New Alzheimer's drug approved in Australia
Andy Park: A new drug promising to treat the early stages of Alzheimer's disease has been approved for use in Australia, the first of its kind in nearly 25 years. Donanemab , sold under the brand name Kisunla, is a medication which can potentially slow the progress of the disease and maintains a patient's independence. However, there have been some concerns about the drug's effectiveness overseas and its high cost, as Kimberley Price reports.
Kimberley Price: It starts with forgotten names and missed appointments, but eventually takes away your ability to carry out even simple tasks. More than 400,000 Australians live with dementia, with Alzheimer's disease the most common type. For two decades, there has been little progress in treating it. But today, a new drug has arrived which may change that.
Michael Woodward: This is a significant breakthrough. It's the first time we have a disease-modifying drug for Alzheimer's disease.
Kimberley Price: That's Associate Professor Michael Woodward, head of dementia research at the Memory Clinic at Austin Health in Melbourne. The drug he's talking about is Denanimab, a medicine which clears away amyloid plaques, the molecules which are believed to cause the symptoms of Alzheimer's.
Michael Woodward: So it means that people will deteriorate more slowly because the amyloid sets off a process that causes the symptoms of forgetfulness and loss of our ability to look after ourselves. So if we use this drug, particularly in the earlier stages of Alzheimer's disease, we can't completely cure the disease, but we can slow it down substantially.
Kimberley Price: Donanemab has some major limitations. It can cause swelling or bleeding in the brain, which can be life-threatening. And those taking the drug require regular MRI scans to monitor for side effects. It's also only approved for use in patients in the early stages of Alzheimer's who are dealing with initial memory loss and mood changes.
Michael Woodward: It's not approved for moderate or severe dementia due to Alzheimer's disease because unfortunately by then the amyloid has done too much damage. We need to remove the amyloid and stop the other cascade of Alzheimer's pathology at an early stage if possible and that's where this drug has been approved.
Kimberley Price: Sydney-based geriatrician Professor Peter Gonski believes Donanemab needs to be used as part of a larger treatment plan.
Peter Gonski: We do have to see the patient as a person and we need to treat them looking at a whole lot of different strategies in trying to improve their lives and continue their good quality life as long as possible. And I think that this is a very important addition to our treatment plan.
Kimberley Price: And while the drug has limitations, Professor Gonski says it's an important new tool.
Peter Gonski: We have not really had medication development for 25 to 30 years and although we have had some medications that have slowed down the progression of the condition, sometimes even improved people in the early stages, they really haven't changed the actual underlying pathology that occurs in Alzheimer's disease. They've basically changed the chemicals in the brain.
Kimberley Price: While Donanemab has been approved by the TGA for use in Australia, it's currently not covered by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. While no price has been listed, in the US the drug costs the equivalent of $47,000 Australian dollars per year.
Andy Park: That report by Kimberley Price and Luke Radford.
Hashtags
Try Our AI Features
Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:
Comments
No comments yet...
Related Articles
ABC News
39 minutes ago
- ABC News
Warning issued as Irukandji jellyfish sting two swimmers in northern WA
Swimmers in northern Western Australia have been being urged to take precautions after two people were stung by Irukandj jellyfish on Monday. The sting of the jellyfish can cause severe pain, nausea and breathing difficulties. Two people were admitted to hospital after swimming in the Ningaloo Marine Park. They have since been discharged. Griffith University PhD candidate Jess Strickland said two types of Irukandji were found in the Ningaloo region. "Keesingia gigas is the world's largest species of Irukandji and they can get to over 50 centimetres long," she said. "They sort of look like a giant rocket-ship. "The more common species we get is called Mallo bella. "It's a lot smaller — it's your typical sort of Irukandji jellyfish shape, so a small bell about the size of the tip of your thumb, and four tentacles, one coming off each corner." Ms Strickland said encounters were most likely during the dry season. "They're most commonly sighted from March onwards and we're seeing them through into August occasionally," she said. Ms Strickland said the best way to prevent stings was by wearing clothing that covered as much of the skin as possible, such as a lycra swimsuit. "They don't actually have a brain, so they're not consciously choosing to sting someone," she said. "It's a trigger that happens automatically when the jellyfish would brush up against someone." Ms Strickland said Irukandji delivered venom via a "sort of microscopic, harpoon-like structure". "People are at risk of being stung if bare skin brushes up against them," she said. A Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions spokesperson urged visitors to "remain vigilant while enjoying the marine park." "Wearing stinger suits or rash shirts can help reduce the risk of being stung," they said. The spokesperson said any sightings should be reported immediately to Parks and Wildlife authorities. The WA Country Health Service and WA Department of Health declined to comment.
