logo
St. Petersburg child agency requires foster parents to prove they haven't ‘changed their sex' — Novaya Gazeta Europe

St. Petersburg child agency requires foster parents to prove they haven't ‘changed their sex' — Novaya Gazeta Europe

Children of the Russian Youth Army salute the Eternal Flame monument during Russia Day celebrations in Moscow, Russia, 12 June 2025. Photo: EPA-EFE/SERGEY ILNITSKY
Child protection services in St. Petersburg now require individuals seeking to adopt or arrange custody over children to certify that they have not ever 'changed their sex', investigative media outlet IStories reported on Friday, citing prospective foster parents and employees from the organisation.
According to IStories, St. Petersburg guardianship offices began to require such certification in 2024, despite national legislation not listing it as an official requirement for adoption.
In July 2023, the Russian State Duma passed a widely criticised 'sex change' law, which bans gender-affirming surgery, forbids transgender people from changing their gender in official documents and prevents them from adopting children.
One woman who applied for guardianship of a child in summer 2024 told IStories that she was asked by the agency to obtain a birth certificate from the civil registry office to 'prove' her sex and gender.
'The guardianship officer told me, 'We're embarrassed ourselves to ask for a certificate that you haven't changed gender. We even ask elderly people who are applying for guardianship over incapacitated children'', she said.
'Their explanation was that they'd get in trouble if they accepted the documents without this certificate. I found it ridiculous … I have given birth to five children. What doubts could there possibly be in my case?' she added.
Lawyers interviewed by IStories say that child protection services cannot legitimately require potential foster parents to provide such information, as it is not an official requirement for Russian citizens residing in the country, according to federal law.
Though the 2023 anti-trans law does prohibit transgender people from adopting children, only foreign, stateless, or Russian individuals that permanently live abroad are legally obligated to sign a document testifying that they have never undergone a 'sex change' when seeking to become foster parents, the lawyers told IStories.
Orange background

Try Our AI Features

Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:

Comments

No comments yet...

Related Articles

Hybrid storm over the North: Russia's grey zone offensive in the Nordic region
Hybrid storm over the North: Russia's grey zone offensive in the Nordic region

Balkan Insight

time6 hours ago

  • Balkan Insight

Hybrid storm over the North: Russia's grey zone offensive in the Nordic region

August 15, 2025 - Maksym Beznosiuk - Articles and Commentary Sign warning of a underwater cable in Gothenburg. Photo: Trygve Finkelsen / Shutterstock Over the last decade, the Kremlin has elevated its hybrid warfare arsenal to a new level. From cyberattacks and disinformation to sabotage and social media manipulation, the Kremlin first mastered these tools in Ukraine. This then led to campaigns across Eastern Europe, the Balkans, and Southern Europe following the full-scale invasion of the country. While many analysts focus on the front lines and the Kremlin's hybrid tactics in Eastern Europe, the Nordic region is often overlooked, even though it sits near critical Arctic infrastructure and has faced a rising wave of hybrid threats. Its vulnerability to Russian hybrid warfare, which operates below the threshold of conventional military application and response, remains a significant concern. There has been a substantial increase in the Kremlin's hybrid warfare application in the Nordic and Arctic regions since 2022. Many reports have appeared shedding light on allegedly widespread Russian GPS jamming and spoofing in Sweden, Estonia and Finland, sometimes causing aviation disruptions and endangering civil navigation. Simultaneously, there is an increasing number of incidents in which undersea fibre cables and pipelines have been damaged in the Baltic Sea area, frequently under suspicious circumstances and involving Kremlin-linked or obscurely flagged sea vessels. Since 2022, there have been numerous cases of optical and surveillance cable cuts in the Nordics, showcasing how the Kremlin is systematically testing the Nordics' resolve through hybrid tactics. The Kremlin's hybrid warfare activities in the Nordic maritime space demonstrate a clear pattern of leveraging state-affiliated but deniable actors and exploiting legal grey zones. At the same time, the Kremlin pursues a policy of deniability while inflicting constant disruption in the Nordic region. There is still room for both the EU and NATO to close the gaps the Kremlin continues to exploit in the area. Subsea sabotage and strategic ambiguity There has been an increase in hybrid warfare incidents involving pipelines in the Arctic and Baltic seas. In January 2022, just weeks before the Russian full-scale invasion of Ukraine, a fibre optic cable connecting Svalbard to mainland Norway was severed, with suspicion falling on nearby Russian trawlers operating in the area. This was followed by numerous other disruptions in 2023 and 2024, with eleven publicly recorded incidents of cable damage across the Nordics. For instance, in early October 2023, an explosion at the Balticconnector gas pipeline, which connects Finland and Estonia, resulted in a rupture and shutdown. This incident has been linked to Russian sabotage as 'retribution' for Finland joining NATO in April 2023. Many of these incidents are linked to 'shadow fleet' tankers or obscurely registered commercial vessels. This year, the Swedish coast guard intercepted a Bulgarian ship after fibre optic cables between Sweden and Latvia were damaged, suspecting the Kremlin's involvement in the sabotage of such undersea links in the Baltic Sea. These vessels often belong to the Kremlin's post-sanctions energy smuggling fleet, which serves a dual purpose: continuing fossil fuel exports and operating below the threshold to challenge NATO's ability to monitor maritime security in the Nordics. In one case this year, a suspicious Russian-affiliated ship was detained and later released due to a lack of proof by the Norwegian police on suspicion of being involved in causing 'serious damage' to a fibre cable in the Baltic Sea between Latvia and Sweden. These deniable and deliberate hybrid tactics exploit loopholes in the Law of the Sea beyond its intended scope, exposing critical security gaps and posing challenges to maritime security in the Nordics. GPS jamming and electronic warfare The Kremlin has actively applied electronic warfare to target civil and military infrastructure in the Nordic-Baltic region. Only in 2024 alone, nearly all airlines flying over the Baltic states reported repeated GPS failures, especially over eastern Estonia and southern Finland. These disruptions have led to multiple flight diversions and cancellations. For instance, in May 2024, Estonia even summoned the Russian embassy in response, but the Kremlin denied involvement, showcasing its hybrid playbook of plausible deniability. Russia has previously employed GPS spoofing and signal jamming in operational theatres such as Syria and Crimea to obstruct both civilian and military navigation systems. Their continuous application across NATO's Northern Flank, affecting commercial flights over Finland, Sweden and Estonia since 2022, demonstrates a more assertive hybrid strategy during peacetime. The goal is not only to disrupt civilian aviation but also to test NATO's deterrence posture in ways that avoid triggering direct escalation. Kremlin exploits legal loopholes in the sea The Kremlin increasingly exploits legal grey zone ships under third-country flags to evade sanctions or inspection while operating in contested waters. These ships, often part of the Kremlin's post-sanctions shadow fleet, move freely under the protections granted by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which guarantees freedom of navigation and obliges coastal states to offer safe harbour to vessels in distress. This legal loophole allows Russian-linked vessels to transit Nordic and Baltic waters while posing security risks. For instance, Norway had to grant safe harbour to a damaged ship carrying ammonium nitrate, despite public concern over its potentially explosive cargo and Russian origin. EU and Nordic countries are now exploring legal changes to address this loophole, including mandating verifiable insurance, tightening environmental inspections, and applying counter-piracy provisions to protect undersea infrastructure. Disinformation and digital manipulation in the Nordics Alongside maritime sabotage and electronic warfare, the Kremlin continues to deploy disinformation campaigns aimed at weakening political cohesion in the Nordics. Sweden has been a primary target, with hybrid influence operations ranging from Cold War-era forgeries to recent smear campaigns and the digital manipulation of NATO-associated narratives. These efforts regularly exploit polarizing themes such as migration, military alignment with NATO, and social unrest to undermine public trust in government. In 2025, Nordic fact-checkers uncovered how Russian 'Pravda' propaganda sites have infiltrated major AI chatbots, leading systems like ChatGPT, Gemini, and Copilot to reference or link to Kremlin-associated sources in Swedish, Danish, Finnish, and Norwegian. This technique, known as 'LLM grooming' seeks to inject pro-Russian narratives into AI-generated content by manipulating both training data and live search results sources. Despite EU bans on Russia Today and similar pro-Kremlin outlets, new Pravda sites continue to circumvent restrictions and reach Nordic audiences via automated article duplication, SEO optimization and machine translation. The Kremlin's growing ability to shape public discourse via AI tools adds a new layer to its hybrid playbook in the region. While the Baltic countries are deeply aware of the hybrid threats, other countries in the North are not used to the level and complexity of the Kremlin's hybrid warfare playbook, especially its disinformation toolkit. A call to action The NATO-led 'Baltic Sentry' maritime monitoring programme, launched in 2025, is a step in the right direction to contain the Kremlin's efforts to undermine security in the Nordic region. It sends patrol ships and aircraft to track suspicious vessels in real time, aiming to prevent acts of sabotage. However, deterrence alone is not sufficient and proactive and coordinated measures are more urgently needed. Both the EU and NATO must adopt more precise red lines and develop shared legal instruments to prosecute undersea sabotage, enforce maritime insurance compliance, and impose penalties for hybrid operations even in cases of incomplete or circumstantial evidence. The Nordics must also strengthen civil-military coordination and establish coordination mechanisms to tackle Russian disinformation campaigns and influence operations in the region. At the same time, Nordic states should work on ensuring seamlessness in surveillance, attribution, and communication between ports, coast guards and intelligence services. Most importantly, NATO must be willing to support the Nordics in countering Russia's intensifying hybrid operations in the region, which continue to exploit legal ambiguity and capability shortfalls with clear precision. Maksym Beznosiuk is a strategic policy expert and director of UAinFocus, an independent platform connecting Ukrainian and international experts around key issues in the country. His work spans EU–Ukraine cooperation, energy and raw materials policy, governance in conflict-affected regions, and the security-policy nexus. He holds an LL.M. in Global Environment and Climate Change Law from the University of Edinburgh, a Double Master's in European Studies (Euroculture) from Uppsala and Jagiellonian universities, and Bachelor's and Specialist degrees in International Law and International Relations from Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University. New Eastern Europe is a reader supported publication. Please support us and help us reach our goal of $10,000! We are nearly there. Donate by clicking on the button below. Baltic Sea, Eastern flank, hybrid threats, infrastructure, Nordic countries, Northern Europe, Scandinavia, sea cables, shadow fleet

