
The low-impact workout can take a variety of forms—it can be done on a large reformer, yoga mat, or against a wall—but Hilliard is a superfan of Pilates exercises at home since they can be easily modified, depending on your skill level and ability. It's also accessible since it doesn't require heavy equipment or costly machinery.
Another reason to jump on the Pilates bandwagon: It's great for women during and after menopause. 'Menopause accelerates muscle loss, decreases bone density, and increases the risk of falls, but Pilates addresses these issues directly by building muscle strength and improving your bone health,' says Pamela Mehta, M.D., an orthopedic surgeon who specializes in longevity and the founder of Resilience Orthopedics. The focus on engaging your deep core also supports pelvic floor strength, which can improve menopause-related conditions like pelvic floor dysfunction, she adds.
That said, if you have osteoporosis, arthritis, or any other pre-existing conditions, or are totally new to exercise, talk to your doctor before trying a new fitness routine.
Keep reading for the benefits of Pilates—plus, the seven best Pilates exercises to do at home.
Meet the experts: Liz Hilliard is a certified Pilates instructor and creator of the Hilliard Studio Method. Pamela Mehta, M.D., is an orthopedic surgeon who specializes in longevity and the founder of Resilience Orthopedics.
Benefits of Pilates
Here are a handful of the perks you can expect from a regular Pilates practice, according to the experts we spoke to.
May help reduce the risk of injury: Muscle strength and balance naturally decline with age, so if you don't maintain it, Dr. Mehta says you're more prone to falls and injury. While dedicated strength training is an important component of a holistic fitness routine, too, regular Pilates helps shore up balance, including in older adults, helping to support and stabilize joints, per 2023 research in Healthcare.
Can decrease stress: Exercise in general can boost your mental health, but Pilates may be especially nurturing to your mind since it encourages deep, mindful breathing, intentional movement, and focused attention, Hilliard says. Research supports this, showing that practicing Pilates just once a week can reduce stress levels and lessen symptoms of anxiety and depression.
May improve pelvic floor functioning: 'For women who have given birth or are going through menopause, Pilates is a great way to improve your pelvic floor function, which can help with urinary incontinence and sexual health,' Dr. Mehta says. This is because Pilates focuses on proper posture and core strength, which helps stabilize the pelvic floor and reduce strain on the surrounding muscles, she says.
May help build full-body strength: Pilates is a low-impact, total-body workout known to target the abs, glutes, hamstrings, arms, and back, Dr. Mehta says. Many Pilates exercises are also compound movements, meaning they work multiple muscle groups at once. That said, Pilates shouldn't replace bone-loading strength work, Dr. Mehta says.
Is accessible to all levels: If you're new to exercises, Hilliard says Pilates is perfect for beginners since it requires little to no equipment. The workout can also be easily modified or leveled up, depending on your ability and goals, she adds.
15-minute at-home Pilates workout
Complete the following exercises three to four times per week. Since I have experience with weightlifting and resistance training, I used five-pound dumbbells where appropriate (squat to biceps curls and arm circles), but you can also do them with just bodyweight. The entire workout took about 15 minutes, and I slotted it into my afternoon schedule as a mid-day pick-me-up.
Each move requires control, so I actively focused on proper form to maximize full-body muscle engagement. My core absolutely worked the entire time, which I appreciate, and my balance kicked into high gear. My quads were also a little shaky after the final set of railroad tracks and leg lifts. In other words, just because the workout is beginner-friendly doesn't mean it's easy.
Time: 15 to 20 minutes | Equipment: Lightweight dumbbells (optional) | Good for: Full body
'This is one of my favorite exercises because it's designed to work every muscle group in your body, from your legs to your core, arms, shoulders, and back,' Hilliard says. It's also a great move to kick-off the workout since it elevates your heart rate and boosts circulation.
Stand with your feet hip-distance apart and hold (optional) light weights in each hand. Alternatively, you can hold a medium to heavy resistance band hooked under your feet.
As you bend your knees, squat to knee level by pushing your glutes to the back of the room.
