US issues sanctions against Francesca Albanese, UN official investigating abuses in Gaza
The state department's decision to sanction Francesca Albanese, the UN special rapporteur for the West Bank and Gaza, comes after a recent US pressure campaign to force the international body to remove her from her post failed.
Albanese, a human rights lawyer, has been vocal in calling for an end to what she describes as the 'genocide' that Israel is waging against Palestinians in Gaza. Both Israel and the US, which provides military support, have strongly denied that accusation.
Israel has faced accusations of genocide at the International Court of Justice and of war crimes at the ICC over its devastating military assault on Gaza. Albanese's position has also been backed by leading genocide scholars and rights organisations.
In a post on X late on Wednesday, Albanese wrote that she stood 'firmly and convincingly on the side of justice, as I have always done,' without directly mentioning the US sanctions. In a text message to Al Jazeera, she was quoted as dismissing the US move as 'mafia style intimidation techniques.'
In recent weeks, Albanese has issued a series of letters, urging other countries to pressure Israel, including through sanctions, to end its deadly bombardment of the Gaza Strip. The Italian national has also been a strong supporter of the international criminal court's indictment of Israeli officials, including the prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, for war crimes. She most recently issued a report naming several US giants among companies aiding what she described as Israel's occupation and war on Gaza.
'Albanese's campaign of political and economic warfare against the United States and Israel will no longer be tolerated,' the secretary of state, Marco Rubio, posted on social media. 'We will always stand by our partners in their right to self-defense.'
Albanese has been the target of criticism from pro-Israel officials and groups in the US and in the Middle East. Last week, the US mission to the UN issued a scathing statement, calling for her removal for 'a years-long pattern of virulent antisemitism and unrelenting anti-Israel bias'.
The statement said that Albanese's allegations of Israel committing genocide or apartheid are 'false and offensive'.
It is the culmination of an extraordinary and sprawling campaign of nearly six months by the Trump administration to quell criticism of Israel's handling of the deadly war in Gaza, which is closing in on two years. Earlier this year, the Trump administration began arresting and deporting faculty and students of American universities who participated in pro-Palestinian demonstrations and other political activities.
Rights experts slammed the US sanctions against Albanese. Dylan Williams, vice-president for government affairs at the Center for International Policy thinktank, labeled them as 'rogue state behavior' while Amnesty International said special rapporteurs must be supported and not sanctioned.
'Governments around the world and all actors who believe in the rule-based order and international law must do everything in their power to mitigate and block the effect of the sanctions against Francesca Albanese and more generally to protect the work and independence of Special Rapporteurs,' Agnes Callamard, Amnesty International's secretary general and a former UN special rapporteur herself, said.
The war between Israel and Hamas began on 7 October 2023, when Hamas-led militants stormed into Israel and killed nearly 1,200 people, mostly civilians, and took 251 people captive. Israel's retaliatory campaign has killed more than 57,000 Palestinians, according to Gaza's health ministry, which says women and children make up most of the dead but does not specify how many were fighters or civilians. The number is widely believed to be a huge underestimate.
Nearly 21 months into the conflict that displaced the vast majority of Gaza's 2.3 million people, it is nearly impossible for the critically wounded to get the care they need, doctors and aid workers say.
'We must stop this genocide, whose short-term goal is completing the ethnic cleansing of Palestine, while also profiteering from the killing machine devised to perform it,' Albanese said in a recent post on X. 'No one is safe until everyone is safe.'
