DR Congo ex-leader lashes out after immunity lifted for treason charges
The 53-year-old made a 45-minute speech live on YouTube on Friday evening from an unspecified location a day after the Senate lifted his immunity from prosecution.
DR Congo's authorities intend to charge the former president with treason and war crimes, linking him to the Rwandan-backed M23 rebels, who have taken control of several towns in the east. Kabila, in power between 2001 and 2019, said he had broken his silence because he felt the unity of the country was at risk.
Analysts say any trial of Kabila could further destabilise the country, which has been battling the M23 rebellion since 2012.
The government of President Félix Tshisekedi has not responded to the speech in which Kabila also set out a 12-point plan that he said could help end decades of insecurity in the mineral-rich east of DR Congo. (Agencies)
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Qatar Tribune
3 hours ago
- Qatar Tribune
DR Congo rebels killed 140 civilians despite peace process: Rights group
NEW YORK: M23 rebels killed at least 140 people in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo last month in one of the worst atrocities by the armed group since its resurgence in late 2021, Human Rights Watch has said in a report. This is despite a peace process, brokered by the US and Qatar, to end the conflict in the region. Witnesses told the advocacy group that the Rwanda-backed rebels 'summarily executed' local residents, including women and children, largely from the Hutu ethnic group in the Rutshuru area, near the Virunga National Park. The rebels have previously strongly denied any role in these killings, calling the charges a 'blatant misrepresentation of the facts'. The alleged massacre appears to have taken place during an M23 campaign against an armed Hutu group, the FDLR, formed by perpetrators of the 1994 genocide in neighbouring Rwanda. (Agencies)
Al Jazeera
a day ago
- Al Jazeera
M23-DR Congo peace talks in Doha stalled: What next?
The rebel group M23 and the government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) have failed to sign a final peace accord scheduled for Monday after the rebels accused the Congolese army of breaking an earlier agreement intended to lead to a full peace deal. Monday's scheduled talks were part of a series of negotiations mediated by Qatar. Both sides were required to be in Doha to sign what was supposed to be a concluding peace pact. However, the M23 announced on Sunday, the eve of the signing, that its representatives were not in Doha as agreed, raising fears among analysts that the talks might be derailed altogether. On Monday, the group appeared to walk back its decision, promising to send representatives in the coming days. The DRC has been mired in conflict with the Rwanda-backed M23 for several years. In December 2023, the armed group merged with another militia, the Congo River Alliance (AFC), and is also referred to as AFC-M23. Fighting escalated significantly in January after the group seized vast swaths of territory in mineral-rich eastern DRC, including the regional capital, Goma. Despite agreeing to secure peace, violence has continued on the ground, with more than 300 people killed in an assault last week. Here's what to know about the M23, who backs them, and the Doha peace agreement: What is the Doha peace agreement? It's an agreement between the M23 and, to a lesser extent, Rwanda, on the one hand, and the DRC on the other. Rwanda is accused of backing the rebels by Kinshasa, a United Nations Expert Group, and the United States. Several peace deals have been mediated by the DRC and Rwanda's neighbours, including Angola and Kenya, but none have managed to hold. In March, Qatar's Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani in Doha hosted a meeting between Congolese President Felix Tshisekedi and his Rwandan counterpart Paul Kagame, whereafter both leaders called for a ceasefire. Since then, subsequent talks have been held with the DRC and the M23. Separately, the US, in June, brokered a ceasefire agreement between the two countries' foreign ministers in Washington, but without the M23. In the deal, both countries agreed to work together on a joint security commission, guarantee the safe return of displaced people, and cease support of non-state armed groups. Rwandan troops, believed to have been fighting with the M23 as it escalated fighting this year, were to withdraw. Although the US-brokered deal and the Qatar-led talks are separate, they are tightly linked. Rwanda's Kagame has said they are 'both sides of the same coin'. On July 19, the M23 and the DRC signed a preliminary 'Declaration of Principles' in Doha, promising to end fighting and commit to a comprehensive peace deal. They agreed to exchange captured prisoners and restore state control in rebel-controlled areas, Qatar's minister of state, Mohammed bin Abdulaziz bin Saleh al-Khulaifi, told reporters. There's no report yet of a prisoner exchange, which is a priority of the M23. As per the declaration, negotiations were required to begin on August 8, and a final peace deal signing was set for August 18. Both sides seemed to interpret the declaration separately, however. Although the DRC government said the deal meant the M23 would withdraw, rebel leader Bertrand Bisimwa said in a statement on X that the declaration was 'not a question of withdrawal but of mechanisms for empowering the state, enabling it to assume its prerogatives and obligations'. 