
ຜູ້ຍິງສອງຄົນ ໄດ້ທັບມ້າງ ກຳແພງກັ້ນທາງເພດ ເພື່ອສ້າງອາຊີບຕ່າງໆ ໃຫ້ແກ່ບັນດາແມ່ຍິງ
ບົດລາຍງານຂອງອົງການສົນທະນາເສດຖະກິດໂລກ ຫຼື World Economic Forum ທີ່ກ່າວວ່າ ຄົງຈະໃຊ້ເວລາປະມານ 130 ປີ ເພື່ອໃຫ້ໂລກບັນລຸເຖິງຄວາມເທົ່າທຽມທາງເພດຢ່າງສົມບູນ ເຊິ່ງບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງ ແລະຊາຍ ປະກອບສ່ວນເຂົ້າໃນທຸກມິດຕິຂອງຊີວິດ ເທົ່າໆກັນ. ໃນລັດໂຄໂລຣາໂດ ສວິຕລານາ ປຣິສຕີນສກາ ມີເລື້ອງລາວຂອງຜູ້ຍິງສອງຄົນທີ່ໄດ້ທຳການບຸກເບີກກ່ຽວກັບຄວາມສະເໝີພາບ.
ການດຳລົງຊີວິດໂດຍປາສະຈາກຄວາມຢ້ານກົວ ແລະເຮັດສິ່ງທີ່ເຈົ້າມັກນັ້ນ ແມ່ນວິທີທີ່ນາງ ເມີຍນາ ອາຍຊາວ (Mirna Ayshoa) ນັກວິທະຍາສາດ ຊາວອີຣັກ ແລະເປັນນັກດົນຕີໃນເວລາຫວ່າງ ໄດ້ອະທິບາຍເຖິງຊີວິດການເປັນຢູ່ຂອງລາວ ໃນອາເມຣິກາ.
ນາງ ອາຍຊາວ ກ່າວວ່າ 'ສະຖານະການສຳລັບຜູ້ຍິງໃນອີຣັກ ແມ່ນມີຄວາມແຕກຕ່າງກັນຫຼາຍກັບຢູ່ໃນສະຫະລັດ.'
ນາງ ເມີຍນາ ອາຍຊາວ ໄດ້ເຂົ້າມາໃນສະຫະລັດ ເມື່ອປີ 2015 ຕອນອາຍຸ 22 ປີ ຫຼັງຈາກໄດ້ສຳເລັດການສຶກສາລະດັບປະລິນຍາຕີ ໃນອີຣັກ. ນາງຍັງໄດ້ຮຽນຈົບຈາກມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລລັດໂຄໂລຣາໂດ ໃນປີ 2017 ດ້ວຍປະລິນຍາເອກໃນສາຂາຊີວະພາບດ້ານແຊລ ແລະໂມເລກຸນ. ໃນທີ່ສຸດນາງໄດ້ເຂົ້າຝຶກງານໃນຖານະເປັນຜູ້ຊ່ຽວຊານດ້ານເຄື່ອງມືຂອງຫ້ອງທົດລອງ, ແລ້ວດຳເນີນການທົດສອບຕ່າງໆ ເພື່ອຢັ້ງຢືນປະສິດທິພາບ ແລະຄຸນນະພາບຂອງອຸປະກອນທາງການແພດ ແລະເຄື່ອງມືອື່ນໆທັງຫຼາຍ.
ພາຍຫຼັງສຳເລັດການຝຶກງານແລ້ວ ນາງໄດ້ເລີ້ມເຮັດວຽກເປັນນັກຊ່ຽວຊານໃນດ້ານດັ່ງກ່າວ.
ນາງ ເມຍນາ ອາຍຊາວ ນັກວິທະຍາສາດ ກ່າວວ່າ 'ຂ້ອຍມັກເທັກໂລຈີແທ້ໆເລີຍ ແລະຂ້ອຍບໍ່ເຫັນຜູ້ຍິງເຮັດວຽກປະເພດນີ້ຫຼາຍປານໃດ.'
ໃນສະຫະລັດ ນາງຍັງໄດ້ພົບອິດສະຫຼະພາບໃນການຕີກອງຢ່າງເປັນມືອາຊີບນຳດ້ວຍ, ຍັງໄດ້ທຳການສະແດງໃນງານຄອນເສີດ ແລະງານບຸນຕ່າງໆ, ເຊິ່ງເປັນສິ່ງທີ່ນາງກ່າວວ່າ ຈະບໍ່ອາດເປັນໄປໄດ້ຢູ່ທີ່ບ້ານເກີດຂອງນາງ.
ນາງ ອາຍຊາວ ກ່າວວ່າ 'ລອງຈິນຕາການເບິ່ງວ່າ ນັກຕີກອງໂລຫະຄືຂ້ອຍ ຢູ່ໃນ ອີຣັກ. ເຂົາເຈົ້າຈະເຊື່ອມໂຍງຂ້ອຍກັບຄວາມເຊື່ອຖືບາງຢ່າງ.'