Keeping your core engaged, come to standing and simultaneously bend your arms into a biceps curl so the weight comes toward your shoulders.
Slowly lower the weights back to the starting position, straightening your arms completely.
That's 1 rep. Do three sets of 10 to 15 reps.
Arm circles are seriously worth your time. According to Hilliard, the move strengthens your posture and core, while simultaneously working the shoulder joint and stabilizer muscles in the upper body.
Stand upright with your heels connected and toes slightly turned out in a narrow V position. For an added balance challenge, raise your heels roughly two inches off the floor.
Bend your knees and drop about halfway down toward the floor, keeping your shoulders stacked over your hips and engaging the quads and core for balance.
With a light weight in each hand (optional), raise your arms to the side at shoulder height to form a T shape.
With your knuckles to the sky and palms to the floor, begin circling the weights about the size of a softball. Circle in one direction for 15 to 30 seconds, then reverse and circle in the opposite direction for the same amount of time.
That's 1 set. Do 3 sets total.
'Triceps dips are a bodyweight exercise designed to build strength in the back of your arms (a.k.a. your triceps),' Hilliard says. You can also expect a burn in your shoulders, chest, and core as you stabilize your body to dip up and down.
Grip the front edge of a sturdy chair or bench with your hands.
Hover your glutes just off and in front of the seat, keeping your arms straight, feet flat, and legs bent so your thighs are parallel to the floor.
Engage your core as you lower toward the floor until your arms form a 90-degree angle.
Squeeze your triceps, then press back to the starting position.
That's 1 rep. Do three sets of 10 to 15 reps.
A plank is a top-tier exercise for targeting your deep core, but it also works the quads, glutes, and back, Hilliard says. The small stabilizing muscles in your spine also get a workout, which can improve posture, she adds.
Start on the floor with your hands under your shoulders and your knees under your hips.
Step your feet back, one at a time, keeping your core engaged and belly button toward the spine.
Maintain a straight line from the top of your head through your heels, with your gaze down.
Hold for 30 to 60 seconds. Complete for three total sets.
Hilliard says push-ups are a signature strength move for a reason: they work the chest, back, shoulders, upper arms, and core. They also improve posture since strengthening the upper body and core supports proper alignment.
Start in a high plank position with your feet slightly wider than hip-width apart and hands slightly wider than your chest.
Engage your core and maintain a neutral spine as you slowly lower down, elbows point slightly out. Don't let your elbows flare out completely to the sides.
Push into your hands and press back up to a high plank.
That's 1 rep. Do three sets of 5 to 10 reps.
Not ready for a full push-up? No worries. Try a kneeling alternative by keeping your knees on the floor.
'This move focuses on balance and leg strength since it activates the small muscles in your legs from the ankles to the hips,' Hilliard says. It also trains stability to enhance body control and reduce the risk of injury, she adds.
Stand upright with your feet parallel like railroad tracks and hips over your knees and ankles.
Place your hands on a steady surface and elevate your heels by pressing into the balls of your feet. If you're ready to progress, you can remove your hands.
Keep your shoulders stacked over your hips as you begin to bend your knees and push your tailbone toward the heels. Never go lower than knee-level.
Squeeze your thighs and slowly travel back up as you straighten your legs.
That's 1 rep. Do three sets of 10 to 15 reps.
This classic Pilates move activates the glutes, hamstrings, and core as you work to lift and lower your leg, Hilliard says. Balancing on three limbs also challenges your balance and coordination.
From parallel railroad tracks, place your heels back on the floor and hinge at the torso over a steady surface.
Bend the elbows and stack your forearms on top of each other as you rest your forehead on your arms and engage the core.
Keep your left standing leg gently bent (rather than locked out) and your right leg straight back.
With a pointed toe, squeeze your glutes and lift your right leg up to hip-level.
With control, move the right leg up and down to tap the floor.
That's 1 rep. Do three sets of 10 to 15 reps on each side.
Pilates pro tips
As you get started with Pilates, consider these pointers from Dr. Mehta and Hilliard.
Warm up and cool down. Dr. Mehta recommends beginning and ending your workout with gentle stretching and mobility exercises. Warming up increases range of motion and flexibility for the upcoming work and cooling down helps lower your heart rate and prevent muscle soreness and stiffness.
Cross-train for bone health. Pilates is excellent for muscle tone, but it doesn't replace bone-loading strength work, Dr. Mehta reiterates. Given such, it's important to combine Pilates with resistance training (even using light weights) and brisk walking or hiking to protect bone density, especially after menopause, she says.
Intentionally plan your workouts. Pilates focuses on strength and conditioning, so doing weightlifting or HIIT on the same day could be overly taxing your joints. 'I recommend using Pilates as an active recovery day and slotting it between strength or high-intensity cardio days,' Dr. Mehta says. 'You'll be recovering from these intense exercises, but in a way that still builds strength and fitness.'
Bottom line
At-home Pilates exercises are great if you're looking for a quick, effective workout. They can build some strength, decrease stress, and support balance. Still, include Pilates exercises in a well-rounded fitness program that also includes dedicated strength training.
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He and his colleagues tested different lithium compounds and found one — lithium orotate — that doesn't bind to amyloid beta. When they gave lithium orotate to mice with signs of Alzheimer's in their brains, these changes reversed: Beta amyloid plaques and tangles of tau that were choking the memory centers of the brain were reduced. Mice treated with lithium were once again able to navigate mazes and learn to identify new objects, whereas those who got placebos showed no change in their memory and thinking deficits. In its natural form, lithium is an element, a soft, silvery-white metal that readily combines with other elements to form compounds and salts. It's naturally present in the environment, including in food and water. Scientists have never fully known how it works to improve mood — only that it does. The original formula for 7Up soda included lithium — it was called 7Up Lithiated Lemon Soda — and touted as a hangover cure and mood lifter 'for hospital or home use.' 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Neither he nor any of his co-authors have a financial interest in the outcome of the research, he said. The National Institutes of Health was the major funder of the study, along with grants from private foundations. 'NIH support was absolutely critical for this work,' Yankner said. The new research corroborates earlier studies hinting that lithium might be important for Alzheimer's. A large Danish study published in 2017 found people with higher levels of lithium in their drinking water were less likely to be diagnosed with dementia compared with those whose tap water contained naturally lower lithium levels. Another large study published in 2022 from the United Kingdom found that people prescribed lithium were about half as likely has those in a control group to be diagnosed with Alzheimer's, suggesting a protective effect of the drug. But lithium's use in psychiatry caused it to become type cast as therapeutic, Yankner said. No one realized it might be important to the body's normal physiology. That happened in part because the amounts of lithium that typically circulate in the body are so small, they couldn't be quantified until recently. Yankner and his team had to adapt new technology to measure it. In the first stage of the research, the scientists tested the brain tissue and blood of older patients collected by the brain bank at Rush University for trace levels of 27 metals. Some of the patients had no history of memory trouble, while others had early memory decline and pronounced Alzheimer's. While there was no change in the levels of most metals they measured, lithium was an exception. Lithium levels were consistently lower in patients with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's compared to those with normal brain function. The brains of patients Alzheimer's disease also showed increased levels of zinc and decreased levels of copper, something scientists had observed before. Consistently finding lower lithium levels in the brains of people with memory loss amounted to a smoking gun, Yankner said. 'At first, frankly, we were skeptical of the result because it wasn't expected,' said Yankner. But it held up even when they checked samples from other brain banks at Massachusetts General Hospital, Duke and Washington universities. 'We wanted to know whether this drop in lithium was biologically meaningful, so we devised an experimental protocol where we could take lithium selectively out of the diet of mice and see what happens,' Yankner said. When they fed the mice a low-lithium diet, simply dropping their natural levels by 50%, their brains rapidly developed features of Alzheimer's. 