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The Guardian
3 hours ago
- The Guardian
EU risks breaking international law over Israel gas deal, say campaigners
The EU is 'trampling over Palestinian rights' and risks breaching international law, over an energy deal signed with Israel to bring more gas to Europe, a campaign group has said. A report by Global Witness shared exclusively with the Guardian concludes that the EU could be 'complicit in breaches of international law' over a 2022 energy deal linked to gas imports from a pipeline said to traverse Palestinian waters. The NGO has called on the EU to cancel all gas imports linked to the East Mediterranean Gas (EMG) pipeline and terminate the 2022 deal, which was also signed with Egypt. The spotlight on the EU's energy ties with its Middle Eastern ally comes after the European Commission concluded there were 'indications' Israel was in breach of human rights obligations over the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of its war in Gaza and rampant Israeli settler violence in the West Bank. While the EU is facing growing calls to cancel completely or in part its trade and cooperation agreement with Israel, Europe's energy relationship with Israel has attracted little attention, notably a gas deal that appears to have been automatically rolled over last month. The European Commission signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Israel and Egypt in June 2022, with the aim of 'enabling a stable delivery of natural gas to the EU'. It was sealed a few months after Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, as the EU was racing to secure alternative energy suppliers. Global Witness contends that the EMG pipeline, which runs parallel to the Gaza coastline, plays an important role in enabling gas exports to Europe from Egypt. The 56-mile (90km) pipeline transports gas from Ashkelon in Israel to Arish in Egypt, where it is then processed into liquefied natural gas for export, including to Europe. The NGO claims the EMG pipeline runs through Palestinian waters. Its work is guided by a legal opinion drafted pro bono by two barristers at the London-based Garden Court Chambers. Zehrah Hasan, a human rights barrister and co-author of the opinion, told the Guardian: 'Israel unilaterally constructed and operated the pipeline without the consent of the Palestinian authorities, and Palestine hasn't been afforded the opportunity to stipulate any financial, environmental or regulatory conditions. 'So in our view that was another example of how Israel is very likely breaching international law in its continued denial of Palestinian sovereignty. 'There's a very strong basis to contend that the EU is likely in violation of customary international law and EU law by signing and continuing the MoU.' Hasan has a Palestinian flag on her social media profile, but is said to have carried out the work in line with her regulatory duties to act independently. Israel has previously described Palestine's claimed maritime zone as 'legally invalid'. Israel's mission to the EU in Brussels and foreign ministry in Jerusalem did not respond to requests for comment. Nor did Palestine's mission to the EU. Gleider Hernández, a professor of public international law at KU Leuven, who was not involved in the study, told the Guardian that he believed Global Witness 'arrive at what is probably the correct conclusion' about a risk of breaching international law. He cautioned, however, that the analysis relied on Palestine's statehood being established. Irrespective of Palestinian statehood, he pointed to Israel's obligations as an occupying power under the fourth Geneva convention not to exploit the territory purely for its own benefit, ignoring the inhabitants. He said: 'In building a pipeline in the area concerned, Israel is probably committing an unlawful act … And then the question becomes … is the EU breaching one of its obligations vis-à-vis international law by having signed the MoU. And there, I think so … Even though the gas would not be directed to Israeli settlements in the West Bank, it would constitute a sort of toleration of Israel's misuse of its prerogatives as the occupying power.' The law professor also pointed to the landmark opinion from the UN's international court of justice (ICJ) in July 2024 that ordered Israel to end its occupation of Palestinian territories as soon as possible. In that non-binding opinion, the court called on other countries not to recognise the occupation as lawful or assist it. 