
Venezuela to probe El Salvador's Bukele for ‘torture' of US deportees
Venezuelan Attorney General Tarek William Saab made the announcement in Caracas on Monday, as he presented photos and testimonies of some of the men, who said they were beaten, sexually abused and fed rotten food while inside a notorious El Salvador prison.
Others were denied medical care or treated without anaesthesia, Saab said, urging the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the UN Human Rights Council to act.
The Venezuelans were sent to El Salvador from the US in March, after US President Donald Trump invoked the 1798 Alien Enemies Act to deport alleged members of the Tren de Aragua gang without due process.
The deportations drew fierce criticism from human rights groups and a legal battle with the Trump administration. Family members and lawyers of many of the men deny they had gang ties.
Prisoner swap
The former detainees arrived near Caracas on Friday following their release in El Salvador, in exchange for 10 US citizens and political prisoners held in Venezuela.
Saab said the prosecutor's office was interviewing the returned migrants. Some of the former detainees have since reunited with their families, but they have not yet returned to their own homes.
Several had bruises on their bodies, marks of being shot with rubber bullets, and one had a split lip.
Andry Hernandez Romero, a 32-year-old beautician among those sent to El Salvador, said he barely survived the ordeal.
'We were going through torture, physical aggressions, psychological aggressions,' he said in a video presented by Saab. 'I was sexually abused.'
Others spoke of being held in 'inhuman cells', deprived of sunlight and ventilation, and given rotten food and unsafe drinking water while in the El Salvador prison.
The men had no access to lawyers or their relatives, and the last time many of them were seen was when Bukele's government issued photos of them arriving at the prison shackled and with their heads shorn.
Apart from Bukele, Venezuela will investigate El Salvador's Justice Minister Gustavo Villatoro and Head of Prisons Osiris Luna Meza, Saab said.
Bukele's office did not immediately respond to a request for comment from the media. Late on Monday, Bukele posted about the return on social media but did not comment on the abuse allegations.
'The Maduro regime was satisfied with the swap deal; that's why they accepted it,' he said on X. 'Now they scream their outrage, not because they disagree with the deal but because they just realised they ran out of hostages from the most powerful country in the world.'
President Nicolas Maduro, on his TV show on Monday, claimed Bukele had tried 'last minute' to prevent the migrants from leaving.
'You could not stop the first plane, but for the second plane he put some car on the runway … to provoke either an accident or prevent them from leaving,' he said.
Venezuelan opposition leader Maria Corina Machado labelled the process as an 'exchange of prisoners of war' during a television interview on Monday.
Venezuela itself faces an investigation by the ICC in The Hague, with similar allegations of torturing prisoners and denying them access to legal representation of political prisoners.
Hashtags

Try Our AI Features
Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:
Comments
No comments yet...
Related Articles


Al Jazeera
18 hours ago
- Al Jazeera
Two friends, one war and the RSF's reign of terror in Khartoum
In Shambat al-Aradi, a tight-knit neighbourhood in Khartoum North once known for its vibrant community gatherings and spirited music festivals, two childhood friends have suffered through confinement and injustice at the hands of one of Sudan's warring sides. Khalid al-Sadiq, a 43-year-old family doctor, and one of his best friends, a 40-year-old musician who once lit up the stage of the nearby Khedr Bashir Theatre, were inseparable before the war. But when the civil war broke out in April 2023 and fighting tore through their city, both men, born and raised near that beloved theatre, were swept into a campaign of arbitrary arrests conducted by the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF). The friends were detained separately and tortured in different ways, but their experiences nonetheless mirrored one another – until they emerged, physically altered, emotionally broken and forever bound by survival. Al-Sadiq's ordeal began in August 2023 when RSF forces raided Shambat and arbitrarily arrested him and countless other men. He was crowded into a bathroom in a house that the RSF had looted along with seven other people and was kept there for days. 'We were only let out to eat, then forced back in,' he explained. During his first days of interrogation, al-Sadiq was tortured repeatedly by the RSF to pressure him for a ransom. They crushed his fingers, one at a time, using pliers. At one point, to scare him, they fired at the ground near him, sending shrapnel flying into his abdomen and causing heavy bleeding. After three days, the men were lined up by their captors. 'They tried to negotiate with us, demanding 3 million Sudanese pounds [about $1,000] per person,' al-Sadiq recalled. Three men were released after handing over everything they had, including a rickshaw and all their cash. Al-Sadiq and the other remaining prisoners were moved to a smaller cell – an even more cramped toilet tucked beneath a staircase. 'There was no ventilation. There were insects everywhere,' he said. They had to alternate sleeping – two could just about lie down while two stood. A few kilometres away, al-Sadiq's friend, the musician, who asked to remain anonymous, had also been arrested and held at the Paratrooper Military Camp in Khartoum North, which the RSF captured in the first months of the war with Sudan's military. That would not be the only time the musician was taken because the RSF had been told that his family were distantly related to former President Omar al-Bashir. 