logo
Dhaka builds for a wetter future

Dhaka builds for a wetter future

The Guardian7 days ago
With nearly 20% of its landmass expected to be underwater by mid-century, Bangladesh is one of the most climate-vulnerable countries on Earth. But new buildings and public spaces across the capital city of Dhaka are (sometimes literally) rising to meet the challenges of a hotter, wetter future. Brac University's new campus, seen here, opened in central Dhaka in 2024 Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
Coined the 'floating university', Brac sits atop a bio-retention pond, which captures and treats storm runoff Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
The campus's lush lower levels are integrated with surrounded neighborhoods to offer cool public gathering spaces Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
Planted facades and passive design reduce the buildings' cooling needs, with green surfaces adding up to nearly 127% of the site area Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
Solar panels on Brac's upper gardens produce electricity and provide rooftop shade. Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
Designed by the Singapore-based firm Woha, the 13-story campus has received accolades for its regenerative plans Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
The university, first opened in 2001 on another site, has nearly 20,000 students Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
The design firm of local architect Rafiq Azam has designed some 20 climate-resilient parks across Dhaka, such as the Gulshan Society Kids Zone Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
Like Brac University, many of Azam's parks and playgrounds sit atop trenches that collect and store rainwater, which is then filtered and pumped to community taps Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
Gulshan Society Kids Zone Park sits within the larger Gulshan Society Lake Park Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
On the north-western outskirts of Dhaka, the Zebun Nessa mosque offers a cool respite for the area's garment workers Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
Designed by Dhaka-based Studio Morphogenesis, the structures are elevated to deter overflow from monsoons Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
The mosque's perforated walls provide ventilation to keep the building's interior cool. The soft pink color was created by mixing pink pigments into the concrete Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
Greenery, which contrasts with the mosque's industrial surroundings, helps to cool the space and absorb rainwater Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
Wong Mun Summ, lead architect of the new Brac University campus, has said he hopes the building's climate-smart design will be 'replicated and scaled up' in other cities around the globe
Photograph: Anik Rahman/Guardian
Orange background

Try Our AI Features

Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:

Comments

No comments yet...

Related Articles

Mysterious blobs deep inside Earth may fuel deadly volcanic eruptions - with the capability of wiping out life as we know it
Mysterious blobs deep inside Earth may fuel deadly volcanic eruptions - with the capability of wiping out life as we know it

Daily Mail​

time31 minutes ago

  • Daily Mail​

Mysterious blobs deep inside Earth may fuel deadly volcanic eruptions - with the capability of wiping out life as we know it

