د هالنډ ائتلافي حکومت ولې وپاشل شو؟ – DW – ۱۴۰۴/۳/۱۳
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2 hours ago
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Burundi votes in election with opposition sidelined – DW – 06/05/2025
Burundi is heading to the polls in a tightly controlled vote expected to favor the ruling party. The opposition has been blocked as the country faces deepening economic crisis. Voters in Burundi went to the polls to vote for a new parliament on Thursday, with the outcome almost predetermined after the main opposition was effectively blocked from competing. The ruling National Council for the Defense of Democracy (CNDD-FDD) party, led by President Evariste Ndayishimiye, faces little electoral threat after a series of moves neutralized its primary rival, the National Freedom Council (CNL). What do we know about the Burundi election? The CNL, which placed second in the 2020 election amid alleged widespread fraud, was suspended in 2023 by the Interior Ministry over alleged "irregularities" in how it held meetings. Later that year, while party leader Agathon Rwasa was abroad, the CNL ousted him in a move widely seen as orchestrated by the government. He was replaced by Nestor Girukwishaka — a former minister and executive at a state-owned company with close ties to the ruling party — prompting accusations of a government-backed internal coup. Rwasa and his allies have since been barred from joining other opposition groups or standing as independents, effectively shutting them out of Thursday's vote. One Burundian political analyst, speaking anonymouslyto the AFP news agency because of security fears, told the CNDD-FDD was leaving nothing to chance amid "a very deep socio-economic crisis." Burundi: Students boost food security with AI To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video Burundi, a former German colony, faces poverty and economic crisis The country, already one of the poorest in the world, is grappling with widespread shortages, soaring inflation—reportedly exceeding 40% monthly—and rising public anger. Burundi, a former German colony, has a long history of ethnic conflict, civil war, and authoritarian rule. Thursday's vote, observers say, will likely reinforce the ruling party's grip on power as it faces mounting internal pressure over economic mismanagement and political repression. Edited by: Elizabeth Schumacher
DW
2 hours ago
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How the fragile US-China trade truce is unraveling – DW – 06/05/2025
Donald Trump has accused Beijing of breaching last month's deal to cut steep tit-for-tat tariffs. Could a much-awaited call between the US and Chinese presidents break the deadlock? The world exhaled when the United States and China unveiled a 90-day tariff truce last month, pausing the escalating trade war between the globe's largest and second-largest economies, which had rattled businesses and investors. The deal, after tense negotiations in Geneva, slashed US tariffs on Chinese imports from 145% to 30% and China's retaliatory levies on US goods from 125% to 10%. Just three weeks later, however, US President Donald Trump reignited tensions, saying that China had "totally violated" the truce deal, without providing further details. Trump later said his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jinping, was "extremely hard to make a deal with." China swiftly countered, asserting that Washington had imposed "discriminatory and restrictive measures" since the Geneva talks, pointing to US curbs on chip design software and warnings about artificial intelligence (AI) chips produced by Chinese tech giant Huawei. Deal stalled over US access to rare earths US policymakers have voiced frustration at China's stalling on export license approvals for rare earths and other elements needed in the high-tech, defense, and clean energy sectors. China, which dominates global rare-earth production with over two-thirds of supply and 90% of processing capacity, has imposed export restrictions on several key minerals. The US, lacking domestic rare-earth processing capacity, remains highly vulnerable to Beijing's restrictions. Confusion remains over what was agreed on rare earths in Geneva. In an interview with news agency Bloomberg on Wednesday, Cory Combs, head of critical-mineral supply chain research at Trivium China, said Washington believed that Beijing would "completely remove the requirement of an approval [for export licenses]," which Beijing said it did not agree to. Michael Hart, AmCham China president, told the Financial Times on Monday that China has now stepped up approvals to ship rare earths to several US carmakers, noting how "only a handful" of officials are handling thousands of applications. Trump's economic philosophy: A real plan or simply chaos? To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video Penny Naas, a distinguished fellow at the US-based German Marshal Fund think tank, thinks the rare earths are "China's biggest card," telling DW that "a key part of the negotiation will be when and how they liberalize the trade in those products." Naas expressed little surprise at the renewed war of words between Washington and Beijing, noting that, "You often see these highs and lows and even near-death experiences before deals are reached." But with the clock ticking until August 12 — when the 90-day pause expires — and both sides accusing the other of violations, the prospects for a lasting ceasefire and a long-term deal remain uncertain. Trump uses tariffs for maximum leverage Beyond securing access to China's rare minerals, the US seeks to cut its trade deficit with China, which was $295 billion (€259 billion) in 2024 — up nearly 6% on the previous year. The Trump administration has urged Beijing to boost purchases of American goods and eliminate non-tariff barriers, such as anti-monopoly probes targeting US companies and the designation of certain American firms as "unreliable