'The neurons started to degenerate. The immune cells in the brain went wild in terms of increased inflammation and worse maintenance function of the neurons around them, and it looked more like an advanced Alzheimer patient,' Yankner said. The team also found the gene expression profiles of lithium-deficient mice and people who had Alzheimer's disease looked very similar. The researchers then started to look at how this drop in lithium might occur. Yankner said in the earliest stages there's a decrease in the uptake of lithium in the brain from the blood. They don't yet know exactly how or why it happens, but it's likely to be from a variety of things including reduced dietary intake, as well as genetic and environmental factors. The major source of lithium for most people is their diet. Some of the foods that have the most lithium are leafy green vegetables, nuts, legumes and some spices like turmeric and cumin. Some mineral waters are also rich sources. In other words, Yankner said, a lot of the foods that have already proven to be healthy and reduce a person's risk of dementia may be beneficial because of their lithium content. 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CNN
27 minutes ago
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Scientists say it may be possible to protect aging brains from Alzheimer's with an old remedy — lithium
Chronic diseases Dementia Getting olderFacebookTweetLink Follow In a major new finding almost a decade in the making, researchers at Harvard Medical School say they've found a key that may unlock many of the mysteries of Alzheimer's disease and brain aging — the humble metal lithium. Lithium is best known to medicine as a mood stabilizer given to people who have bipolar disorder and depression. It was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1970, but it was used by doctors to treat mood disorders for nearly a century beforehand. Now, for the first time, researchers have shown that lithium is naturally present in the body in tiny amounts and that cells require it to function normally — much like vitamin C or iron. It also appears to play a critical role in maintaining brain health. In a series of experiments reported Wednesday in the journal Nature, researchers at Harvard and Rush universities found that depleting lithium in the diet of normal mice caused their brains to develop inflammation and changes associated with accelerated aging. In mice that were specially bred to develop the same kinds of brain changes as humans with Alzheimer's disease, a low-lithium diet revved the buildup of sticky proteins that form plaques and tangles in the brains that are hallmarks of the disease. It also sped up memory loss. Maintaining normal lithium levels in mice as they aged, however, protected them from brain changes associated with Alzheimer's. If further research supports the findings, it could open the door to new treatments and diagnostic tests for Alzheimer's, which affects an estimated 6.7 million older adults in the United States, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The research provides a unifying theory that helps explain so many of the puzzle pieces scientists have been trying to fit together for decades. 'It is a potential candidate for a common mechanism leading to the multisystem degeneration of the brain that precedes dementia,' said Dr. Bruce Yankner, a professor of genetics at Harvard Medical School, who led the study. 'It will take a lot more science to determine whether this is a common pathway… or one of several pathways,' to Alzheimer's, he added. 'The data are very intriguing.' In an editorial published in Nature, Dr. Ashley Bush, a neuroscientist who directs the Melbourne Dementia Research Center at the University of Melbourne in Australia, said the researchers 'present compelling evidence that lithium does in fact have a physiological role and that normal aging might impair the regulation of lithium levels in the brain.' He was not involved in the study. Close examination of human and animal brain tissues, along with genetic investigations in the study, found the mechanism that appears to be at play: Beta amyloid plaques — the sticky deposits that gum up the brains of Alzheimer's patients — bind to lithium and hold it, including the type that's normally present in the body, as well as the commonly prescribed form. This binding depletes lithium available for nearby cells, including important scavengers known as microglia. When the brain is healthy and functioning normally, microglia are waste managers, clearing away beta amyloid before it can accumulate and can cause harm. In the team's experiments, microglia from the brains of lithium-deficient mice showed a reduced ability to sweep away and break down beta amyloid. Yankner believes this creates a downward spiral. The accumulation of beta amyloid soaks up more and more lithium, further crippling the brain's ability to clear it away. He and his colleagues tested different lithium compounds and found one — lithium orotate — that doesn't bind to amyloid beta. When they gave lithium orotate to mice with signs of Alzheimer's in their brains, these changes reversed: Beta amyloid plaques and tangles of tau that were choking the memory centers of the brain were reduced. Mice treated with lithium were once again able to navigate mazes and learn to identify new objects, whereas those who got placebos showed no change in their memory and thinking deficits. In its natural form, lithium is an element, a soft, silvery-white metal that readily combines with other elements to form compounds and salts. It's naturally