Explosive volcanic eruptions don't just damage property and cancel flights. They can kill hundreds or even thousands of people, burying them under lethal 'pyroclastic' flows. Now, scientists in Australia have identified a possible cause of gigantic volcanic eruptions – mysterious 'blobs' about 1,200 miles under our feet. Blobs are three-dimensional regions that span the length of continents and stretch 100 times higher than Mount Everest. They sit at the bottom of Earth's rocky mantle above the molten outer core – a place so deep that Earth's elements are squeezed beyond recognition. And they're a starting point for plumes of hot molten rock which flow upwards towards the Earth's surface. There they erupt as lava, gases and rock fragments – with the capability of wiping out life as we know it. The authors warn that giant, large-scale eruptions can have serious impacts, such as sudden climate change and mass extinction events. Volcanic eruptions can intensify global warming by adding greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. Giant volcanoes also triggered events that led to the largest mass dying on Earth, the Permian-Triassic extinction 252 million years ago. 'These blobs have possibly existed for hundreds of millions of years,' say the researchers from the University of Wollongong near Sydney. Earth is made up of three layers – the crust, the mantle and the core, which was recently separated into 'inner' and 'outer'. According to the team, blobs are at the bottom of Earth's mantle, about 1,200 miles and 1,800 miles (2,000km and 3,000km) below our feet. The mantle, the planet's thickest layer, is predominantly a solid rock – but blobs may be different compared with the surrounding mantle rocks. Blobs are made of rock just like the rest of the mantle, but they're thought to be hotter and heavier. For their study, the team used computer modeling to simulate 'mantle convection' – the movement of material in Earth's mantle powered by heat – over one billion years. Blobs, which are some 1,200 miles below Earth's surface, move over time and are connected to Earth's surface by 'mantle plumes' that create giant eruptions How do scientists know about Earth's interior? No one can see inside the Earth, nor can drill deep enough to take rock samples from the mantle, the layer between Earth's core and crust. So geophysicists use indirect methods to see what's going on deep beneath our feet. For example, they use seismograms, or earthquake recordings, to determine the speed at which earthquake waves propagate. They then use this information to calculate the internal structure of the Earth - similar to how doctors use ultrasound to see inside the body. Their findings suggest that mantle plumes – columns of hot molten rock in the mantle – rise up from the continent-sized blobs. Mantle plumes are shaped a bit like a lollipop sticking upwards – with the 'stick' the plume tail and the 'candy' nearer Earth's surface the plume head. The researchers found that locations of volcanic eruption fall either onto (or close to) the location of blobs, as predicted by their models. This suggests that blobs – an acronym standing for Big LOwer-mantle Basal Structures – are essentially the deep-Earth origin of volcanic eruptions. Typically, deep Earth motions are in the order of 0.4-inch (1 cm) per year, so they only become significant over tens of millions of years. Blobs probably shift in a year at roughly the rate at which human hair grows each month, the team say. Although they have possibly existed for hundreds of millions of years, it's unclear what causes their movement. Mantle plumes rise very slowly from blobs through the mantle because they transport hot solid rock, not melt or lava. Cotopaxi, one of the highest active volcano in the world, stands at 19,347 feet (5,897 metres). Historically, its activity started in 1534 when the Spanish conquistadors began to venture into the territories that are now Ecuador At lower pressures in the uppermost 125 miles (200 km) of Earth's mantle, the solid rock melts, leading to volcanic eruptions. 'We used statistics to show that the locations of past giant volcanic eruptions are significantly related to the mantle plumes predicted by our models,' explain the authors in a piece for The Conversation. 'This is encouraging, as it suggests that the simulations predict mantle plumes in places and at times generally consistent with the geologic record.' The new findings, published in Communications Earth and Environment, suggest that the deep Earth is even more dynamic than we realised. Future research aims to explore the chemical nature of blobs, which might be possible with simulations that track the evolution of their composition. HOW CAN RESEARCHERS PREDICT VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS? According to Eric Dunham, an associate professor of Stanford University's School of Earth, energy and Environmental Sciences, 'Volcanoes are complicated and there is currently no universally applicable means of predicting eruption. In all likelihood, there never will be.' However, there are indicators of increased volcanic activity, which researchers can use to help predict volcanic eruptions. Researchers can track indicators such as: Volcanic infrasound: When the lava lake rises up in the crater of an open vent volcano, a sign of a potential eruption, the pitch or frequency of the sounds generated by the magma tends to increase. Seismic activity: Ahead of an eruption, seismic activity in the form of small earthquakes and tremors almost always increases as magma moves through the volcano's 'plumbing system'. Gas emissions: As magma nears the surface and pressure decreases, gases escape. Sulfur dioxide is one of the main components of volcanic gases, and increasing amounts of it are a sign of increasing amounts of magma near the surface of a volcano. Ground deformation: Changes to a volcano's ground surface (volcano deformation) appear as swelling, sinking, or cracking, which can be caused by magma, gas, or other fluids (usually water) moving underground or by movements in the Earth's crust due to motion along fault lines. Swelling of a volcano cans signal that magma has accumulated near the surface.