'Thus the construction of [the pipeline] very well may be a breach of the obligations identified by the court also with respect to third actors such as the EU,' he said. The situation, he added, 'did not become unlawful in 2024', but 'the international court simply recognised the situation of illegality that had been in existence for some time before then'. As to whether the EU should have signed the agreement in 2022, he said: 'I would have said don't do it.' Barry Andrews, an Irish centrist MEP, who chairs the European parliament's development committee, told the Guardian via email: 'Given Israel's persistent illegal occupation of Palestine, the legal warnings of the international court of justice in its advisory opinion issued last year and the ongoing genocide in Gaza, the EU risks being in breach of its international legal obligations by continuing with this energy cooperation.' Sign up to This is Europe The most pressing stories and debates for Europeans – from identity to economics to the environment after newsletter promotion He called for an urgent review of the MoU 'with a view to suspension, reaffirming our commitment to upholding international law and human rights'. Sarah Biermann Becker, a senior investigator at Global Witness, said: 'Since Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the EU has tried to position itself as a defender of human rights, but its continued business with Israel exposes a deplorable double standard.' She accused the EU of 'pursuing a gas deal that tramples over Palestinian rights' and which 'effectively helps bankroll Israel's genocide on Gaza'. The ICJ is considering the charge that Israel has committed genocide, and the UN's special rapporteur on human rights in the occupied Palestinian territories, Francesca Albanese, has used the term since January 2024. The criticism of the energy deal comes before an EU meeting on 15 July when foreign ministers expect an update from the EU's foreign policy chief, Kaja Kallas, on her talks with Israel's government. Kallas said she would talk to her Israeli counterpart about the findings of the unprecedented review of the EU-Israel association agreement. Since the EU found 'indications' of human rights violations, Israel has ramped up its offensive, adding to the death toll that now stands at more than 57,000 people, mostly civilians. The retaliatory war was launched after Hamas militant attacks on 7 October 2023 killed 1,219 people and took 251 hostage. Since then nearly the entire 2.3 million population of Gaza has been displaced and the territory reduced to ruin. The MoU was due to be extended automatically in mid-June this year. The European Commission did not respond to repeated questions about the agreement. Announcing the trilateral deal in June 2022, the European Commission president, Ursula von der Leyen, said she was 'grateful that Israel will increase its supply of energy to the EU'. Israel's then energy minister, Karine Elharrar, hailed the agreement as historic and said it enabled Israel 'for the first time to export Israeli natural gas to Europe'. It was, she said, 'another step towards positioning Israel as a natural gas superpower' and 'a diplomatic lever'. Between 2020 and 2024 nearly 9bn cubic metres of LNG was exported from Egypt to Europe, according to Global Witness analysis of Rystad Energy data. Spain, Italy and France were the top importers of the gas, buying around half, worth $9bn. The campaign group argues that most Israeli gas to Egypt goes via the EMG pipeline, as it is the most direct route with the biggest capacity. While it is not possible to trace the exact molecules from Israel to the EU, Global Witness contends that additional gas from Israel to Egypt enables exports to the EU. The MoU shows an intention, the NGO states, 'to further support and enable the export of Israeli gas to the EU'. Gas flows have continued largely uninterrupted during the massive upsurge in violence. Israel suspended operations at two gas fields supplying Egypt and Jordan last month, hours after launching surprise airstrikes against Iran. Operations were resumed nearly two weeks later.
BBC News
3 hours ago
- BBC News
Putin's friend Gergiev set to conduct as Italy breaks ban on pro-Kremlin artists
Russian conductor Valery Gergiev has been barred from European stages ever since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine.A close ally of Vladimir Putin for many years, the director of the Bolshoi and Mariinsky Russian state theatres has never spoken out against the a region of southern Italy has now invited Gergiev back to Europe, signalling the artist's rehabilitation even as Russia's attacks on Ukraine de Luca, who runs the Campania region, insists that the concert at the Un'Estate da RE festival later this month will go ahead despite a growing swell of criticism."Culture… must not be influenced by politics and political logic," De Luca said in a livestream on Friday. "We do not ask these men to answer for the choices made by politicians."The 76-year-old local leader has previously called Europe's broad veto on pro-Putin artists "a moment of stupidity – a moment of madness" at the start of the war and announced that he was "proud" to welcome Gergiev to town. But Pina Picierno, a vice-president of the European Parliament, has told the BBC that allowing Gergiev's return is "absolutely unacceptable".She calls the star conductor a "cultural mouthpiece for Putin and his crimes".Ukrainian human rights activist and Nobel laureate Oleksandra Matviichuk said the invitation by the regional government was "hypocrisy", rather than opposition activists have also condemned the director's sudden