Key warning signs of heart disease you shouldn't ignore
NEW YORK, June 1: Heart disease affects about 127.9 million Americans aged 20 and older, making it the leading cause of death in the United States. Thanks to ongoing research, prevention, early detection, and treatment of heart disease are improving. However, symptoms aren't always obvious. To help identify potential warning signs, six doctors shared eight key indicators that warrant a consultation with a cardiologist.
1. Chest pain or discomfort: Chest pain is one of the most well-known signs of heart problems. It may feel like pressure, tightness, heaviness, or burning, and sometimes spreads to the arm, neck, jaw, or back. While not all chest pain is related to the heart, ignoring it can be risky, says Dr. Blen Tesfu. Dr. Cheng-Han Chen adds that chest pain might signal a serious heart condition requiring urgent care. Early evaluation can prevent worsening symptoms and potentially save lives.
2. Shortness of breath: Feeling short of breath during everyday activities like climbing stairs or carrying groceries may indicate more than just poor fitness. Dr. Tesfu explains that shortness of breath can suggest the heart isn't pumping enough blood, possibly due to congestive heart failure or valve disease. If this symptom appears suddenly or worsens, it's important to see a cardiologist for evaluation.
3. Irregular heartbeat or palpitations: Rapid or irregular heartbeats, especially during exertion, can point to significant heart issues. Dr. Sheharyar Ali notes that occasional palpitations are usually harmless, but frequent or prolonged episodes might indicate arrhythmias, which increase risks of stroke or cardiac arrest if untreated, according to Dr. Tesfu.
4. Swelling in legs or ankles: Swelling in the feet or legs can occur when the heart struggles to pump blood efficiently, causing fluid to accumulate — a condition called edema. Temporary swelling from heat, injury, or prolonged sitting is usually harmless. However, persistent swelling in both legs, especially with symptoms like shortness of breath or fatigue, should be medically assessed, says Dr. Chen.
5. High blood pressure: High blood pressure forces the heart to work harder and may quietly damage the heart and vessels over time, raising the risk of heart failure. Dr. Michael Ross MacDonald emphasizes that high blood pressure often shows no symptoms but causes serious harm. Those with high blood pressure, diabetes, or high cholesterol should have regular heart evaluations, according to Dr. Sergiu Darabant. Blood pressure checks should be part of yearly health exams.
6. Unexplained lightheadedness or fatigue: Dizziness, lightheadedness, or persistent fatigue might signal heart problems. Dr. Ali explains these symptoms can result from insufficient blood flow to the brain due to blocked heart arteries. Dr. Asim Cheema adds that symptoms like brain fog, when combined with low blood pressure or fatigue, warrant heart function assessment.
7. Existing health conditions: Multiple health issues, known as comorbidities, can increase heart disease risk. Conditions such as kidney disease, sleep apnea, COPD, atrial fibrillation, peripheral artery disease, and obesity raise the likelihood of heart problems. Dr. Darabant highlights the importance of cardiology evaluations for people with these conditions.
8. Family history of heart disease: A family history of heart disease is a strong risk factor. Dr. MacDonald advises caution for those with relatives who have had heart conditions, even if they currently feel healthy. Dr. Darabant stresses that inherited factors combined with unhealthy lifestyle habits can significantly impact heart health, making prevention and regular check-ups essential.
When to see a healthcare provider: If you experience any of these symptoms, it's important to consult a healthcare professional, preferably a cardiologist. Dr. Cheema points out that subtle signs often go unnoticed but can be critical clues to heart disease. Regular check-ups with your doctor can help detect issues early and improve outcomes.
Heart disease symptoms can be subtle and sometimes silent. Dr. Tesfu advises anyone experiencing these signs—or those at higher risk due to age, lifestyle, or family history—to seek cardiology care. Early attention can be lifesaving.
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