ABC News
4 hours ago
- ABC News
Monash IVF admits to new embryo bungle
Monash IVF clinic has incorrectly transferred an embryo into a patient for a second time, four months after it was discovered a woman gave birth to another couple's baby. ( ABC News )
ABC News
5 hours ago
- ABC News
Mailbag: More complexity in prostate cancer testing
Norman Swan: So let's go to the mailbag now. Preeya Alexander: Yes, so I was not here, I was off gallivanting last week, but you've done a story… Norman Swan: Feel free to criticise what we did. We wouldn't have been so crap if you'd been there. Preeya Alexander: That's not at all what I was suggesting. Norman Swan: Olivia was fantastic… Preeya Alexander: She's always fantastic. Norman Swan: So a GP has written in about our story on prostate cancer diagnosis and screening, although we didn't use that word. We had Jeremy Grummet on the show talking about the guidelines, because he took umbrage, because…this did involve you, because when you and I were talking about these guidelines that came out when they first came out, I was quite forceful in saying that the PSA blood test was crap. And Jeremy, who's been on the Health Report several times before, took umbrage at this and saying it's not crap with the new guidelines. So anyway, he came on to talk about the prostate cancer guidelines and to correct my image that the PSA was crap. And this GP who's written in says, 'I found Jeremy's comments to be the untypical, unrealistic comments that urban centric, non-GP specialists are prone to make.' And our correspondent is in fact a general practitioner. So he says, 'It takes a few seconds to tick the PSA request on a form, and that's the easy bit. The Herculean task is then to obtain access to a urologist and a prostate magnetic resonance imaging machine for a rural or regional patient. And let's not forget city dwellers without private insurance who are facing exactly the same problem.' Preeya Alexander: That's the thing. The blood test, the PSA, is often the easy part, I have to agree with this, and I work in a metropolitan region, but often it's the next steps, it's what do you do with the result, how likely is it to actually cause a problem, and how does the patient access the ongoing either urology input or scanning that they need, because it can be very costly. Norman Swan: And to be fair to Jeremy, he did talk about this disparity between city and country and this evidence. And Paul also writes in, 'I know this is anecdote, and I've no idea if it's evidence based,' but when he was a GP…we've obviously got more GPs listening to the program now that you're on because they want to check you out here, whether you're sullying the profession. 'I've had a few isolated patients with an extremely low PSA (in other words, under one) which slowly rose to be around about four.' And just to put this in perspective, I don't know if you know this, Preeya, but the original studies that were done I think it was at Stanford University by a urologist there, on PSA, he was suggesting you had a high risk of cancer at a PSA of 25. Preeya Alexander: I remember you saying this when we did the show several weeks ago… Norman Swan: And it's crept down. And what Paul's talking about is that this change in PSAs are really important, even at a low level. Preeya Alexander: Paul's saying the idea of having a baseline, perhaps. But I have to say, are you potentially detecting cancers which were never going to cause any problems? Because that's the whole debate with prostate cancer, isn't it; you might detect cancers that someone might live with and die with the cancer, as opposed to die of it. And so this attaining a baseline and routine testing, gosh, it's filled with conundrums, and you need to have a big chat to the patient beforehand. Norman Swan: And some people can have prostate cancer with a normal PSA. But what Jeremy would say, if I was channelling Jeremy Grummet here, is that that's what MRI is for, is to sort this out for you. And if there's nothing much there, then you can relax. Preeya Alexander: But it's not always easy to access, either the MRI or the urologist. As we've just said, it's a little bit of a conundrum I think still. Norman Swan: It is. Preeya Alexander: Yep, but we love hearing from you. So if you want to write in with any topic suggestions or comments or questions, it's healthreport@ Norman Swan: And you don't have to be a GP to write in. Preeya Alexander: No, you don't, please, ideally everybody, all community dwellers. Norman Swan: And don't forget our companion podcast, What's That Rash? , and this week we're going to be talking about concurrent workout regimes. Should you combine cardio with strength exercises? Interesting question, I'm sure it's dominated your life for a long time. Tune in to What's That Rash? to find out. We'll see you next week. Preeya Alexander: We will.