ວັນທີ 8 ມີນານີ້ ເປັນວັນຂອງຜູ້ຍິງສາກົນ ຫຼື International Women's Day, ເຊິ່ງເປັນວັນເພື່ອການສະເຫຼີມສະຫຼອງຄວາມສຳເລັດໃນດ້ານສັງຄົມ, ເສດຖະກິດ, ວັດທະນະທຳ ແລະການເມືອງ ຂອງບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງທັງຫຼາຍ.
ໂຄສົກເພື່ອຜູ້ຍິງຂອງອົງການສະຫະປະຊາຊາດ ທ່ານນາງ ປາໂລມາ ແອສກູແດໂຣ ກ່າວວ່າ ການສະຫຼອງວັນດັ່ງກ່າວນີ້ ບໍ່ໝາຍຄວາມວ່າ ຈະບໍ່ມີສິ່ງຕ້ອງເຮັດຕື່ມອີກ ເພື່ອປັບປຸງຊີວິດຂອງຜູ້ຍິງທັງຫຼາຍ.
ໃນຖະແຫລງການສົ່ງຜ່ານທາງອີເມລຂອງທ່ານນາງ ແອສກູແດໂຣ ກ່າວວ່າ 'ບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງ ຍັງຄົງຢູ່ຫ່າງໄກຫຼາຍຈາກຄວາມເທົ່າທຽມກັນ ໃນເກືອບທຸກພາກສ່ວນຕ່າງໆ ແລະພວກເຮົາສາມາດເຫັນໄດ້ ໃນສົງຄາມຫຼາຍແຫ່ງ ແລະວິກິດການຕ່າງໆທີ່ໂລກປະເຊີນ ລວມທັງ ພະຍາດໂຄວິດ-19, ບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງກໍຈະໄດ້ຮັບຜົນກະທົບຜູ້ທຳອິດ ແລະຮ້າຍແຮງທີ່ສຸດ ຢູ່ສະເໝີ.'
ນາງ ອາຍຊາວ ຍັງເປັນອາສາສະໝັກກັບອົງກອນຕ່າງໆທີ່ບໍ່ຫວັງຜົນກຳໄລ ທີ່ຊ່ອຍເຫຼືອບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງ ແລະພວກເດັກນ້ອຍອົບພະຍົບ ທີ່ເຂົ້າມາຕັ້ງຖິ່ນຖານໃນອາເມຣິກາ.
ຢູ່ທີ່ງານແຫ່ງນຶ່ງ ນາງໄດ້ພົບປະກັບນາງ ທາທີອານາ ສຕຣາທີລາຕ ຜູ້ທີ່ເປັນແມ່ຄົວ ຫຼື chef ທີ່ໄດ້ຫລົບໜີຈາກຢູເຄຣນ ເຊິ່ງເປັນບ້ານເກີດຂອງນາງ ຫຼັງຈາກການບຸກລຸກຂອງຣັດເຊຍ. ນາງອາຍຊາວ ໃຫ້ຂໍ້ຄິດບາງຢ່າງແກ່ລາວ ກ່ຽວກັບການຍົກຍ້າຍຖິ່ນຖານ ແລະນາງສຕຣາທີລາຕ ກໍໄດ້ແບ່ງປັນອາຫານຢູເຄຣນ ຂອງລາວ.
ຊີວິດການເປັນຢູ່ຂອງບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງໃນຢູເຄຣນ ແລະອີຣັກ ແມ່ນແຕກຕ່າງກັນ ແຕ່ການດີ້ນຮົນຂອງພວກເຂົາເພື່ອຈະປະສົບຜົນສຳເລັດໃນອາຊີບທີ່ບໍ່ເປັນແບບດັ່ງເດີມນັ້ນ ເປັນເລື້ອງທີ່ຮູ້ກັນທົ່ວໄປ ນາງ ສຕຣາທີລາຕ ກ່າວ.
ນາງ ທາທີອານາ ສຕຣາທີລາຕ ກ່າວເປັນພາສາຢູເຄຣນ ວ່າ 'ໃນຢູເຄຣນ ພ້ອມທັງຢູ່ທີ່ນີ້ ບໍ່ມີ ແຊັຟ ທີ່ເປັນຜູ້ຍິງຫຼາຍປານໃດ ສ່ວນຫຼາຍແມ່ນຜູ້ຊາຍ. ການພິສູດສິ່ງທີ່ກົງກັນຂ້າມນັ້ນ ແມ່ນບໍ່ງ່າຍເລີຍ.'
ນາງ ສຕຣາທີລາຕ ກ່າວວ່າ ລາວມີກຳລັງໃຈທີ່ວ່າ ບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງຈາກປະເທດຕ່າງໆ ສະໜັບສະໜູນ ແລະຮຽນຮູ້ຈາກກັນແລະກັນ.