'We are in Goma with the population and we are not going to get out,' Lawrence Kanyuka, M23 spokesperson, told The Associated Press news agency. The DRC government, meanwhile, has insisted on the M23's withdrawal. Officials say Kinshasa wants the issue of prisoners to be negotiated as part of the final deal agreement, not as a condition for more talks. Why did the M23 stall the August 18 talks? M23 rebels accuse the Congolese government of continuing to attack rebel positions, and claim that Nzimbira and Kanyola in South Kivu province were attacked with heavy artillery and drones over the weekend. In a Sunday statement on X, Kanyuka said there could be no negotiating without the DRC fully honouring the earlier agreement, including releasing captives. 'The AFC/M23 hereby reaffirms its full commitment to the Doha Peace Process and emphasizes that only the full implementation of the Declaration of Principles will enable the next round of talks to proceed, which should be based on the root causes of the conflict,' his statement read. On Tuesday, Bisimwa, the group's head, appeared to walk back the earlier position and said in a post on X that 'a technical team from our Movement will travel to Doha to review the practical arrangements for the application of the ceasefire and the release of prisoners in accordance with said declaration.' The Reuters news agency, quoting an M23 official, said the group was sending a team due to Qatar's pressure, and did not expect much from the talks. 'Our delegation will simply reinforce the need to implement these measures before we can engage in negotiations,' the source is quoted as saying. There are no public records of the number of M23 captives held by Kinshasa, but their release appears pressing for the group. Since March, when the US brokered the first talks, Rwanda appears to have reduced military involvement in the DRC, according to a report by the US-based Institute for the Study of War. Analyst Nicodemus Minde of the Institute for Security Studies told Al Jazeera that the M23's stalling could be a strategic way of pushing its demands for Kinshasa to release captives. Ultimately, though, Minde added, 'There's a lot of pressure to honour the agreements [in Washington and Doha]', and that likely prompted the group's about turn. What is the M23, and who backs them? The M23 rebels are the most well-known militia among dozens of armed groups fighting for control in the DRC's east, which is abundant in minerals. Its fighters were originally recruited in the Congolese civil wars and were later integrated into the military. However, in 2012, some 300 of them claimed they were being poorly treated in the DRC army and formed the rebel group. They claim to be fighting for the rights of Congolese Tutsis, who are of Rwandan descent and make up a minority in the DRC. Although the M23 was considerably pushed back by a coalition of DRC military and UN forces following its offensives in 2012, the group resurfaced in 2022, seemingly more equipped. In January this year, its fighters launched lightning offensives from their position in the east, seizing several towns and cities before capturing Goma and Bukavu, the capitals of North Kivu and South Kivu provinces, respectively. Some 3,000 people were killed in the battle, and hundreds of thousands were displaced. In 2023, a UN Group of Experts report found that neighbouring Rwanda finances the group. The US also accuses Kigali of the same. Rwanda no longer denies the accusations but accuses the DRC of backing an anti-Kagame militia, the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR). Some 4,000 Rwandan troops reportedly fought alongside the M23 in the eastern DRC war earlier this year. Both countries have a complex rivalry that goes back to the Rwandan genocide and the Congo Wars that came after. What has the DRC said? The Congolese government did not directly respond to the M23's accusations on Sunday. In a statement on X, spokesperson Patrick Muyaya reaffirmed that Kinshasa was committed 'to the peace process and reiterates its dedication to the strict respect of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the State in accordance with the constitution'. However, Congolese