Shubhanshu Shukla: First Indian astronaut to go to ISS set to return
Shubhanshu Shukla: First Indian astronaut to go to ISS set to return

BBC News

timean hour ago

  • BBC News

Shubhanshu Shukla: First Indian astronaut to go to ISS set to return

Astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla, who created history by becoming the first Indian ever to set foot on the International Space Station (ISS), is on his way Axiom-4 (Ax-4) mission is set to undock from the orbiting laboratory with its four-member crew on Monday and expected to splash down in just under 24 hours. Led by former Nasa veteran Peggy Whitson and piloted by Group Captain Shukla, Ax-4 had arrived at ISS on 26 June. Its crew included Slawosz Uznanski-Wisniewski from Poland and Tibor Kapu from Captain Shukla is only the second Indian to have gone to space. His trip came 41 years after cosmonaut Rakesh Sharma flew aboard a Russian Soyuz in 1984. Ax-4 - a commercial flight operated by Houston-based private firm Axiom Space - is a collaboration between Nasa, India's space agency Isro, European Space Agency (Esa) and SpaceX. On Monday, ISS posted on X that the Ax-4 crew had taken their places in the spacecraft, its hatches had been closed and it was preparing to undock from the station at 07:05 ET (11:05 GMT; 16:35 India time).Indian Science Minister Jitendra Singh has said the craft's splash down is scheduled for 15 July at approximately 15:00 India time (09:30 GMT).In his farewell address from aboard the ISS on Sunday, the Indian astronaut said India's journey in space exploration may be tough, but it has begun."It has been an incredible journey. Even though now it is coming to an end, for you and me there is a long way to go. The journey of our human space mission is very long and difficult. But if we are determined, even the stars are attainable."He referred to India's first man in space cosmonaut Rakesh Sharma famously quoting from a 1924 Urdu song "Sare jahan se achcha" to say "India looked better than the rest of the world"."Even today we want to know how it looks from space. I'll tell you. From space, today's India looks ambitious. It looks fearless. It looks confident. It looks proud. And so, I can once again say that today's India still looks better than the rest of the world," Group Captain Shukla said. Ax-4, which was originally expected to spend two weeks on the ISS, ended up staying a few days longer. During their stay, Axiom Space said the crew conducted 60 scientific experiments, including seven designed by Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro).Isro, which had paid 5bn rupees ($59m; £43m) to secure a seat for Group Captain Shukla on Ax-4 and his training, has said the hands-on experience he gains during his trip to the ISS will help India in its human space has announced plans to launch Gaganyaan - the country's first-ever human space flight in 2027 - and has ambitious plans to set up a space station by 2035 and send an astronaut to the Moon by Captain Shukla is among four Indian air force officers shortlisted last year to travel on on 10 October 1985 in the northern city of Lucknow, Group Captain Shukla joined the air force as a fighter pilot in has flown MiGs, Sukhois, Dorniers, Jaguars and Hawks and has more than 2,000 hours of flying flying into space, Group Captain Shukla described the past year as "nothing short of transformative"."It has been an amazing journey so far, but the best is yet to come," he said. "As I go into space, I carry not just instruments and equipment, I carry hopes and dreams of a billion hearts. I request all Indians to pray for the success of our mission," he had said. Follow BBC News India on Instagram, YouTube, Twitter and Facebook

Magnitude 6.7 earthquake strikes Indonesia's Tanimbar Islands region, geophysics agency says
Magnitude 6.7 earthquake strikes Indonesia's Tanimbar Islands region, geophysics agency says

Reuters

time2 hours ago

  • Reuters

Magnitude 6.7 earthquake strikes Indonesia's Tanimbar Islands region, geophysics agency says

July 14 (Reuters) - An earthquake of magnitude 6.7 struck off the coast of Indonesia's Tanimbar Islands region on Monday, the country's geophysics agency said, adding there was no tsunami potential. The quake was at a depth of 98 km (60.89 miles), the agency said. The German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) reported that the quake was of 6.8 magnitude and at a depth of 10 km (6.21 miles). Tremors were felt in several small towns in eastern Indonesia, the agency said. There was no immediate reports of damage, said Indonesia's disaster mitigation agency. Indonesia straddles the so-called Pacific Ring of Fire, a highly seismically active zone, where different plates on the Earth's crust meet and create a large number of earthquakes and volcanic activity.

DOWNLOAD THE APP

Get Started Now: Download the App

Ready to dive into a world of global content with local flavor? Download Daily8 app today from your preferred app store and start exploring.
app-storeplay-store