entities." Washington has also demanded further economic reforms and an end to the manipulation of the Chinese yuan, which is kept artificially low to help boost exports. In April, when Trump announced his unprecedented tariffs, the yuan hit a 20-month low of 7.2038 against the dollar and is expected to weaken further if the higher US levies are reinstated. Trump has also pressed China to strengthen efforts to curb illegal immigration and halt exports of precursor chemicals used to produce fentanyl, an opioid fueling a public health crisis in the US. Will Trump-Xi call break the impasse? With US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent acknowledging last week that negotiations have "stalled," all eyes are on whether a call between Trump and Xi will break the tariff deadlock. The US president has said for months that the two leaders were due to speak and even spoke of traveling to China for talks, without a public response from Beijing. US President Donald Trump said his Chinese counterpart is 'extremely hard' to make a deal with Image: Francis Chung/Imago The White House said Monday that a Trump-Xi call was "likely" to take place this week, a development that Antonio Fatas, an economics professor at INSEAD business school, said the US president would see as "his victory." "Trump's typically the one who calls people and tells them what to do," Fatas told DW. "But with a powerful player like China, that's not going to work. I wouldn't be surprised if China postpones the call." Although Trump will get the chance to talk to other world leaders on the sidelines of the upcoming G7 and NATO summits, the US and Chinese presidents aren't likely to meet in person until later in the year, signaling a protracted tussle that could last several more months. Tariff court battle plays into China's hands Another boon to China could be the lack of clarity over Trump's unprecedented tariffs after a US trade court last week ruled they were illegal. Although a higher court temporarily reinstated the levies, the White House has threatened to go to the Supreme Court for the ultimate ruling. "There may be a hesitancy to go all in on an offer at this moment when there's a large lack of clarity about the US position," the German Marshall Fund's Naas told DW. INSEAD's Fatas, meanwhile, predicted that the truce would be extended beyond the 90 days, adding: "Until I see the possibility of a real compromise on both sides, I'll remain very cautious and uncertainty remains incredibly high." Tariffs distract from US-China tech battle Both the Trump and Biden administrations have prioritized maintaining the US's technological edge over China, but there are growing concerns that the tariff policies are diverting resources and focus from US firms' ability to achieve this goal. Investor nervousness that the tariffs could cause a US recession has intensified. The tariffs have already increased costs and strained budgets for American tech firms, limiting their capacity to invest in research and development (R&D) at a critical time. With tariffs consuming significant attention among US policymakers, initiatives to bolster domestic innovation risk being sidelined. NVIDIA profits up, despite trade war challenges To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video Beijing, meanwhile, has doubled down on the need to reduce its dependence on US technology. Through substantial state subsidies, China has advanced its capabilities in AI, quantum computing, advanced chip production, and 6G telecommunications, narrowing the technological gap with the US. Naas thinks that China has now caught up on "most of the technological advantage the US thought it had" and that US companies say they're "falling behind while spending all their time on reorienting their supply chains." "Is that the best use of their time when we're in hand-to-hand combat on the future of technology?" she asks. Edited by: Uwe Hessler
DW
3 hours ago
- DW
How Europe is planning to cope with drought – DW – 06/04/2025
As crucial waterways run low and Europe's farmers worry about their crops, the European Union is trying to come up with a strategy to keep the water flowing. Water scarcity is a fact of life in Malta. The island in the middle of the Mediterranean, between Italy and North Africa, has no lakes or rivers and doesn't get much rainfall. And with a hot, dry climate, a population of 563,000 — and more than six times that in yearly tourist visits — every drop counts. "We have lived forever without enough water," said Thomas Bajada, a marine biologist and recently elected member of the European Parliament. But, he told DW, that scarcity has forced his country to innovate. Today, around two-thirds of its drinking water comes from the sea, desalinated water that's blended with a minimal supply of groundwater. Investment in other technical solutions — smart water meters, leakage management, wastewater reuse — also helps keep the taps from running dry. For now, at least. Farmers in Cyprus struggle with water shortages To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video One-fifth of Europe already under water stress But as temperatures rise and weather patterns become increasingly unreliable due to climate change, Malta's water challenges are expected to spread. With many European cities and regions still relying on outdated water management practices, around one-fifth of the continent already faces water stress every year, the European Environment Agency (EEA) reported. It noted that Europe is anticipating water demand to double by 2050, leading to severe water shortages in the future. "Europe is at the forefront of a growing water crisis — one that threatens industry, agriculture, ecosystems and citizens' access to water," said Loic Charpentier, advocacy head at industry body Water Europe, which promotes water technology. Extreme heat and prolonged periods of drought, once rare in Europe, are becoming a yearly problem in many regions. Multiple heat