army spokesperson Sylvain Ekenge said in a statement last week that the M23 launched 'multiple attacks' on army positions in the east of the country. The attacks were 'almost daily', he said, and signified an 'intentional and clear violation' of the peace agreements signed in Doha and Washington, DC. The UN last week also accused the M23 of killing at least 319 civilians, including children, in Rutshuru, in attacks in the eastern North Kivu province. UN Human Rights Chief Volker Turk called it one of the 'largest documented death tolls' since the M23's resurgence in 2022. He condemned the violence, stating: 'All attacks against civilians must stop immediately, and all those responsible must be held to account.' On the topic of releasing M23 captives, an unnamed government source quoted by Reuters said the request was a complicated prerequisite. The DRC would rather it be hashed out in negotiations, rather than be a condition to continue the talks, the source said. How has Qatar reacted? Majed al-Ansari, a spokesperson of the Qatar foreign ministry, while speaking to journalists on Tuesday, said that although timelines had been missed, there was still hope for the peace deal. 'The good thing is that both sides are engaging very positively,' he said. 'We are engaging with them closely, and we are committed to the process, and I think the parties have shown a level of willingness to agree that was not there before.' The spokesperson did not, however, give a new date for the signing of a peace deal. Earlier, on Monday, Qatari officials revealed that they had shared a draft of the final deal with both sides to review.
Al Jazeera
2 days ago
- Al Jazeera
ISIL-backed rebels killed at least 52 people in eastern DR Congo, UN says
Rebels backed by ISIL (ISIS) have killed at least 52 civilians in the Democratic Republic of the Congo this month, according to the United Nations peacekeeping mission (MONUSCO) in the country, as both the DRC army and Rwandan-backed M23 rebel group accuse each other of violating a recently reached US-mediated ceasefire deal. Attacks by the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) targeted the Beni and Lubero territories of the eastern North Kivu province between August 9 and 16, MONUSCO said on Monday, warning that the death toll could rise further. The renewed violence comes as a separate conflict between the DRC army and the M23 group continues to simmer in the east of the country, despite a series of peace treaties signed in recent months. The government and M23 had agreed to sign a permanent peace deal by August 18, but no agreement was announced on Monday. The latest ADF 'violence was accompanied by kidnappings, looting, the burning of houses, vehicles, and motorcycles, as well as the destruction of property belonging to populations already facing a precarious humanitarian situation,' MONUSCO said. It condemned the attacks 'in the strongest possible terms', the mission's spokesperson said. The ADF is among several militias wrangling over land and resources in the DRC's mineral-rich east. Lieutenant Elongo Kyondwa Marc, a regional Congolese army spokesperson, said the ADF was taking revenge on civilians after suffering defeats by Congolese forces. 'When they arrived, they first woke the residents, gathered them in one place, tied them up with ropes, and then began to massacre them with machetes and hoes,' Macaire Sivikunula, chief of Lubero's Bapere sector, told the Reuters news agency over the weekend. After a relative lull in recent months, authorities said the group killed nearly 40 people in Komanda city, Ituri province, last month, when it stormed a Catholic church during a vigil and fired on worshippers, including many women and children. The ADF, an armed group formed by former Ugandan rebels in the 1990s after discontent with Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni, has killed thousands of civilians and increased looting and killings in the northeastern DRC. In 2002, following military assaults by Ugandan forces, the group moved its activities to neighbouring DRC. In 2019, it pledged allegiance to ISIL. Among the 52 victims so far this month, at least nine were killed overnight from Saturday to Sunday in an attack on the town of Oicha, in North Kivu, the AFP news agency learned from security and local sources. A few days earlier, the ADF had already killed at least 40 people in several towns in the Bapere sector, also in North Kivu province, according to local and security sources. In response to the renewed attacks, MONUSCO said it had strengthened its military presence in several sectors and allowed several hundred civilians to take refuge in its base. At the end of 2021, Kampala and Kinshasa launched a joint military operation against the ADF, dubbed 'Shujaa', so far without succeeding in putting an end to their attacks.