'They said I'm a 'remnant of the regime' because of that relation to him even though I was never part of the regime. I was against it,' he said, adding that he had protested against al-Bashir. Months into the war, his family's Shambat home was raided by the RSF and his younger brother was shot in the leg. To keep everybody safe, the musician quickly evacuated his family to Umm al-Qura in Gezira state, then went home to collect their belongings. That was when he was arrested. During his time at the military camp, he told Al Jazeera, the RSF fighters would tie him and other prisoners up and lay them facedown on the ground in the yard. Then they would beat them with a 'sout al-anag' whip, a Sudanese leather whip traditionally made of hippo skin. The flogging lasted a long time, he added, and it was not an isolated incident. It happened to him several times. In interrogations, RSF personnel fixated on his alleged affiliation with al-Bashir, branding him with slurs like 'Koz', meaning a political Islamist remnant of al-Bashir's regime, and subjecting him to verbal and physical abuse. He was held for about a month, then released to return to a home that had been looted. He would be detained at least five more times. 'Most of the detentions were based on people informing on each other, sometimes for personal benefit, sometimes under torture,' al-Sadiq said. 'RSF commanders even brag about having a list of Bashir regime or SAF [Sudan armed forces] supporters for every area.' While he was held by the RSF, the musician told Al Jazeera, he and others were forced to perform manual labour that the fighters did not want to do. 'They used to take us out in the morning to dig graves,' he said. 'I dug over 30 graves myself.' The graves were around the detention camp and seemed to be for the prisoners who died from torture, illness or starvation. While he could not estimate how many people were buried in those pits, he described the site where he was forced to dig, saying it already had many pits that had been used before. Meanwhile, al-Sadiq was blindfolded, bound and bundled into a van and taken to an RSF detention facility in the al-Riyadh neighbourhood. The compound had five zones: a mosque repurposed into a prison, a section for women, an area holding army soldiers captured in battle, another for those who surrendered and an underground chamber called 'Guantanamo' – the site of systematic torture. Al-Sadiq tried to help the people he was imprisoned with, treating them with whatever they could scavenge and appealing to the RSF to take the dangerously sick prisoners to a hospital. But the RSF usually ignored the pleas, and al-Sadiq still remembers one patient, Saber, whom the fighters kept shackled even as his health faded fast. 'I kept asking that he be transferred to a hospital,' al-Sadiq said. 'He died.' Some prisoners did receive treatment, though, and the RSF kept a group of imprisoned doctors in a separate room furnished with beds and medical equipment. There, they were told to treat injured RSF fighters or prisoners the RSF wanted to keep alive, either to keep torturing them for information or because they thought they could get big ransoms for them. Al-Sadiq chose not to go with the other doctors and decided to cooperate less with the RSF, keeping to himself and staying with the other prisoners. Conditions were inhumane in the cell he chose to remain in. 'The total water we received daily – for drinking, ablution, everything – was six small cups,' al-Sadiq said, adding that food was scarce and 'insects, rats and lice lived with us. I lost 35kg [77lb].' Their captors did give him some medical supplies, however, when they needed him to treat someone, and they were a lifeline for everyone around him. The prisoners were so desperate that he sometimes shared IV glucose drips he got from the RSF so detainees could drink them for some hydration. The only other sources of food were the small 'payments' of sugar, milk or dates that the RSF would give to prisoners who they forced to do manual labour like loading or unloading trucks. Al-Sadiq did not speak of having been forced to dig graves for fellow prisoners or of having heard of other prisoners doing that. For the musician, however, graves became a constant reality, even during the periods when he was able to go back home to Shambat. He helped bury about 20 neighbours who died either from crossfire or starvation and had to be buried anywhere but in the cemeteries. The RSF blocked access to the cemeteries without explaining why to the people who wanted to lay their loved ones to rest. In fact at first, the RSF prohibited all burials, then relented and allowed some burials as long as they were not in the cemeteries. So the musician and others would dig graves for people in Shambat Stadium's Rabta Field and near the Khedr Bashir Theatre. He said many people who were afraid to leave their homes at all ended up burying their loved ones in their yards or in any nearby plots they could furtively access. The friends' ordeals lasted into the winter when al-Sadiq found himself released and the RSF stopped coming around to arrest the musician. Neither man knows why. Both al-Sadiq and the musician told Al Jazeera they remain haunted by what they endured. The torment, they said, didn't end with their release; it followed them, embedding itself in their thoughts, a shadow they fear will darken the rest of their lives. On March 26, the SAF announced it had recaptured Khartoum. Now, the two men have returned to their neighbourhood, where they feel a greater sense of safety. Having been detained and tortured by the RSF, they believe they're unlikely to be viewed by the SAF as collaborators – offering them, at least, a fragile sense of safety.


