Iowa Senate passes anti-SLAPP bill providing free speech, press protections
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The Iowa Senate unanimously passed a bill Wednesday that would provide protection against lawsuits aimed at limiting constitutional freedoms of speech and press.
The legislation, House File 472, is known as an anti-SLAPP bill — referring to a measure intended to combat 'strategic lawsuits against public participation,' or SLAPP lawsuits. These are civil lawsuits filed by organizations or individuals against entities such as news organizations or activists not with the expectation of winning the case, but to discourage them from publishing articles or speaking publicly on an issue by engaging them in a long, expensive legal battle.
'In most cases, these actual tort claims for defamation or other related theories are weak and (lack) merit, but those purposes are tied to the speaker's legal fees and make them back down,' Sen. Jeff Reichman, R-Montrose, the floor manager for the bill, said.
The measure would provide protections for those facing such lawsuits by allowing expedited relief in court for cases related to First Amendment rights, including freedoms of speech and press.
The House has passed anti-SLAPP bills in several previous legislative sessions with bipartisan support that have failed to advance in the Senate. During House debate on the bill, Rep. Steven Holt, R-Denison, said he has attempted to pass anti-SLAPP measures since 2018. Those efforts were in response to a 2018 lawsuit against the Carroll Times Herald filed by a Carroll police officer who sued the newspaper after reporting that he had sexual relationships with teenagers, which the officer had admitted to. While the judge dismissed the case, the legal dispute 'almost put them out of business,' Holt said.
Though no senators but Reichman spoke on the bill Wednesday, the measure was unanimously approved by the chamber.
The Senate amended the legislation to state the protections only apply to civil actions filed on or after the bill's enactment — removing a provision in the original House bill that expedited relief could also be granted to a 'cause of action asserted in a civil action.' With the bill's passage in the Senate, it moves back to the House for approval of the amendment before it can go to Gov. Kim Reynolds.
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