waves in 2024 shattered temperature records, with Central and Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean region suffering the most from heat stress and shrinking water reserves, according to data from the EU's Copernicus Climate Change Service. The first-ever European Climate Risk Assessment, released by the European Environment Agency in March 2024, stressed that these new weather extremes were already severely disrupting ecosystems, agriculture and economic activity, human health and water supplies. Drought and extreme heat could also "exacerbate existing risks and crises … leading to water and food insecurity, disruptions of critical infrastructure, and threats to financial markets and stability." Water scarcity leaded to 'rising conflicts' "No one sees what is coming when we speak about water, both water pollution and water scarcity," said Athenais Georges of the European Water Movement advocacy group. "It's a huge environmental and social justice issue, because if you have scarce water, you have rising conflicts. [We've seen] that already in other regions in the world." In 2012, the European Water Movement spearheaded the Right2Water campaign, signed by more than 1.6 million EU citizens, which called on the European Commission to make sure water remains a public service and "ensure that all inhabitants enjoy the right to water." The Drinking Water Directive, the EU's main law on drinking water, was revised following the campaign and entered into force in 2021. It obliges EU member countries to "improve access to safe drinking water" for all citizens. And yet, EEA data shows that some 30% of EU citizens still suffer water scarcity every year. Can a new EU water strategy fix this? The European Commission is due to finally present its Water Resilience Strategy in early June, after taking it off the agenda ahead of the 2024 EU elections in the wake of farmer protests and right-wing criticism of the EU's ambitious climate plans. The strategy is expected to focus heavily on efficiency, water reuse and technological fixes — especially in sectors that rely on water, like industry and agriculture. "We want to address the root causes of water challenges, including pollution, scarcity and the impact of climate change," said Jessika Roswall, the EU commissioner for the environment and water resilience, speaking at the European Parliament in early May. She also highlighted plans to "foster the competitive edge of our EU water industry." Lawmakers called on the EU Commission to be "ambitious" in its update to the current water management and climate adaptation strategy, which Bajada called "scattered, sectoral and unreactive". "That means moving from promises to real, binding action. We cannot afford to treat water as infinite. That is why this report calls for enforceable water efficiency and abstraction targets — sector by sector, basin by basin," said Bajada, the report's rapporteur. He acknowledged that while water management is a national issue, enshrined in the EU treaty, member states also need to understand that it is a responsibility shared across borders. Solutions: Modernize infrastructure, boost efficiency EU lawmakers said the Commission must prioritize dedicated funding for water resilience — money to modernize water infrastructure, set up nature-based solutions and use artificial intelligence and other emerging technologies to boost efficiency, monitoring and security. "We need money to directly invest in innovation, to directly invest in a smarter way of water management, in industry, in agriculture," Bajada, of the center-left Socialists and Democrats group, told DW. "Let's invest through public-private partnerships, using the [European Investment Bank] to scale up investment, but also a direct line in the upcoming [EU] budget." Can desalination solve the global water crisis? To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video "Drought and climate adaptation are only part of the larger puzzle," Charpentier, of Water Europe, said in an email, emphasizing the need to develop new infrastructure and expand digitalization. "Europe must stimulate investments across sectors — from citizens and businesses to local and regional authorities." Restoring water by 'giving space back to nature' Environmental campaigners, however, are disappointed in what they said were successful efforts by conservative and far-right lawmakers to dilute the role of nature-based solutions, saying it set a "worrying precedent" ahead of the release of the Commission's strategy. They have called out the move to weaken nature restoration and conservation goals, along with measures to address water pollution. "We cannot tackle a continent increasingly depleted of clean water or repair broken water cycles without working with nature," said the Living Rivers Europe NGO coalition in a statement. "Nature-based solutions, such as restoring wetlands and removing barriers obstructing rivers, are far more cost-effective, straightforward, and environmentally sustainable than grey infrastructure and techno-fixes." How sponge cities cut flooding and retain vital rainwater To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video "You cannot comply with environmental, social and ethical objectives when you are profit-driven," said Georges of the European Water Movement, which campaigns against the privatization of water services. She told DW that new, modern infrastructure like desalination plants and dams were energy intensive to build and operate, and require costly maintenance. By contrast, she said, an approach that helped to retain more water in the soil and replenish depleted groundwater reserves — for example, by using permeable surfaces in cities, or giving more space to rivers and streams — was more sustainable in the long run. "If you take a look at both [types of] solutions, what's easier, what's the most cost efficient?" said Georges. "It's just giving space back to nature." Edited by: Sarah Steffen