present in the environment, including in food and water. Scientists have never fully known how it works to improve mood — only that it does. The original formula for 7Up soda included lithium — it was called 7Up Lithiated Lemon Soda — and touted as a hangover cure and mood lifter 'for hospital or home use.' Some hot springs known to contain mineral water brimming with lithium became sought out wellness destinations for their curative powers. Still, people who take prescription doses of lithium — which were much higher than the doses used in the new study — can sometimes develop thyroid or kidney toxicity. Tests of the mice given low doses of lithium orotate showed no signs of damage. That's encouraging, Yankner said, but it doesn't mean people should try to take lithium supplements on their own. 'A mouse is not a human. Nobody should take anything based just on mouse studies,' Yankner said. 'The lithium treatment data we have is in mice, and it needs to be replicated in humans. We need to find the right dose in humans,' he added. The normal amounts of lithium in our bodies, and the concentrations given to the mice, are small — about 1,000 times lower than doses given to treat bipolar disorder, Yankner notes. Yankner said he hoped toxicity trials of lithium salts would start soon. Neither he nor any of his co-authors have a financial interest in the outcome of the research, he said. The National Institutes of Health was the major funder of the study, along with grants from private foundations. 'NIH support was absolutely critical for this work,' Yankner said. The new research corroborates earlier studies hinting that lithium might be important for Alzheimer's. A large Danish study published in 2017 found people with higher levels of lithium in their drinking water were less likely to be diagnosed with dementia compared with those whose tap water contained naturally lower lithium levels. Another large study published in 2022 from the United Kingdom found that people prescribed lithium were about half as likely has those in a control group to be diagnosed with Alzheimer's, suggesting a protective effect of the drug. But lithium's use in psychiatry caused it to become type cast as therapeutic, Yankner said. No one realized it might be important to the body's normal physiology. That happened in part because the amounts of lithium that typically circulate in the body are so small, they couldn't be quantified until recently. Yankner and his team had to adapt new technology to measure it. In the first stage of the research, the scientists tested the brain tissue and blood of older patients collected by the brain bank at Rush University for trace levels of 27 metals. Some of the patients had no history of memory trouble, while others had early memory decline and pronounced Alzheimer's. While there was no change in the levels of most metals they measured, lithium was an exception. Lithium levels were consistently lower in patients with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's compared to those with normal brain function. The brains of patients Alzheimer's disease also showed increased levels of zinc and decreased levels of copper, something scientists had observed before. Consistently finding lower lithium levels in the brains of people with memory loss amounted to a smoking gun, Yankner said. 'At first, frankly, we were skeptical of the result because it wasn't expected,' said Yankner. But it held up even when they checked samples from other brain banks at Massachusetts General Hospital, Duke and Washington universities. 'We wanted to know whether this drop in lithium was biologically meaningful, so we devised an experimental protocol where we could take lithium selectively out of the diet of mice and see what happens,' Yankner said. When they fed the mice a low-lithium diet, simply dropping their natural levels by 50%, their brains rapidly developed features of Alzheimer's. 'The neurons started to degenerate. The immune cells in the brain went wild in terms of increased inflammation and worse maintenance function of the neurons around them, and it looked more like an advanced Alzheimer patient,' Yankner said. The team also found the gene expression profiles of lithium-deficient mice and people who had Alzheimer's disease looked very similar. The researchers then started to look at how this drop in lithium might occur. Yankner said in the earliest stages there's a decrease in the uptake of lithium in the brain from the blood. They don't yet know exactly how or why it happens, but it's likely to be from a variety of things including reduced dietary intake, as well as genetic and environmental factors. The major source of lithium for most people is their diet. Some of the foods that have the most lithium are leafy green vegetables, nuts, legumes and some spices like turmeric and cumin. Some mineral waters are also rich sources. In other words, Yankner said, a lot of the foods that have already proven to be healthy and reduce a person's risk of dementia may be beneficial because of their lithium content. 'You know, oftentimes one finds in science that things may have an effect, and you think you know exactly why, but then subsequently turn out to be completely wrong about why,' he said.

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