ນາງ ທາທີອານາ ສຕຣາທີລາຕ ອົບພະຍົບຊາວຢູເຄຣນ ກ່າວເປັນພາສາຢູເຄຣນ ວ່າ 'ຫຼັງຈາກການເດີນທາງຍົກຍ້າຍຖິ່ນຖານໄປສະຫະລັດ. ໃນທີ່ສຸດຂ້ອຍໄດ້ເລີ້ມເຮັດວຽກ ເປັນແຊັຟ. ຂ້ອຍນຳພາການສອນຄົວກິນ ໃຫ້ແກ່ພວກນັກສຶກສາຂອງມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລລັດໂຄໂລຣາໂດ (CSU), ຮ້ານອາຫານໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ, ແລະຂ້ອຍຍັງສອນ ອາຫານຢູເຄຣນ ໃນຊຸມຊົນທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງທັງຫຼາຍ ແລະຍັງເຮັດວຽກເປັນຄູສອນແຊັຟສ່ວນຕົວນຳດ້ວຍ. ສິ່ງເຫລົ່ານີ້ ໄດ້ນຳເອົາຄວາມສຸກມາໃຫ້ຂ້ອຍຫຼາຍ ຕໍ່ການແບ່ງປັນຄວາມມັກຮັກໃນການຄົວກິນຂອງຂ້ອຍກັບຜູ້ຍິງຄົນອື່ນໆ ຈາກປະເທດທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງກັນ.'
ຂອບໃຈຕໍ່ການເພີ້ມຂຶ້ນຂອງນະວັດຕະກຳດ້ານເທັກໂນໂລຈີຕ່າງໆ ສາຂາທີ່ນາງອາຍຊາວ ໄດ້ເລືອກນັ້ນ ກຳລັງເຕີບໃຫຍ່ຂຶ້ນ ແລະນາງດີໃຈທີ່ໄດ້ພົບກັບວິຊາສະເພາະຂອງລາວ.
ນາງ ເມຍນາ ອາຍຊາວ ນັກວິທະຍາສາດ ກ່າວວ່າ 'ຂ້ອຍເຄີຍສົນໃຈໃນຍານອາວະກາດ ແລະເທັກໂນໂລຈີກ່ຽວກັບຍານອາວະກາດ ສະນັ້ນ ຂ້ອຍຂໍຂອບໃຈທີ່ສາມາດຕິດຕໍ່ພົວພັນກັບອົງການອາວະການຫຼາຍແຫ່ງ ເຊັ່ນ SpaceX ແລະ NASA ເພື່ອຊ່ອຍເຂົາເຈົ້າເລືອກເອົາເຄື່ອງຫ້ອງທົດລອງທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງສຳລັບການວິໄຈສານເຄມີບາງຊະນິດ. ໜ້າທີ່ໃນປັດຈຸບັນຂອງຂ້ອຍ ແມ່ນເຮັດການວິໄຈກຳມັນຕະລັງສີສຳລັບທຸກສິ່ງທຸກຢ່າງ ທີ່ເຂົາເຈົ້າສົ່ງຂຶ້ນໄປອາວະກາດ ຫຼື ລົງມາຈາກອາວະກາດ.'
ບົດລາຍງານປີ 2024 ໂດຍ World Economic Forum ກ່າວວ່າ ຈະຕ້ອງໃຊ້ເວລາ 134 ປີ - ປະມານຫ້າລຸ້ນຄົນ - ທີ່ຈະບັນລຸການເທົ່າທຽມທາງເພດຢ່າງສົມບູນໃນທົ່ວສີ່ມິດຕິຫຼັກຄື: ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມໃນເສດຖະກິດ ແລະໂອກາດ, ການບັນລຸຜົນດ້ານການສຶກສາ, ດ້ານສຸຂພາບ ແລະການຢູ່ລອດ, ແລະອຳນາດດ້ານການເມືອງ.
ອ່ານລາຍງານໃນພາສາອັງກິດ
A World Economic Forum report says it will take roughly 130 years for the world to reach full gender parity, in which women and men contribute equally to all dimensions of life. In Colorado, Svitlana Prystynska has the story of two women making inroads.
Living without fear and doing what you love is how Mirna Ayshoa, an Iraqi scientist and part-time musician, describes her life in America.
((Mirna Ayshoa, Scientist))
'The situation for women in Iraq is significantly different than in the United States."
Ayshoa came to the U.S. in 2015 at age 22 after completing a bachelor's degree in Iraq. She graduated from Colorado State University in 2017 with a master's degree in cell and molecular biology. She eventually found an internship working as a laboratory instrumentation specialist, conducting tests to verify the performance and quality of medical devices and other tools.
After her internship, she began working as a specialist in this field.
((Mirna Ayshoa, Scientist))
"I really liked technology, and I didn't see a lot of women doing that kind of thing.'
In the United States, she also found the freedom to play drums professionally, performing in concerts and festivals, something she says would not be possible for her back home.
((Mirna Ayshoa, Scientist))
'Imagine a metal drummer like me in Iraq. They would associate me with certain beliefs.'
March 8th is International Women's Day, a day to celebrate the social, economic, cultural and political achievements of women.
U.N. Women spokesperson Paloma Escudero says observing the day doesn't mean there isn't more to be done to improve women's lives.