return. The Anti-Corruption Foundation, of the late opposition leader Alexei Navalny, wants his concert cancelled and is calling on Italy's interior ministry to ban Gergiev's entry to the country. Before Russia's full-scale war in Ukraine, the virtuoso Gergiev was a regular visitor to stages in Italy and across Europe, despite his closeness to long and illustrious career includes stints at the London Symphony Orchestra and Munich the invitations to Europe stopped abruptly on 24 February before the first Russian missiles were launched at Ukraine, Gergiev was on stage at Milan's La Scala opera house. Urged then by the city's mayor to speak out against the war, Gergiev chose was promptly dropped from the by his manager, despite calling Gergiev "the greatest conductor alive", he was then fired as chief conductor in Munich and removed from concert schedules across the why the invitation from Italy is so Picierno, who is from the Campania region herself, says her call to stop the event is not Russophobic."There is no shortage of brilliant Russian artists who choose to disassociate themselves from Putin's criminal policies," she told the European MP, who says she has received threats for her work exposing Russia's hybrid warfare, warns that allowing Gergiev to perform would be both wrong and dangerous."This is not about censorship. Gergiev is part of a deliberate Kremlin strategy. He is one of their cultural envoys to soften Western public opinion. This is part of their war." The cultural controversy erupted in a week when Italy was hosting heads of state from all over Europe to reaffirm their support for Ukraine and discuss how to rebuild the country once the war is Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni has been a strong and consistent critic of Vladimir Putin from the start. But her culture ministry is one of the backers of Un'Estate da RE, which has invited Gergiev.A senior MP from Meloni's Brothers of Italy party, Alfredo Antoniozzi, has described Gergiev as "simply a great artist"."If Russians have to pay for the mistakes of their president, then we are committing a kind of cultural genocide," he month, Canada formally barred Gergiev from entry and declared it would freeze any the European Union has shied away from formal sanctions against the conductor, who has avoided voicing open support for the has been a vocal supporter of Putin since the 1990s, later campaigning for his re-election and backing Russia's illegal annexation of Crimea in was handed management of Moscow's Bolshoi Theatre, in addition to the Mariinsky Theatre, taking over from a director who signed an open letter against Russia's is a state employee, but in 2022 an investigation by Alexei Navalny's team uncovered properties in several Italian cities that they say he never declared. They also alleged he used donations to a charitable fund to pay for his own lavish activists argued that was Gergiev's reward for his public loyalty to BBC has so far been unable to reach the conductor for comment.A spokeswoman for the European Commission, Eva Hrncirova, has clarified that the Un'Estate da RE festival is not receiving EU cash: it is financed by Italy's own "cohesion funds".But she added that the commission urged European stages not to give space "to artists who support the war of aggression in Ukraine".In Campania, the artistic director who crafted this year's festival programme declined to comment. A spokesman was confident Gergiev's performance would go ahead, though – despite the controversy."Yes," he assured the BBC. "For sure."Additional reporting from Rome by Davide Ghiglione.
Times
4 hours ago
- Times
The IDF soldiers defying Netanyahu's expulsion zone in Gaza
When the Israeli soldier first entered Gaza, he believed the war was righteous. But with each passing deployment, Avshalom Zohar Sal's missions made less and less sense to him and the war goals grew murkier and murkier. 'What I saw the first time I entered was not what I encountered the second time, nor the third nor the fourth,' he said. 'Every time, Gaza looked different, the mission looked different, and my personal feelings were different.' The step that Sal, 28, then took has put him at the heart of an extraordinary power struggle in Israel. He and two friends, reservists serving in the war, hired lawyers to petition the High Court to rule on whether Israel's actions in Gaza nearly two years after the atrocities of October 7, 2023, had become a violation of international law. The appeal is a 'last resort' for the petitioners, who 'suspect that the leaders of the state and the army are asking them to be partner to a war that has forced displacement, forced transfer and even the expulsion of thousands, millions of citizens at its core'. At the same time Binyamin Netanyahu 's government was drawing up a plan to transfer part of the population of southern Gaza into an enclosed camp containing only vetted civilians. Anyone outside of the 'humanitarian city', which could include up to 600,000 people, would then be considered a terrorist and a potential target of Israeli fire. Two months after the petition was lodged, the office of Lieutenant General Eyal Zamir, the chief of staff, issued his response last weekend, stating that the 'concentration and movement of the population are not part of the objectives of the war, and that the IDF certainly does not force the population to move inside or outside the Gaza Strip'. The refusal marked an unprecedented red line through the defence ministry's blueprint and reportedly led to a heated exchange between Zamir and Netanyahu during a war cabinet meeting. Israel's acknowledged war goals are to destroy Hamas and free the remaining hostages taken on October 7, when about 1,200 people were killed in Israel. 