Senior Putin aide names Russian negotiating team ahead of Alaska summit — Novaya Gazeta Europe
Senior Putin aide names Russian negotiating team ahead of Alaska summit — Novaya Gazeta Europe

Novaya Gazeta Europe

timea day ago

  • Novaya Gazeta Europe

Senior Putin aide names Russian negotiating team ahead of Alaska summit — Novaya Gazeta Europe

As well as a one-on-one meeting between Vladimir Putin and US President Donald Trump at their planned summit in Alaska on Friday, senior Putin aide Yury Ushakov has told journalists that a five-strong delegation from each side would meet after the two leaders' talks had ended to continue negotiations, Russian state news agency TASS reported on Thursday. According to Ushakov, Putin and Trump are due to sit down together at 11:30am local time (7:30pm UTC) on Friday at Elmendorf Air Force Base in Anchorage before being joined by their respective five-strong delegations. The five senior officials on the Russian delegation are Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, Defence Minister Andrey Belousov, Finance Minister Anton Siluanov, the head of the Russian Direct Investment Fund Kirill Dmitriev and Ushakov himself. The composition of the US delegation has not yet been announced. The delegations are due to continue their discussion over a joint working breakfast, Ushakov added, after which Putin and Trump are expected to hold a joint press conference. Though Ushakov described the main topic of the talks as 'the settlement of the Ukrainian crisis,' he added that the Russian and US delegations had also agreed to touch upon bilateral economic cooperation and global security issues. Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov told journalists on Thursday that in preparation for the Alaska summit, Putin had held a meeting with members of Russia's top leadership as well as key figures in the government and the Presidential Administration. After the meeting, Putin praised the Trump administration for making what he called 'sincere efforts' to end the Ukraine 'conflict', according to Reuters, and suggested that the summit could also lead to a new deal on nuclear arms control between the two countries.

At least 13 injured in Ukrainian drone strike on residential building in southern Russia — Novaya Gazeta Europe
At least 13 injured in Ukrainian drone strike on residential building in southern Russia — Novaya Gazeta Europe

Novaya Gazeta Europe

timea day ago

  • Novaya Gazeta Europe

At least 13 injured in Ukrainian drone strike on residential building in southern Russia — Novaya Gazeta Europe

Damage to windows and balconies caused by a Ukrainian drone strike on the southern Russian city of Rostov-on-Don, 14 August 2025. Photo: Baza At least 13 people were injured in the southern Russian city of Rostov-on-Don following a Ukrainian drone strike on Thursday, the Rostov region's acting governor, Yury Slyusar, has announced. A video posted by Telegram channel ASTRA shows the drone flying over the city and striking a multi-storey apartment building, causing an explosion on Thursday morning. Windows were smashed and balconies were damaged in at least 10 nearby buildings, Slyusar wrote, adding that a total of 212 people have been evacuated and placed in temporary accommodation centres. No fatalities have so far been reported. According to Telegram channel Baza, local residents received an emergency alert on their phones about a minute after the drone struck the building. Elsewhere in Russia, three people were injured in a Ukrainian drone strike on Belgorod, a city in western Russia close to the Ukrainian border, on Thursday morning, Belgorod Governor Vyacheslav Gladkov announced. The Armed Forces of Ukraine have not commented on either strike, though the Russian Defence Ministry said in its morning briefing on Thursday that the Russian military shot down eight Ukrainian drones over the Belgorod and Kursk regions on Thursday morning, but made no mention of the attack on Rostov-on-Don. Ukraine has escalated its drone strikes on targets within Russia over the past several months, leading the Russian authorities to impose frequent communications shutdowns on vulnerable border areas in an attempt to thwart the growing number of attacks, though in some cases, the shutdowns have also undermined attempts to warn locals of incoming drone strikes. The regional authorities in Rostov-on-Don have repeatedly cut off cell service in the region over the summer, with some residents complaining on Wednesday of being unable to access messengers and banking apps for nearly two days.

DOWNLOAD THE APP

Get Started Now: Download the App

Ready to dive into a world of global content with local flavor? Download Daily8 app today from your preferred app store and start exploring.
app-storeplay-store