((GFX of email statement))
'Women remain far from equality in almost every sphere, and we can see that in the many wars and crises the world faces, including COVID-19, it is always women who are impacted first and worst.'
Ayshoa volunteers with nonprofit organizations that help women and children refugees settle in America.
At one of the events, she met Tatyana Stratilat, a chef who fled her native Ukraine after the Russian invasion. Ayshoa gave her some tips about immigration, and Stratilat shared her Ukrainian cuisine.
The lives of women in Ukraine and Iraq are different, but women's struggle to succeed in nontraditional careers is universal, Stratilat says.
((Tatyana Stratilat, Ukrainian Refugee (female, Ukrainian))
"In Ukraine, as well as here, there are not a lot of female chefs; most are men. It wasn't easy to prove the opposite."
Stratilat says she is encouraged that women from different countries support and learn from each other.
((Tatyana Stratilat, Ukrainian Refugee (female, Ukrainian))
"After my immigration journey to U.S.A., // I've finally started to work as a chef. I lead cooking classes for CSU [[Colorado State University]] students, local restaurants, and also I teach Ukrainian cuisine in different communities and also work as a private chef instructor. It has brought me a lot of joy to share my passion for cooking with other women from different countries."
Thanks to the rise of innovative technologies, Ayshoa's chosen field is growing, and she is glad to have found her niche.
((Mirna Ayshoa, Scientist))
'I've been very interested in aerospace and aerospace technology, so I've been thankfully able to interact with a lot of space agencies like SpaceX and NASA to help them choose the right lab instrumentation to analyze certain chemicals. My current job is to analyze radiation for anything they are sending up to space or down from space.'
A 2024 report by the World Economic Forum says it will take 134 years — roughly five generations — to reach full gender parity across four key dimensions: economic participation and opportunity, educational attainment, health and survival, and political empowerment.

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- Voice of America
ຜູ້ຍິງສອງຄົນ ໄດ້ທັບມ້າງ ກຳແພງກັ້ນທາງເພດ ເພື່ອສ້າງອາຊີບຕ່າງໆ ໃຫ້ແກ່ບັນດາແມ່ຍິງ
ບົດລາຍງານຂອງອົງການສົນທະນາເສດຖະກິດໂລກ ຫຼື World Economic Forum ທີ່ກ່າວວ່າ ຄົງຈະໃຊ້ເວລາປະມານ 130 ປີ ເພື່ອໃຫ້ໂລກບັນລຸເຖິງຄວາມເທົ່າທຽມທາງເພດຢ່າງສົມບູນ ເຊິ່ງບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງ ແລະຊາຍ ປະກອບສ່ວນເຂົ້າໃນທຸກມິດຕິຂອງຊີວິດ ເທົ່າໆກັນ. ໃນລັດໂຄໂລຣາໂດ ສວິຕລານາ ປຣິສຕີນສກາ ມີເລື້ອງລາວຂອງຜູ້ຍິງສອງຄົນທີ່ໄດ້ທຳການບຸກເບີກກ່ຽວກັບຄວາມສະເໝີພາບ. ການດຳລົງຊີວິດໂດຍປາສະຈາກຄວາມຢ້ານກົວ ແລະເຮັດສິ່ງທີ່ເຈົ້າມັກນັ້ນ ແມ່ນວິທີທີ່ນາງ ເມີຍນາ ອາຍຊາວ (Mirna Ayshoa) ນັກວິທະຍາສາດ ຊາວອີຣັກ ແລະເປັນນັກດົນຕີໃນເວລາຫວ່າງ ໄດ້ອະທິບາຍເຖິງຊີວິດການເປັນຢູ່ຂອງລາວ ໃນອາເມຣິກາ. ນາງ ອາຍຊາວ ກ່າວວ່າ 'ສະຖານະການສຳລັບຜູ້ຍິງໃນອີຣັກ ແມ່ນມີຄວາມແຕກຕ່າງກັນຫຼາຍກັບຢູ່ໃນສະຫະລັດ.' ນາງ ເມີຍນາ ອາຍຊາວ ໄດ້ເຂົ້າມາໃນສະຫະລັດ ເມື່ອປີ 2015 ຕອນອາຍຸ 22 ປີ ຫຼັງຈາກໄດ້ສຳເລັດການສຶກສາລະດັບປະລິນຍາຕີ ໃນອີຣັກ. ນາງຍັງໄດ້ຮຽນຈົບຈາກມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລລັດໂຄໂລຣາໂດ ໃນປີ 2017 ດ້ວຍປະລິນຍາເອກໃນສາຂາຊີວະພາບດ້ານແຊລ ແລະໂມເລກຸນ. ໃນທີ່ສຸດນາງໄດ້ເຂົ້າຝຶກງານໃນຖານະເປັນຜູ້ຊ່ຽວຊານດ້ານເຄື່ອງມືຂອງຫ້ອງທົດລອງ, ແລ້ວດຳເນີນການທົດສອບຕ່າງໆ ເພື່ອຢັ້ງຢືນປະສິດທິພາບ ແລະຄຸນນະພາບຂອງອຸປະກອນທາງການແພດ ແລະເຄື່ອງມືອື່ນໆທັງຫຼາຍ. ພາຍຫຼັງສຳເລັດການຝຶກງານແລ້ວ ນາງໄດ້ເລີ້ມເຮັດວຽກເປັນນັກຊ່ຽວຊານໃນດ້ານດັ່ງກ່າວ. ນາງ ເມຍນາ ອາຍຊາວ ນັກວິທະຍາສາດ ກ່າວວ່າ 'ຂ້ອຍມັກເທັກໂລຈີແທ້ໆເລີຍ ແລະຂ້ອຍບໍ່ເຫັນຜູ້ຍິງເຮັດວຽກປະເພດນີ້ຫຼາຍປານໃດ.' ໃນສະຫະລັດ ນາງຍັງໄດ້ພົບອິດສະຫຼະພາບໃນການຕີກອງຢ່າງເປັນມືອາຊີບນຳດ້ວຍ, ຍັງໄດ້ທຳການສະແດງໃນງານຄອນເສີດ ແລະງານບຸນຕ່າງໆ, ເຊິ່ງເປັນສິ່ງທີ່ນາງກ່າວວ່າ ຈະບໍ່ອາດເປັນໄປໄດ້ຢູ່ທີ່ບ້ານເກີດຂອງນາງ. ນາງ ອາຍຊາວ ກ່າວວ່າ 'ລອງຈິນຕາການເບິ່ງວ່າ ນັກຕີກອງໂລຫະຄືຂ້ອຍ ຢູ່ໃນ ອີຣັກ. ເຂົາເຈົ້າຈະເຊື່ອມໂຍງຂ້ອຍກັບຄວາມເຊື່ອຖືບາງຢ່າງ.' ວັນທີ 8 ມີນານີ້ ເປັນວັນຂອງຜູ້ຍິງສາກົນ ຫຼື International Women's Day, ເຊິ່ງເປັນວັນເພື່ອການສະເຫຼີມສະຫຼອງຄວາມສຳເລັດໃນດ້ານສັງຄົມ, ເສດຖະກິດ, ວັດທະນະທຳ ແລະການເມືອງ ຂອງບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງທັງຫຼາຍ. ໂຄສົກເພື່ອຜູ້ຍິງຂອງອົງການສະຫະປະຊາຊາດ ທ່ານນາງ ປາໂລມາ ແອສກູແດໂຣ ກ່າວວ່າ ການສະຫຼອງວັນດັ່ງກ່າວນີ້ ບໍ່ໝາຍຄວາມວ່າ ຈະບໍ່ມີສິ່ງຕ້ອງເຮັດຕື່ມອີກ ເພື່ອປັບປຸງຊີວິດຂອງຜູ້ຍິງທັງຫຼາຍ. ໃນຖະແຫລງການສົ່ງຜ່ານທາງອີເມລຂອງທ່ານນາງ ແອສກູແດໂຣ ກ່າວວ່າ 'ບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງ ຍັງຄົງຢູ່ຫ່າງໄກຫຼາຍຈາກຄວາມເທົ່າທຽມກັນ ໃນເກືອບທຸກພາກສ່ວນຕ່າງໆ ແລະພວກເຮົາສາມາດເຫັນໄດ້ ໃນສົງຄາມຫຼາຍແຫ່ງ ແລະວິກິດການຕ່າງໆທີ່ໂລກປະເຊີນ ລວມທັງ ພະຍາດໂຄວິດ-19, ບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງກໍຈະໄດ້ຮັບຜົນກະທົບຜູ້ທຳອິດ ແລະຮ້າຍແຮງທີ່ສຸດ ຢູ່ສະເໝີ.' ນາງ ອາຍຊາວ ຍັງເປັນອາສາສະໝັກກັບອົງກອນຕ່າງໆທີ່ບໍ່ຫວັງຜົນກຳໄລ ທີ່ຊ່ອຍເຫຼືອບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງ ແລະພວກເດັກນ້ອຍອົບພະຍົບ ທີ່ເຂົ້າມາຕັ້ງຖິ່ນຖານໃນອາເມຣິກາ. ຢູ່ທີ່ງານແຫ່ງນຶ່ງ ນາງໄດ້ພົບປະກັບນາງ ທາທີອານາ ສຕຣາທີລາຕ ຜູ້ທີ່ເປັນແມ່ຄົວ ຫຼື chef ທີ່ໄດ້ຫລົບໜີຈາກຢູເຄຣນ ເຊິ່ງເປັນບ້ານເກີດຂອງນາງ ຫຼັງຈາກການບຸກລຸກຂອງຣັດເຊຍ. ນາງອາຍຊາວ ໃຫ້ຂໍ້ຄິດບາງຢ່າງແກ່ລາວ ກ່ຽວກັບການຍົກຍ້າຍຖິ່ນຖານ ແລະນາງສຕຣາທີລາຕ ກໍໄດ້ແບ່ງປັນອາຫານຢູເຄຣນ ຂອງລາວ. ຊີວິດການເປັນຢູ່ຂອງບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງໃນຢູເຄຣນ ແລະອີຣັກ ແມ່ນແຕກຕ່າງກັນ ແຕ່ການດີ້ນຮົນຂອງພວກເຂົາເພື່ອຈະປະສົບຜົນສຳເລັດໃນອາຊີບທີ່ບໍ່ເປັນແບບດັ່ງເດີມນັ້ນ ເປັນເລື້ອງທີ່ຮູ້ກັນທົ່ວໄປ ນາງ ສຕຣາທີລາຕ ກ່າວ. ນາງ ທາທີອານາ ສຕຣາທີລາຕ ກ່າວເປັນພາສາຢູເຄຣນ ວ່າ 'ໃນຢູເຄຣນ ພ້ອມທັງຢູ່ທີ່ນີ້ ບໍ່ມີ ແຊັຟ ທີ່ເປັນຜູ້ຍິງຫຼາຍປານໃດ ສ່ວນຫຼາຍແມ່ນຜູ້ຊາຍ. ການພິສູດສິ່ງທີ່ກົງກັນຂ້າມນັ້ນ ແມ່ນບໍ່ງ່າຍເລີຍ.' ນາງ ສຕຣາທີລາຕ ກ່າວວ່າ ລາວມີກຳລັງໃຈທີ່ວ່າ ບັນດາຜູ້ຍິງຈາກປະເທດຕ່າງໆ ສະໜັບສະໜູນ ແລະຮຽນຮູ້ຈາກກັນແລະກັນ. ນາງ ທາທີອານາ ສຕຣາທີລາຕ ອົບພະຍົບຊາວຢູເຄຣນ ກ່າວເປັນພາສາຢູເຄຣນ ວ່າ 'ຫຼັງຈາກການເດີນທາງຍົກຍ້າຍຖິ່ນຖານໄປສະຫະລັດ. ໃນທີ່ສຸດຂ້ອຍໄດ້ເລີ້ມເຮັດວຽກ ເປັນແຊັຟ. ຂ້ອຍນຳພາການສອນຄົວກິນ ໃຫ້ແກ່ພວກນັກສຶກສາຂອງມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລລັດໂຄໂລຣາໂດ (CSU), ຮ້ານອາຫານໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ, ແລະຂ້ອຍຍັງສອນ ອາຫານຢູເຄຣນ ໃນຊຸມຊົນທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງທັງຫຼາຍ ແລະຍັງເຮັດວຽກເປັນຄູສອນແຊັຟສ່ວນຕົວນຳດ້ວຍ. ສິ່ງເຫລົ່ານີ້ ໄດ້ນຳເອົາຄວາມສຸກມາໃຫ້ຂ້ອຍຫຼາຍ ຕໍ່ການແບ່ງປັນຄວາມມັກຮັກໃນການຄົວກິນຂອງຂ້ອຍກັບຜູ້ຍິງຄົນອື່ນໆ ຈາກປະເທດທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງກັນ.' ຂອບໃຈຕໍ່ການເພີ້ມຂຶ້ນຂອງນະວັດຕະກຳດ້ານເທັກໂນໂລຈີຕ່າງໆ ສາຂາທີ່ນາງອາຍຊາວ ໄດ້ເລືອກນັ້ນ ກຳລັງເຕີບໃຫຍ່ຂຶ້ນ ແລະນາງດີໃຈທີ່ໄດ້ພົບກັບວິຊາສະເພາະຂອງລາວ. ນາງ ເມຍນາ ອາຍຊາວ ນັກວິທະຍາສາດ ກ່າວວ່າ 'ຂ້ອຍເຄີຍສົນໃຈໃນຍານອາວະກາດ ແລະເທັກໂນໂລຈີກ່ຽວກັບຍານອາວະກາດ ສະນັ້ນ ຂ້ອຍຂໍຂອບໃຈທີ່ສາມາດຕິດຕໍ່ພົວພັນກັບອົງການອາວະການຫຼາຍແຫ່ງ ເຊັ່ນ SpaceX ແລະ NASA ເພື່ອຊ່ອຍເຂົາເຈົ້າເລືອກເອົາເຄື່ອງຫ້ອງທົດລອງທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງສຳລັບການວິໄຈສານເຄມີບາງຊະນິດ. ໜ້າທີ່ໃນປັດຈຸບັນຂອງຂ້ອຍ ແມ່ນເຮັດການວິໄຈກຳມັນຕະລັງສີສຳລັບທຸກສິ່ງທຸກຢ່າງ ທີ່ເຂົາເຈົ້າສົ່ງຂຶ້ນໄປອາວະກາດ ຫຼື ລົງມາຈາກອາວະກາດ.' ບົດລາຍງານປີ 2024 ໂດຍ World Economic Forum ກ່າວວ່າ ຈະຕ້ອງໃຊ້ເວລາ 134 ປີ - ປະມານຫ້າລຸ້ນຄົນ - ທີ່ຈະບັນລຸການເທົ່າທຽມທາງເພດຢ່າງສົມບູນໃນທົ່ວສີ່ມິດຕິຫຼັກຄື: ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມໃນເສດຖະກິດ ແລະໂອກາດ, ການບັນລຸຜົນດ້ານການສຶກສາ, ດ້ານສຸຂພາບ ແລະການຢູ່ລອດ, ແລະອຳນາດດ້ານການເມືອງ. ອ່ານລາຍງານໃນພາສາອັງກິດ A World Economic Forum report says it will take roughly 130 years for the world to reach full gender parity, in which women and men contribute equally to all dimensions of life. In Colorado, Svitlana Prystynska has the story of two women making inroads. Living without fear and doing what you love is how Mirna Ayshoa, an Iraqi scientist and part-time musician, describes her life in America. ((Mirna Ayshoa, Scientist)) 'The situation for women in Iraq is significantly different than in the United States." Ayshoa came to the U.S. in 2015 at age 22 after completing a bachelor's degree in Iraq. She graduated from Colorado State University in 2017 with a master's degree in cell and molecular biology. She eventually found an internship working as a laboratory instrumentation specialist, conducting tests to verify the performance and quality of medical devices and other tools. After her internship, she began working as a specialist in this field. ((Mirna Ayshoa, Scientist)) "I really liked technology, and I didn't see a lot of women doing that