What is Lyme disease, and does Justin Timberlake have it?
New Jersey had the third-most cases of Lyme disease in the nation as recently as 2022, according to the New Jersey Department of Health.
And with Lyme disease outbreaks on the rise throughout the country, here's what you need to know about Lyme disease and steps you can take to protect yourself and your family.
What is Lyme disease?
Lyme disease is caused by tick bites but isn't spread person-to-person, noted the the New Jersey Department of Health.
The Lyme disease-causing ticks thrive in woodsy areas, such as much of New Jersey.
What are Lyme disease symptoms?
The three stages of Lyme disease have different symptoms, according to PennMedicine:
Stage 1: chills; fevers; joint and muscle pain
Stage 2: Nerve numbness; facial paralysis; fainting spells; meningitis
Stage 3: fluid buildup in joints; neuropathy
How you can prevent, treat Lyme disease
The New Jersey Department of Health advises you to avoid wooded areas with dense shrubs and leaf litter, wearing protective clothing, using insect repellents, perform tick checks and mowing lawns frequently will help you avoid tick bites and Lyme disease.
"After spending time in tick-infested areas, ask a partner to check you for ticks in areas on your body that you can't see very well," advised the Harvard Medical School. "The common bite areas are the back of the knee, the groin, under the arms, under the breasts in women, behind the ears, and at the back of the neck."
Justin Timberlake confirms Lyme disease diagnosis
Superstar pop singer Justin Timberlake told his fans in an instagram post that his Lyme disease diagnosis nearly forced him off tour.
"Among other things, I've been battling some health issues, and was diagnosed with Lyme disease - which I don't say so you feel bad for me - but to shed some light on what I've been up against behind the scenes," read a portion of Timberlake's lengthy Instagram post. "If you've experienced this disease or know someone who has, then you're aware: living with this can be relentlessly debilitating, both mentally and physically.
"When I first got the diagnosis I was shocked for sure. But, at least I could understand why I would be onstage and in a massive amount of nerve pain or, just feeling crazy fatigue or sickness," Timberlake's post continued. "I was faced with a personal decision. Stop touring? Or, keep going and figure it out. I decided the joy that performing brings me far outweighs the fleeting stress my body was feeling. I'm so glad I kept going."
According to Business Insider, Timberlake is just the most recent celebrity to come down with Lyme disease.
In 2020, both Justin Bieber and Amy Schumer reportedly confirmed their Lyme disease diagnosis, and Avril Lavigne was reportedly bedridden by Lyme disease in 2014.
Damon C. Williams is a Philadelphia-based journalist reporting on trending topics across the Mid-Atlantic Region.
This article originally appeared on NorthJersey.com: What is Lyme disease, and did Justin Timberlake say he had it?
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People develop flu-like symptoms such as headache, muscle aches and fatigue. Some develop a characteristic 'bull's-eye' rash known as erythema migrans. The second stage occurs three to 12 weeks after the initial infection. This is the 'early disseminated' stage in which people have more widespread symptoms. They can include dizziness, chest pain, palpitations, arthritis and facial nerve paralysis. The third stage is 'late disseminated' disease, which can occur months after infection. Here, again, there is a constellation of symptoms. They include ongoing joint pain, fatigue, depression, palpitations, and other neurological, rheumatological and cardiac involvement. CNN: How is Lyme disease treated, and why is it important to get prompt treatment? Wen: Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can prevent complications and the progression to the next stages of disease. The standard treatment is antibiotic therapy. Most people are cured after taking oral antibiotics for 10 to 14 days. Preventive therapy is common, too. If someone has been bitten by a black-legged tick, also known as a deer tick , in an area of the country known to have Lyme, they could take one dose of the antibiotic doxycycline to prevent Lyme infection. This step should be done within 72 hours of the tick bite. It's important to carefully remove the tick if it's still attached. Take a picture and bring it with you to the doctor's appointment, or send the picture to your provider if you're having a telemedicine visit. CNN: Is there a blood test one could take to see whether they have Lyme disease? Wen: Yes, though there are several limitations. The most common tests are antibody tests, which detect antibodies the body makes in response to infection. These tests probably don't turn positive until several weeks after infection, so if someone just got infected and took the test, it will be negative even if the person has Lyme. In addition, the antibodies could persist in the blood for months or even years, but their presence alone does not signify that Lyme disease is the cause of all the symptoms a person may have. False positives also can occur, with some other tickborne diseases and autoimmune illnesses triggering a positive result in the absence of Lyme disease. CNN: Then how is Lyme disease diagnosed? Wen: Typically, it's diagnosed through a careful symptom documentation and an exposure history. Physical signs, such as the characteristic rash, enlarged lymph nodes or joint swelling, can aid in the diagnosis, as well. Blood testing can help but has limitations, as I mentioned earlier. The provider often presumptively treats with antibiotics based on the clinical history. CNN: What does it mean when someone has 'chronic Lyme'? Wen: There is a condition called post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome, or PTLDS. This refers to people who have had Lyme disease but, six months or longer after completing treatment, still have persistent symptoms. These symptoms can include fogginess, difficulty thinking, ongoing fatigue, and nerve and joint pain. It's not known why some people develop PTLDS. There are several hypotheses, including a persistent infection or autoimmune response. The symptoms of PTLDS can be treated, but there is no proven cure. The term 'chronic Lyme disease' includes people who have PTLDS. It is sometimes also used to describe symptoms in people who have not been diagnosed with Lyme disease. According to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 'because of the confusion in how the term (chronic Lyme disease) is employed, and the lack of a clearly defined clinical definition, many experts in this field do not support its use.' In my experience as a physician and patient advocate, I have met many people who believe they have this condition and are really suffering. Many are debilitated as a result and unable to function as they previously did. Just like long Covid and other similar conditions, there is much that we do not understand about this condition. Far more research needs to be done in order to alleviate the very real agony and distress that these patients are experiencing. CNN: Is there a vaccine for Lyme disease? Wen: There are several vaccines against Lyme disease for dogs. For humans, there are some late-stage clinical trials that are ongoing, including one by Valneva and Pfizer that could be submitted for regulatory approval by 2025. CNN: What are ways to avoid contracting Lyme? Wen: Without a vaccine, the best way to prevent Lyme disease is to prevent tick bites. If you are going to areas where ticks known to carry Lyme are found, wear long-sleeved shirts and pants. Use insect repellent that contains DEET. Once you return indoors, examine yourself — and children and pets — for ticks. Remove the tick if found, and immediately contact your primary care provider to ask about preventive antibody treatment. And stay alert for symptoms, since early antibiotic therapy is crucial to prevent longer-term consequences. Get inspired by a weekly roundup on living well, made simple. Sign up for CNN's Life, But Better newsletter for information and tools designed to improve your well-being. Solve the daily Crossword