'If the mission is now, expulsion, occupation and Jewish settlement, like they are discussing, then it's an illegal one and I will not do it,' said Sal. 'This will either lead to an unprecedented confrontation between the army and state, the likes of which we've never seen before, or the army will bow and salute the order, and carry out a plan that will harm Israel for generations to come.' Gazans at al-Shifa hospital mourn relatives killed by Israeli bombing on Saturday MAJDI FATHI/NURPHOTO/SHUTTERSTOCK More than 56,000 people have died in the conflict, according to the Hamas-run health ministry and charities say that a large proportion of Gaza's 2.3 million people are at risk of starvation because of Israeli restrictions on food and medicine. A report based on interviews with soldiers by +972 Magazine in Israel said that civilian evacuations in Gaza are sometimes enforced by drones used to bomb civilians to force them to leave their homes or prevent them from returning to evacuated areas. Negotiations are continuing over a 60-day ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, which would allow the release of some of the hostages still held in Gaza. It had been hoped that a deal would be struck last week. • Israel Katz, the defence minister, has said that he planned to use that time to build an encampment for civilians in the largely destroyed city of Rafah, where Israeli troops will remain stationed, one of the sticking points of the deal. It was Katz's earlier offer for Palestinians to 'voluntarily emigrate' with no return date, that persuaded Sal and his friends to submit their petition. The deadline for his ministry to issue a response passed on Thursday. The Israel Defence Forces (IDF) say there is no disagreement between the government and the army. A senior general said that civilians would be moved according to international law the same way they have been moved throughout the war: by issuing evacuation orders to numbered blocks that correspond with certain areas and turning those areas into active combat zones, giving civilians 24-72 hours to clear out or else be considered an active threat. The transfer of the Gazan population is not a war goal, said Brigadier General Oren Solomon, because the war goal is to eliminate Hamas. But the way to do it is to separate the general population from the terrorists by building several camps. 'We don't go against the political directives. We act on them. The debate is over how it will happen, and we know that we can't just make one place. We understand that the humanitarian city can't take the entire population, so we must make a few like that,' Solomon said. ABDALHKEM ABU RIASH/ANADOLU/GETTY IMAGES The pilot plan is to move 600,000 Palestinians in the tent city of Al-Mawasi, a narrow strip of coastal land where thousands of homeless Palestinians reside. Israel says Hamas are hiding among the displaced civilians, and so Al-Mawasi must be cleared out and the civilians checked and moved to the 'sterile' zone with 'tents, water, medical care, food — all without being stolen by Hamas'. The plan has been discussed in the Israeli media, but there has been little reaction from mainstream society, which remains traumatised by October 7. 'The sentiment of the majority of the population are indifferent to the humanitarian situation in Gaza,' said Idit Shafran Gittleman, a former director of the military and society programme at the Israel Democracy Institute. 'Their main thought is, 'Don't give us October 7 again. Do whatever you need to do so we can live here without this fear of October coming again.'' She does not see a scenario where there is mass refusal to serve, nor a situation where the prime minister will sack the new army chief. If the plan is passed through the cabinet, the army must enact it. However, the legal apparatus — including a court ruling against the transfer brought on by Sal's petition — may stop the plan in its tracks. It has come at a personal cost for the educator and reservist, who is about to move in with his girlfriend to a kibbutz on the Gaza border. 'People will see this and call me a traitor from one side, and a Palestinian child killer on the other,' Sal said. 'No one thinks about this situation that I find myself in as an Israeli citizen. I am different from what the government purports to represent, that I possess values rooted in Judaism and Israel that are completely anti-war.'