kind of thing.' In the United States, she also found the freedom to play drums professionally, performing in concerts and festivals, something she says would not be possible for her back home. ((Mirna Ayshoa, Scientist)) 'Imagine a metal drummer like me in Iraq. They would associate me with certain beliefs.' March 8th is International Women's Day, a day to celebrate the social, economic, cultural and political achievements of women. U.N. Women spokesperson Paloma Escudero says observing the day doesn't mean there isn't more to be done to improve women's lives. ((GFX of email statement)) 'Women remain far from equality in almost every sphere, and we can see that in the many wars and crises the world faces, including COVID-19, it is always women who are impacted first and worst.' Ayshoa volunteers with nonprofit organizations that help women and children refugees settle in America. At one of the events, she met Tatyana Stratilat, a chef who fled her native Ukraine after the Russian invasion. Ayshoa gave her some tips about immigration, and Stratilat shared her Ukrainian cuisine. The lives of women in Ukraine and Iraq are different, but women's struggle to succeed in nontraditional careers is universal, Stratilat says. ((Tatyana Stratilat, Ukrainian Refugee (female, Ukrainian)) "In Ukraine, as well as here, there are not a lot of female chefs; most are men. It wasn't easy to prove the opposite." Stratilat says she is encouraged that women from different countries support and learn from each other. ((Tatyana Stratilat, Ukrainian Refugee (female, Ukrainian)) "After my immigration journey to U.S.A., // I've finally started to work as a chef. I lead cooking classes for CSU [[Colorado State University]] students, local restaurants, and also I teach Ukrainian cuisine in different communities and also work as a private chef instructor. It has brought me a lot of joy to share my passion for cooking with other women from different countries." Thanks to the rise of innovative technologies, Ayshoa's chosen field is growing, and she is glad to have found her niche. ((Mirna Ayshoa, Scientist)) 'I've been very interested in aerospace and aerospace technology, so I've been thankfully able to interact with a lot of space agencies like SpaceX and NASA to help them choose the right lab instrumentation to analyze certain chemicals. My current job is to analyze radiation for anything they are sending up to space or down from space.' A 2024 report by the World Economic Forum says it will take 134 years — roughly five generations — to reach full gender parity across four key dimensions: economic participation and opportunity, educational attainment, health and survival, and political empowerment.