Al Jazeera
2 days ago
- Al Jazeera
Palestinian lives are 'not seen as equivalent' to others
Palestinian lives are "not seen as equivalent" to others Quotable Video Duration 01 minutes 06 seconds 01:06 Video Duration 01 minutes 20 seconds 01:20 Video Duration 01 minutes 12 seconds 01:12 Video Duration 01 minutes 10 seconds 01:10 Video Duration 01 minutes 21 seconds 01:21 Video Duration 01 minutes 39 seconds 01:39 Video Duration 01 minutes 07 seconds 01:07


Al Jazeera
3 days ago
- Al Jazeera
Is Trump using Africa as a ‘dumping ground' for criminals?
Activists and human rights groups have accused United States President Donald Trump of using African countries as a 'dumping ground' for criminals he wants to deport after five men were deported from the US to the tiny kingdom of Eswatini. On July 16, a deportation flight carrying five men from Vietnam, Jamaica, Laos, Cuba and Yemen, all of whom have been convicted of crimes in the US, landed in Eswatini, the last African country governed by a monarch with absolute power. The deportations were part of Trump's 'third country' plan to deport people whose own countries are unwilling to take them back. Eswatini is the second African nation that the US has deported criminals to. Also this month, Washington said it had sent eight 'uniquely barbaric monsters' to conflict-torn South Sudan. Last month, the US Supreme Court allowed the deportations of foreign nationals to unrelated third countries. Since then, international rights groups and civil society groups from African nations have raised alarms of human rights abuses. 'The US government sees us as a criminal dumpsite and undermines Emaswati [the people of Eswatini],' Wandile Dludlu, a pro-democracy activist and deputy president of the country's largest opposition movement, the People's United Democratic Movement (PUDEMO), told Al Jazeera. As a political party, PUDEMO is a banned organisation in Eswatini. So is Trump planning to use African nations as a 'dumping ground' for deportees? Who are the five men Trump deported to Eswatini? This month, Tricia McLaughlin, US Department of Homeland Security assistant secretary, said the deportation flight to Eswatini had taken away 'individuals so uniquely barbaric that their home countries refused to take them back'. 'These depraved monsters have been terrorizing American communities but thanks to [Trump] they are off of American soil,' she wrote in a post on X. NEW: a safe third country deportation flight to Eswatini in Southern Africa has landed— This flight took individuals so uniquely barbaric that their home countries refused to take them back. These depraved monsters have been terrorizing American communities but thanks to @POTUS… — Tricia McLaughlin (@TriciaOhio) July 16, 2025 Without sharing their names, McLaughlin confirmed the five were nationals from Vietnam, Jamaica, Laos, Cuba and Yemen. She said all were convicted criminals – including for offences of child rape, murder, robbery, gang ties and homicides – and had been given prison sentences as long as 25 years. What agreement has the Trump administration made with Eswatini? Trump rode to victory in last year's presidential election on the back of a campaign with mass deportations as its centrepiece. Since then, the Trump administration has been negotiating a third-country deportation agreement with several nations, including Eswatini, which will allow it to deport foreign nationals convicted of serious crimes who have been rejected by their home countries. While the exact terms remain classified, the agreement between Eswatini and the US reportedly emerged after 'months of robust high-level engagements', the kingdom's acting spokesperson, Thabile Mdluli, said. Mdluli also said the kingdom would collaborate with the White House and the International Organization for Migration (IOM) 'to facilitate the transit of these inmates to their countries of origin'. However, 'there are no timelines at present' for their repatriation, she told CNN in an interview. Daniel Akech, a senior analyst for South Sudan at the International Crisis Group, told Al Jazeera that some African governments are agreeing to receive convicted deportees as a 'goodwill gesture, aiming to improve US ties and be in [Trump's] good books'. But he said they have also 'implicitly dismissed human rights concerns and the lack of transparency on how third nationals' safety is ensured'. Akech said the African Union and the United Nations could partner with receiving countries to monitor the process of US deportations 'to ensure that the deportees are protected and their living conditions are good'. 'The areas where these deportees stay could face conflicts, and this would require plans on how to ensure their safety or safe transfer within the country or outside,' Akech said. What do we know about Eswatini? The mountainous Southern African kingdom is a tiny landlocked nation bordering South Africa and Mozambique and is one of a handful of countries that are still absolute monarchies with absolute power residing with the king, currently King Mswati III. Under British colonial rule, which ended in 1968, the country was known as Swaziland. It was renamed by the king in 2018. Mswati has ruled Eswatini since 1986 when he turned 18, succeeding his father, Sobhuza II, who died in 1982. Now aged 57, Mswati has been criticised for suppressing political dissent. The World Bank said more than half of Eswatini's 1.2 million people live on less than $4 a day. The king is reported to have 11 wives, and his wealth is estimated at $200m to $500m, according to an Associated Press report. Eswatini's economy is dominated by agriculture and small-scale manufacturing as well as its sugar sector, which accounts for a substantial share of its export revenues. The country is one of Africa's largest sugar producers, exporting roughly $477m of sugar and sugar-related products in 2023 – about 23 percent of its total exports. What do people in Eswatini think about Trump's deportation plan? Regional leaders and activists said there is a good deal of anger about it. Dludlu described the 'dumping' of convicted criminals as 'distasteful and fraudulent conduct by His Majesty and his government in the face of the unprecedented public healthcare crisis' in the country. 