Voice of America
14-02-2025
- Voice of America
Visitors Laugh Away Troubles at the HaHaHouse Museum
A new museum of laughter in Croatia is offering to help people deal with the negativity of modern life. Visitors to the HaHaHouse in the Croatian capital Zagreb walk into a little cloud of white smoke when they step inside. Its purpose is to blow away their worries before they climb into a "giant washing machine". Then they move down a twisting slide into a space filled with little white balls where their trip to a happier place starts. Forty-three-year-old Andrea Golubic is the museum's creator. Golubic said she got the idea during the COVID-19 pandemic. At that time, many people were feeling down, depressed and alone: "I realized that I had a mission -- to heal people with laughter." The idea "came straight from the heart", Golubic told the French News Agency (AFP). She had ideas for many of the museum elements in one day: 'that's how the HaHaHouse began." Golubic said a picture of her when she was seven-year-old inspired her. 'I was constantly joking as a kid," she added. Visitors press a button to be "disinfected from negativity" as soon as they step inside the museum, which has eight interactive zones, or areas. One has rubber chickens singing cheerfully. They sing songs like ABBA's "Dancing Queen." There is a karaoke room with distorted voices and a "Sumo Arena" for wrestling in puffed up clothes. There is also some serious history of humor from ancient to modern times told through theatre, film or the internet. The museum also explains different kinds of humor. These include word play, slapstick, dark humor and satire. Inner child Golubic said the HaHaHouse is popular with everyone from small children to older people. Adults say it is a good excuse to act like a child. "All those who still feel a bit of childish joy and embrace their inner child, will recharge themselves," she said. Retiree Bruno Dadic told AFP he was pleased by his visit "as there is never enough humor in life. "Laughter is a medicine for the soul," he said. Aleksandar Suka celebrated his fifth birthday with a visit. Visiting with his mother, the little boy said he liked lying on the "Bed of Nails" since they tickled him. Singer Zorica Bucic, from the coastal town of Split, said the museum was just right for our times. "Entering here is like entering childhood, being relieved of all problems,' she said. Bucic added that if you could come to museum often, you would not need to visit a psychologist. Psychologist Petar Kraljevic told AFP that laughter is a kind of weapon which gives people strength to face their problems. He said that if doctors could advise their patients to have "three hours of laughter' a day, people would feel much better. I'm John Russell. Lajla Veselica reported this story for Agence-France Press. Jill Robbins adapted it for Learning English. ____________________________________________________ Words in This Story museum –n. a building that holds many exhibits showing things related to a subject such as history, art or any other subject people are interested in negativity – n. an attitude in which someone considers only the bad qualities of someone or something twist – v. to curve or change direction suddenly inspire – v. to make (someone) want to do something; to give (someone) an idea about what to do or create interactive – adj. designed to respond to the actions or commands of a user karaoke –n. a pastime in which people sing along with music of popular songs slapstick – n. comedy that involves physical action (such as falling down or hitting people satire – n. a way of using humor to show that someone or something is foolish, weak, or bad; humor that shows the weaknesses or bad qualities of a person, government, society, etc. embrace – v. to accept (something or someone) readily or gladly recharge – v. to rest and relax in order to regain your energy and strength tickle – v. to make (someone) laugh by lightly touching a very sensitive part of the body with fingers, a feather, or the like psychologist –n. a health specialist who is not usually a doctor but aims to treat people with mental or behavioral problems What do you think of this story? Write to us in the Comments Section.


Voice of America
08-12-2024
- Voice of America
Sumo wrestlers bring 1,500 years of tradition to London as sport has international moment
London's Royal Albert Hall, the gilded concert venue known for an annual Rule Britannia singalong, is preparing to host a different kind of spectacle: Sumo wrestling. Camera shutters clicked furiously and reporters "Ahhhed" in delight Wednesday as wrestlers Daisuke Kitanowaka and Akira Fukutsuumi demonstrated a sideways stamp and put on an exhibition of heavyweight grappling to promote a tournament scheduled for next October. It marks only the second time an elite five-day tournament will be held outside Japan. The first was in 1991 at the same venue. Organizers are hoping to whip up the kind of excitement that was generated three decades ago, when the deeply ritualistic sport attracted sell-out crowds and a national television audience. "It wasn't just an event here at the hall,'' said James Ainscough, chief executive of the Royal Albert Hall. "It became a national moment. People talked about it in the workplace. You could see kids acting it out each day in playgrounds the length and breadth of the country. So it's a huge honor and a huge matter of excitement to welcome it back in 2025.'' A variety of factors, including a series of sumo wrestling scandals, the financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, delayed the sport's return to London. But organizers believe the time is right because sumo is having a bit of a moment. Two Netflix series have introduced audiences to the intricacies of the sport, which has roots stretching back 1,500 years. Earlier this year, Hanshin Contents Link opened a sumo hall in Osaka, Japan's third-largest city, that entertains foreign tourists with explanatory exhibitions and actual bouts. Organizers of the London event say they hope to show Japan's rich culture as well as its traditional sport that pits two huge men clad in very little against each other in a test of strength and technique. On hand Wednesday was the winner of the previous U.K. tournament, Nobuyoshi Hakkaku, nicknamed "bulldog'' by British fans in 1991. Now the chairman of the Japan Sumo Association, he reminisced about how the only thing that made him really nervous was preparing for a victory speech in English. Japan's ambassador to the U.K., Hiroshi Suzuki, also made an appearance, a reflection of the event's importance to the nation. Organizers promised that spectators also would see exhibitions of Kabuki theater and other Japanese traditions. But the main attraction were the wrestlers. Kitanowaka and Fukutsuumi gamely tried to show off their sport. Clad in their mawashi, or ceremonial aprons, they faced off on a mat in front of several dozen journalists. The big men slammed into each other with an "oomph" as flesh slapped flesh. A grunt or two broke the silence. No sweat was evident. It was over in a flash. Then they went outside, dropping their robes and exposing their flesh to the frosty November air as they entered and exited a classic London black cab for photographers. Nothing seemed to bother them. Not the cold. Not the demands to stand this way or that. As the concert hall loomed behind them, they did their best to be sumo diplomats. "Sumo has a wonderfully intriguing collection of culture and ritual and sport and excitement,'' Ainscough said. "And to bring sumo back to the Royal Albert Hall again doesn't just create a sporting moment, it creates a moment where we can learn and be inspired by another culture and another set of principles to live by. It's a moment where we can all grow closer together.'"