'This is attracting indignation from Emaswati for naked abuse of their sovereignty and territorial integrity as a nation and people,' Dludlu told Al Jazeera. He said PUDEMO and its supporters demand that the government and the US 'reverse this absurd and illegal yet irrational decision to take criminals from the US when other nations seek fair trade, quality education and other meaningful exchanges'. Dludlu further noted that the incoming deportees will only add to the 'overcrowded prison facilities that are poorly run [in] dilapidated and outdated infrastructure'. Figures show that prisons in Eswatini operate at more than 170 percent of their capacity. Civil society groups – including the Southern Africa Litigation Centre, the Swaziland Rural Women's Assembly and other regional NGOs – have threatened legal proceedings against the Eswatini government over its acceptance of the five convicted criminals. They argued that the detentions violate Eswatini's own Correctional Services Act and other domestic laws and said there is no lawful basis for imprisoning foreign nationals who lack legal ties to the country. Chris Ogunmodede, a foreign affairs analyst familiar with African diplomatic circles, said there are several questions hovering over the agreement made with the Trump administration. These range from the legal justification used to authorise the deportees' transfers, whether the men were informed and given consular access, the duration of their detentions and the terms of the arrangement with the US. He added that Eswatini and South Sudan are 'smaller economies with no geopolitical weight' on which White House officials could easily 'impose their will'. What does the Eswatini government say? In a public statement, Mdluli said the government assured the people of the kingdom that the arrival of five third-country deportees from the US 'poses no security threat to the Nation'. It stated that the five prisoners would be housed in correctional facilities within isolated units 'where similar offenders are kept'. Addressing the bilateral discussions with the White House, she said the 'engagements considered every avenue, including rigorous risk assessments and careful consideration for the safety and security of citizens'. Which other African nations does Trump hope to negotiate deportation deals with? In addition to Eswatini and South Sudan, Trump has discussed third-country deportation deals with the leaders of Liberia, Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania and Gabon during a summit at the White House this month. Trump reportedly discussed migration, including the need for countries to accept the return of their nationals who do not have the right to stay in the US and the possibility of accepting deported citizens of third countries. Tom Homan, Trump's border tsar, said the Trump administration hoped to forge deals with 'many countries' to accept deported migrants. 'If there is a significant public threat or national security threat, there's one thing for sure: They're not walking the streets of this country. We'll find a third, safe nation to send them to, and we're doing it,' he said. Rwanda has confirmed it is in talks with the Trump administration for a similar deal while Nigeria said it had rejected pressure to make an agreement. Which other countries have considered a third-country deportation policy? United Kingdom The UK has explored third-country deportation policies as part of its efforts to manage irregular migration and asylum claims. Under the previous Conservative government, the UK partnered with Rwanda in 2022 and planned to relocate asylum seekers to Rwanda for processing with the UK committing 370 million pounds ($497m) in development funding over five years in exchange. The plan was first struck down by the UK Supreme Court in November 2023 for violating international human rights norms, given Rwanda's inadequate asylum system and human rights concerns. In response, the government enacted the Safety of Rwanda (Asylum and Immigration) Act 2024, which declared Rwanda a 'safe country' and limited legal challenges to the policy. After the Labour Party's victory in the July 2024 elections, Prime Minister Keir Starmer swiftly terminated the Rwanda scheme. However, in May, Starmer said he was talking to 'a number of countries' about 'return hubs', where undocumented immigrants could be sent. Israel Similarly, Israel implemented a third-country deportation arrangement targeting African asylum seekers by sending them to countries like Rwanda and Uganda from 2013 to 2018. The government offered $3,500 per person to those agreeing to leave. In 2018, however, Israel's Supreme Court in effect dismantled the policy, ruling it unlawful in part due to the receiving countries' failure to guarantee protections and uphold international obligations under the Refugee Convention. Ogunmodede said the UK's and Israel's deals with African nations amounted to the 'outsourcing of the migration problem'. He added that now, the US under the Trump administration is 'using a carrot and stick approach to getting countries around the world to comply with the things that they want'.